Journal, Том 3 |
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Стр. 76
... seams , but as yet have yielded none of commercial value . The Neocomian is probably represented by the sandstones , conglomerates and grits with which are associated the valuable bituminous coal seams of the West Coast . The formation ...
... seams , but as yet have yielded none of commercial value . The Neocomian is probably represented by the sandstones , conglomerates and grits with which are associated the valuable bituminous coal seams of the West Coast . The formation ...
Стр. 77
... seams known are of late Mesozoic or Tertiary age and of the kind usually termed by geologists Brown Coal ; yet the varieties of quality range from Lignite , but little removed from Peat , to Coal which in appearance and com- position ...
... seams known are of late Mesozoic or Tertiary age and of the kind usually termed by geologists Brown Coal ; yet the varieties of quality range from Lignite , but little removed from Peat , to Coal which in appearance and com- position ...
Стр. 78
... seams . Near Wangarei Harbour these beds cover an area of about 16 square miles , with two seams of coal , the upper 4 feet and the lower or main seam 6 feet to 10 feet thick . The coal is pitch coal of good quality and is worked at the ...
... seams . Near Wangarei Harbour these beds cover an area of about 16 square miles , with two seams of coal , the upper 4 feet and the lower or main seam 6 feet to 10 feet thick . The coal is pitch coal of good quality and is worked at the ...
Стр. 79
... seam of Brown Coal is found outcropping among green sandstores . Still more North at Mongonui coal outcrops are known ... seams , supposed to be of Lower Greensand age , and these are in turn overlaid by the Leda Marls , the lowest beds ...
... seam of Brown Coal is found outcropping among green sandstores . Still more North at Mongonui coal outcrops are known ... seams , supposed to be of Lower Greensand age , and these are in turn overlaid by the Leda Marls , the lowest beds ...
Стр. 82
... seams have been proved . Further south , from near Paringa River to Moore River , a district extending north to south 25 miles by about 8 miles wide , is occupied by coal measures , and an outcrop of good bituminous coal 12 feet thick ...
... seams have been proved . Further south , from near Paringa River to Moore River , a district extending north to south 25 miles by about 8 miles wide , is occupied by coal measures , and an outcrop of good bituminous coal 12 feet thick ...
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alluvial Ammonite animals Auckland auriferous balsam Bay of Islands Boulder Clay Brown Coal Buller River Bunter carbon cent chalk Cheshire Coal Field coal seams Coast Colliery Collingwood colony colour containing contorted copper Cromer crystals Darwin denudation deposits district drift Dun Mountain dwts emery Evolution examination existence facts feet thick Field Meeting Forest Bed formation fossil Free Library galena glacial glass gold gravels Gully HENRY BRAMALL Hill Inst iron L'pool laminated limestone Liverpool LIVERPOOL GEOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION lode manganese MARRAT masses Mellard Reade metallic miles mineral mining Natural Selection North occurs Ordinary Meeting origin Otago oxides Paper points present probably psilomelane pyrites pyrolusite quantities quartz quartz reefs Report River Road rocks sand sandstones schists Session shale shew silver slates sluicing South Island species specimen stibnite stone Street surface Tertiary theory tons varieties volcanic Waikato Wallasey West yield Zealand
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Стр. 41 - These laws, taken in the largest sense, being Growth with Reproduction ; Inheritance which is almost implied by reproduction ; Variability from the indirect and direct action of the conditions of life, and from use and disuse: a Ratio of Increase so high as to lead to a Struggle for Life, and as a consequence to Natural Selection, entailing Divergence of Character and the Extinction of less-improved forms. Thus, from the war of nature, from famine and death, the most exalted object which we are capable...
Стр. 43 - In short, we shall have to treat species in the same manner as those naturalists treat genera, who admit that genera are merely artificial combinations made for convenience. This may not be a cheering prospect ; but we shall at least be freed from the vain search for the undiscovered and undiscoverable essence of the term species.
Стр. 47 - It has been said that I speak of natural selection as an active power or Deity; but who objects to an author speaking of the attraction of gravity as ruling the movements of the planets? Every one knows what is meant and is implied by such metaphorical expressions; and they are almost necessary for brevity.
Стр. 42 - I believe that animals are descended from at most only four or five progenitors, and plants from an equal or lesser number. Analogy would lead me one step further, namely, to the belief that all animals and plants are descended from some one prototype. But analogy may be a deceitful guide.
Стр. 48 - For I am well aware that scarcely a single point is discussed in this volume on which facts cannot be adduced, often apparently leading to conclusions directly opposite to those at which I have arrived.
Стр. 46 - Let this process go on for millions of years; and during each year on millions of individuals of many kinds; and may we not believe that a living optical instrument might thus be formed as superior to one of glass, as the works of the Creator are to those of man?
Стр. 42 - I cannot doubt that the theory of descent with modification embraces all the members of the same great class or kingdom. I believe that animals are descended from at most only four or five progenitors, and plants from an equal or lesser number.
Стр. 49 - ... Obviously, if the earliest fossiliferous rocks now known are coeval with the commencement of life, and if their contents give us any just conception of the nature and the extent of the earliest fauna and flora, the insignificant amount of modification which can be demonstrated to have taken place in any one group of animals or plants is quite incompatible with the hypothesis that all living forms are the results of a necessary process of progressive development, entirely comprised within the...
Стр. 51 - Nothing can be more hopeless than to attempt to explain this similarity of pattern in members of the same class, by utility or by the doctrine of final causes. The hopelessness of the attempt has been expressly admitted by Owen in his most interesting work on the "Nature of Limbs.
Стр. 46 - Natural selection acts only by the preservation and accumulation of small inherited modifications, each profitable to the preserved being; and as modern geology has almost banished such views as the excavation of a great valley by a single diluvial wave, so will natural selection banish the belief of the continued creation of new organic beings, or of any great and sudden modification in their structure.