their rights as Englishmen. Their pleas for religious rights were caught up, reiterated, discussed and urged on the floor of Parliament; and then, by nat ural consequence, there followed the study, discussion, and assertion of civil rights, the cry against royal oppression and the plea for the rights of the people,— beginning with the loud remonstrance against purveyance, and culminating in the remarkable and triumphant struggle against monopolies.
We do not claim for the Elizabethan Puritans that they had well-defined and correct ideas of civil liberty. For example, the dispensing power of the sovereign- utterly in mockery of all legislation and practically a canker at the root of civil liberty - seems still to have been generally admitted, although by some in Elizabeth's last Parliament we think it was roundly questioned.1 Still the Puritans had progressed in an important degree toward that freedom which is now the glory of their fatherland. Not only had they persistently and" curiously scanned the prerogatives of princes, and greatly advanced the interests of THE PEOPLE," 2 but, against the will and the power of hierarchy and prince, they had advanced principles and assumed positions in Consistory and Parliament which erelong produced momentous results. FREE WORSHIP, FREE THINKING, FREE SPEECH, a FREE PRESS, and FREE TRADE, such were the aim, and such were destined to be the fruits, of their labor.
1 Ante, pp. 615-618, 624, 625. For the origin and nature of the dispensing power, the reader is
referred to Hume's History, Vol. IV. p. 424, Chap. LXX.
2 Bancroft, in Hicks, p. 303.
ABJURING the realm, iii. 564. Absolution in the English Church, ii. 263, note; iii. 576, note 2.
Acts, of Uniformity, i. 143; of Suprem- acy, 141; of " Thirty-two," 378 and note; 13 Eliz., Cap. 1, whereby cer- tain offences were made treason, 395; 13 Eliz., Cap. 2, against bringing in bulls, &c. from the See of Rome, 395, 396; 13 Eliz., Cap. 12, to reform dis- orders touching the ministers of the Church, 398, strained to enforce sub- scription, 407, 457; 1 and 2 Philip and Mary, against seditious words and ru- mors, ii. 147, 189, 194, note 7; 23 Eliz. Cap. 1, to retain the queen's subjects in their due obedience, 184-188, 191– 195; Cap. 2, against seditious words and rumors uttered against the queen, 188-195; 25 Henry VIII. Cap. 19, 384, 396.
"Act" at Oxford, 269, note; 27 Eliz., for the surety of her Majesty's person, 515, 518, 519; 27 Eliz., against Jesuits and Seminary priests, 516. Acts for general pardon, iii. 173, 174, note; 35 Eliz., for reducing disloyal subjects to due obedience, 560-565; 35 Eliz., against Popish recusants, 565 -567. Advertisements, Book of, i. 226; queen and Council refuse to ratify, 228. Advowson, right of, ii. 272, note. Admonition, "to Parliament," i. 414-418,
437, 487; a "second admonition,” 448; proclamation against, 451; "to the no- bility and people of England and Ire- land," iii. 192, note, 193, note. แ Agnus Dei," i. 396, note. Alasco, John, i. 48 and note.
Altars removed under Edward VI., i. 63. Anabaptists, definition of, ii. 13, note; German, 14, note; burned, 16. Anderson, Lord Chief Justice, his inde- cent and illegal proceedings in eccle- siastical cases, iii. 579.
Anjou, Duke of, proposed as Elizabeth's husband, ii. 133, 134; negotiations for their marriage, 135, 140, 157; his court- ship, 134, 140, 157. Apocrypha, i. 427, note 4; Puritan ob- jections to, ii. 357; reading of, directed contrary to statute, 454, 483. Apparel, priestly, disliked by Elizabeth's first bishops, clergy, and some of her courtiers, i. 179 and note, 193, 205, 206 and note; objections to, 40-46, 179, note, 220, note, 312, 313, 318; re- fused, 219; disliked by Elizabeth's ecclesiastical commissioners, 220; Pu- ritan argument against, 221–223, 318; orders respecting, 226, 227, note; not objected to by Puritans, if not Popish, 220, 221, 259, 326; not trifles, 40-45, 220, note, 312, 313, 318, 320-323 and note, 474; so considered by Elizabeth, 547-549. See "Vestments." Apparitors, ii. 248.
