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their rights as Englishmen. Their pleas for religious rights were caught up, reiterated, discussed and urged on the floor of Parliament; and then, by nat ural consequence, there followed the study, discussion, and assertion of civil rights, the cry against royal oppression and the plea for the rights of the people,— beginning with the loud remonstrance against purveyance, and culminating in the remarkable and triumphant struggle against monopolies.

We do not claim for the Elizabethan Puritans that they had well-defined and correct ideas of civil liberty. For example, the dispensing power of the sovereign- utterly in mockery of all legislation and practically a canker at the root of civil liberty - seems still to have been generally admitted, although by some in Elizabeth's last Parliament we think it was roundly questioned.1 Still the Puritans had progressed in an important degree toward that freedom which is now the glory of their fatherland. Not only had they persistently and" curiously scanned the prerogatives of princes, and greatly advanced the interests of THE PEOPLE," 2 but, against the will and the power of hierarchy and prince, they had advanced principles and assumed positions in Consistory and Parliament which erelong produced momentous results. FREE WORSHIP, FREE THINKING, FREE SPEECH, a FREE PRESS, and FREE TRADE, such were the aim, and such were destined to be the fruits, of their labor.

1 Ante, pp. 615-618, 624, 625. For the origin and nature of the dispensing power, the reader is

referred to Hume's History, Vol. IV. p. 424, Chap. LXX.

2 Bancroft, in Hicks, p. 303.

INDEX.

A.

ABJURING the realm, iii. 564.
Absolution in the English Church, ii.
263, note; iii. 576, note 2.

Acts, of Uniformity, i. 143; of Suprem-
acy, 141; of " Thirty-two," 378 and
note;
13 Eliz., Cap. 1, whereby cer-
tain offences were made treason, 395;
13 Eliz., Cap. 2, against bringing in
bulls, &c. from the See of Rome, 395,
396; 13 Eliz., Cap. 12, to reform dis-
orders touching the ministers of the
Church, 398, strained to enforce sub-
scription, 407, 457; 1 and 2 Philip and
Mary, against seditious words and ru-
mors, ii. 147, 189, 194, note 7; 23 Eliz.
Cap. 1, to retain the queen's subjects
in their due obedience, 184-188, 191–
195; Cap. 2, against seditious words
and rumors uttered against the queen,
188-195; 25 Henry VIII. Cap. 19, 384,
396.

"Act" at Oxford, 269, note; 27
Eliz., for the surety of her Majesty's
person, 515, 518, 519; 27 Eliz., against
Jesuits and Seminary priests, 516.
Acts for general pardon, iii. 173, 174,
note; 35 Eliz., for reducing disloyal
subjects to due obedience, 560-565;
35 Eliz., against Popish recusants, 565
-567.
Advertisements, Book of, i. 226; queen
and Council refuse to ratify, 228.
Advowson, right of, ii. 272, note.
Admonition, "to Parliament," i. 414-418,

437, 487; a "second admonition,” 448;
proclamation against, 451; "to the no-
bility and people of England and Ire-
land," iii. 192, note, 193, note.
แ Agnus Dei," i. 396, note.
Alasco, John, i. 48 and note.

Altars removed under Edward VI., i. 63.
Anabaptists, definition of, ii. 13, note;
German, 14, note; burned, 16.
Anderson, Lord Chief Justice, his inde-
cent and illegal proceedings in eccle-
siastical cases, iii. 579.

Anjou, Duke of, proposed as Elizabeth's
husband, ii. 133, 134; negotiations for
their marriage, 135, 140, 157; his court-
ship, 134, 140, 157.
Apocrypha, i. 427, note 4; Puritan ob-
jections to, ii. 357; reading of, directed
contrary to statute, 454, 483.
Apparel, priestly, disliked by Elizabeth's
first bishops, clergy, and some of her
courtiers, i. 179 and note, 193, 205,
206 and note; objections to, 40-46,
179, note, 220, note, 312, 313, 318; re-
fused, 219; disliked by Elizabeth's
ecclesiastical commissioners, 220; Pu-
ritan argument against, 221–223, 318;
orders respecting, 226, 227, note; not
objected to by Puritans, if not Popish,
220, 221, 259, 326; not trifles, 40-45,
220, note, 312, 313, 318, 320-323 and
note, 474; so considered by Elizabeth,
547-549. See "Vestments."
Apparitors, ii. 248.

Archbishopric of Canterbury under
Elizabeth, offered to David White-
head and refused, i. 175, 178, note; to
Nicholas Wotton, and refused, 178,
note.

Arden, Edward, executed for plotting
against the queen's life, ii. 498.
Armada, the Spanish, iii. 188 -- 208.
Articles, Statute of the Six, i. 19-21.
Articles of Religion, reduced to thirty-
nine, adopted by convocation, ratified
by Parliament, and how, 206, note,

398; subscribed by Popish priests
218; Whitgift's three articles, ii. 349;
contrary to statute, 454 and note.
Assemblies, religious and private, forbid-
den by proclamation, i. 214, 486.
Association, the Leicester, ii. 511-514;
sanctioned by Parliament, 515.
Aylmer, John, his "Harbor for Faithful
Subjects," i. 31; his tirade against
women, 254; his attack upon bishops,
ii. 232; confirmed Bishop of London,
91; cures the queen's toothache, 97;
his severity, 161, 162, blamed by Lord
Burleigh, 233, 235, but continued, 237,
250, 251; his letter to the queen, 249;
his letter to the Lord Mayor, 252; en-
tertains an Irish priest, 256-263; his
persecution of Barnaby Benison, 438,
note; his severities, iii. 31; apology
for his unclerical behavior, 284 and
notes; his blasphemous pun, 291, note
2; his servility, 356, 357; his agency
in the conviction of Barrow and Green-
wood, 544; his death, 576.

B.

Babington, Anthony, iii. 90-101, 109,

119.

Ballard, John, iii. 79, 88, 92, 100, 109,
119.

Bancroft, Dr. Richard, his sermon at

Paul's Cross, iii. 330 – 334.
Baptism, sign of the cross in, i. 193,
note; insures salvation, ii. 359, 360,
367.

Barnes, Robert, i. 173, note.
Barrow, Henry, his dissolute life and
reformation, iii. 445-449; a leader of
the Independents, 454; his arrest and