Archbishopric of Canterbury under Elizabeth, offered to David White- head and refused, i. 175, 178, note; to Nicholas Wotton, and refused, 178, note.
Arden, Edward, executed for plotting against the queen's life, ii. 498. Armada, the Spanish, iii. 188 -- 208. Articles, Statute of the Six, i. 19-21. Articles of Religion, reduced to thirty- nine, adopted by convocation, ratified by Parliament, and how, 206, note,
398; subscribed by Popish priests 218; Whitgift's three articles, ii. 349; contrary to statute, 454 and note. Assemblies, religious and private, forbid- den by proclamation, i. 214, 486. Association, the Leicester, ii. 511-514; sanctioned by Parliament, 515. Aylmer, John, his "Harbor for Faithful Subjects," i. 31; his tirade against women, 254; his attack upon bishops, ii. 232; confirmed Bishop of London, 91; cures the queen's toothache, 97; his severity, 161, 162, blamed by Lord Burleigh, 233, 235, but continued, 237, 250, 251; his letter to the queen, 249; his letter to the Lord Mayor, 252; en- tertains an Irish priest, 256-263; his persecution of Barnaby Benison, 438, note; his severities, iii. 31; apology for his unclerical behavior, 284 and notes; his blasphemous pun, 291, note 2; his servility, 356, 357; his agency in the conviction of Barrow and Green- wood, 544; his death, 576.
Babington, Anthony, iii. 90-101, 109,
Ballard, John, iii. 79, 88, 92, 100, 109, 119.
Bancroft, Dr. Richard, his sermon at
Paul's Cross, iii. 330 – 334. Baptism, sign of the cross in, i. 193, note; insures salvation, ii. 359, 360, 367.
Barnes, Robert, i. 173, note. Barrow, Henry, his dissolute life and reformation, iii. 445-449; a leader of the Independents, 454; his arrest and examination, 456-463; charged with opinions, 463; liberation and his sec- ond arrest, 466-470; led forth for execution, but reprieved, 504, 505; indicted for his writings in prison, 506, 507; exhorted to recant, 509; his speech on the gallows, 511; reprieved, 512; executed, 513; his execution, his execution, why delayed, and why effected, 514, 515; executed for his opinions, 517, 518. Bartholomew's Fair, i. 154; evening fes- tival of, 161, 162; massacre of Prot- estants in France on Bartholomew's day, 458.
Beal, Robert, his remarks upon the
Book of Common Prayer, ii. 380, note; his opinion of the ecclesiastical com- missions, 390, 392; his controversy with Whitgift, 411-417; accused be- fore the Privy Council, iii. 21; in the House of Commons, attacks the bish- ops, 555.
Bell, Robert, his protest in Parliament against monopolies, i. 386; roughly handled by Privy Council, 387; chosen Speaker of the Commons, 423; his de- cease, ii. 167.
Benison, Barnaby, his persecution by Aylmer, ii. 439, note.
Beza, Theodore, deprecates separation from the English Church, i. 367. Bible, English, i. 19, 24, 173, note 1; remarkable misinterpretations of, 428, note; no standard of church disci- pline, 449. Bishops, how appointed, i. 31, note 3, 148; new, under Elizabeth, 198, 201 ; suffragans, 199, note; their authority questioned, 410, note; lordship of, Archbishop Parker's argument for, 472, 473, 477; upbraided for not en- forcing uniformity, 488; in the primi- tive Church unlike those in the English Church, 517; their illegal proceedings, 227, 407, 527, 533, 540; ii. 476; their representations of the Puritans, 346, 347; claim infallibility for the Book of Common Prayer and for the Book of Ordination, 369; their conferences with Puritans, 356-369; their scur- rility, iii. 32, 34, 35, 235, 301; exposed to a præmunire, 275, 276, note; di- vine right of, ii. 242, note; iii. 333 – 347; some loathed persecution of Pu- ritans, 363; an offence against them an offence against the queen, 426; in- troduce a bill making Puritans felons, 515, 516 and note; oppose the sanctifi- cation of the Sabbath, 596. Blagrave, William, a Popish priest, dis- covered and hung, i. 339, 340. 'Bloody Statute,” i. 21. Blount, Christopher, iii. 81, 221, 224
marries the Countess of Leicester, 225. Bonfires, meaning of, i. 162, note. Bonham and Crane (Separatists), ii. 298, note, 341, note. Bonner, Bishop of London, exults over Elizabeth's church establishment, i. 184, 185; his death and burial, 356, 357.
Book of Advertisements. See "Adver-
Book of Common Prayer, i. 23, 25, 63, 64; compiled from Popish books, 315, 320; Elizabeth's not established by the Church, 205, note; subscribed by Popish priests, 218; acceptable to Papists, 321, 340; assent to, required as wholly according to the Word of God, 495, but refused, 520, 521; dif- ferences of different editions, ii. 356, 380, note, 454, note, 483; Elizabeth's first, contrary to statute, 454 and note; infallibility claimed for it, 369, 379; a new one offered in the Commons to be established, 462, but rejected, 463. Book of Ordination, ii. 349, note; infalli- bility claimed for it by the bishops, 369, 379.
Books, Popish, against Queen Elizabeth and her government, i. 339. Borgarrucci, Julio, his plea with Leices-
ter against Archbishop Grindal, ii. 43 -50; engages to poison the Earl of Essex and the Lady Douglass, 51; his character, 52, note.
Boucher, Joan, i. 37, note.
Bound, Dr. Nicholas, his book on the Sabbath and its influence, iii. 591– 593, 596.
Bowing at the name of Jesus, objection to, i. 179, note.
Boys, Edward, his house violated, iii. 477–481.
Brayne, Edward, prosecuted by Whit- gift, ii. 418, 426; mistaken for Robert Brown, 296, note.
missioners for enforcing uniformity, 489, 490, 492; his sympathy with the Puritans, 492; objects to severities to sustain ceremonies, ii. 233-235; blamed for not staying Whitgift's proceedings, 417; denounces Whitgift's articles of inquisition, 421, 422, 425, 437; inter- feres in behalf of Robert Brown, 287, 296 and note 5, 297, note 2, 299; re- jects the doctrine of the divine right of bishops, iii. 346; intercedes for Cart- wright and others, 376, 377; befriends Robert Cawdrey, 404, 405; indignant at the decision of the judges against Cawdrey, 414; his anger at the inhu- man treatment of Barrow and Green- wood, 514; his sickness, death, and character, 597 – 605.
Bury St. Edmond's, ii. 281.
Calvin, John, his letter to the church at Frankfort, i. 89, 90; attempts ecclesias- tical union of all Protestants, 331, note; his use of the oath ex officio, ii. 398, note; his view of the Sabbath, iii. 586. Campian, Edward, his journey to Lon- don, ii. 197; his history and character, 198, note; his arrest, 205; his trial, 209-212; his execution, 212–215; his treasonable purpose, 227, note. Canon law, i. 310, note; ordered to be revised and purged, 378 and note, ii. 384; in use only by permission, ib. Canons for enforcing uniformity, i. 405,
Bread, sacramental, wafer form of, i. 521; Carew, Thomas, iii. 33-36.
Briant, a priest, his execution, ii. 219. Bridges, John, iii. 273, 275, 279 and note. Brown, Robert, ii. 284 – 302. Brownists, their opinions and character, ii. 302 - 315. Bucer, Martin, i. 48.
Bull, Papal, against heretics, i. 338; of excommunication against Elizabeth, 263; how regarded by English Catho- lics, 364, 366; how, by the queen, 365. Bullinger, Henry, i. 48; his letter about the priestly garments, 304; his view of the Sabbath, iii. 585, 586, note 4. Burleigh, Lord William, desirous of the execution of the Queen of Scots, i. 427, 429 and note; his address to com-
Carter, William, executed for high trea- son, ii. 499, 500. Cartwright, Thomas, attacks the consti- tution of the Church, i. 410; expelled from Cambridge, 412; goes abroad, 413; returns, 448; his "second admo- nition to Parliament," 449; his con- troversy with Whitgift, 448-451; con- ceals himself, 451; order for his arrest, 452; retires abroad, 453; opposed sep- aration, ii. 342, note; his "Confutation of the Rhenish Testament," iii. 350, 359-361, 573; his return, 351; his plea for justice, 353, note 2; arrest, liberation, and conference with Whit- gift, 355-358; master of Warwick Hospital, 358; charged with disturb-
ing the peace of the Church, 359; re- vises the "Book of Discipline," 361; charges against him, 373; imprisoned, 374; disavows Martin Marprelate, 374; before the High Commissioners, re- fuses the oath ex officio, 375; slander against him, 375, note; offers to clear himself by oath from specific charges, 376; illegality of his imprisonment, 377; before the Star-Chamber, 380, 381, 390; his prosecution fails, 393, 399; his treatment by the High Com- missioners, 382-390; his sufferings in prison, 382, 394, 570; his conference with Barrow and Greenwood, 509, note 6; his release from prison, 571, 572; his death and character, 349, 350, 352, 573.
Catholics, approve the English liturgy,
i. 321, 340; beginning of their sepa- ration, 340; leniency towards them, 341, 345, 369, 457; their general de- fection from the English communion, 366; punished for mass-worship, 369; licensed to keep priests, 369; their controversy about Protestant worship, 366, note; means to entrap them, ii. 501; give sentence against the Queen of Scots, iii. 126, note, 138; their loy- alty, i. 361, iii. 214–216. Cawdrey, Robert, sequestered from his benefice, iii. 404, 405; brings an ac- tion to recover, 405; arguments on the case, 406-408; the ruling of the court considered, 409–413. Cecil, Sir William, Secretary of State
under Edward VI. and Elizabeth, i. 121; her confidential adviser, 243 and note. See "Burleigh." Ceremonies of the Church, objections to,
i. 32, note; disliked by Elizabeth's first bishops, 179, note, 193, clergy, 205, 235, courtiers, 206, ecclesiastical com- missioners, 220, and common people, 206; proposition in convocation to dis- pense with, lost by one vote, 206, note; acceptable to Papists, 321. Chadderton, Dr. William, advises against marriage, denounces women, i. 252 – 254; is married, 255. Chantries, i. 23, note.
Church, Protestant, under Queen Mary,
i. 127; Puritan theory of, 449, note; ecclesiastical unity of, revered by the Puritans, ii. 265; establishment of, de-
sired by the Puritans, i. 456; Church of England, her historic character, 542-544; identical with the State, 324, note, 330, 331, 476; refusing to come to church, penalties for, 144, 329 and note; national Church, how constituted, iii. 364, note. See "Es- tablishment.” Churches, Protestant, of foreigners in England, i. 48, 49, note, 62, 334, note; Churches, purging of, 155, 156. Civilians overcome by Puritans, iii. 583. Clergy, their scarcity at the beginning of Elizabeth's reign, i. 202, 209, 210; the bad character and deficiencies of some of the inferior, 368, 400, 439, 476; ii. 72, 171, 173, 174, 355, 434, 435, 458, 459; iii. 155 and note, 276; preaching clergy, scarcity of, ii. 163, 171, 172; iii. 155, 321; Puritan, their sufferings under ecclesiastical censures, i. 404, 496 and note, 497; equality of clergy, 469.
Coaches, when introduced into England, i. 159, 160, note.
Colleges, abroad, for English Catholics, i. 346-349. "Commencement" 269, note. Commissioners, special, to enforce uni- formity, i. 488; their severe proceed- ings, 494-497. See "Court of High Commission."
Common Prayer, Book of, i. 23; why constructed, 25; revised, 63, 64; how framed under Queen Elizabeth, and by whom, 177 and note; a compro- mise with the Catholics, 177, 179; com- piled from Popish manuals, 315, 320; Elizabeth's, not established by the Church, 205, note; subscribed by Pop- ish priests, 218; acceptable to Papists, 321, 340; form of Common Prayer, de- signed by Puritans, 449, note; assent to the established form of, as wholly ac- cording to the Word of God, required, 495, but refused, 520, 521; the book in use not authorized by law, ii. 454 and note.
Commons, House of, petition Elizabeth to marry, i. 136; their remarkable free- dom of speech, 283; again urge her to marriage, and to provide for the succession of the Crown, 290; their indignation at her inhibition of free
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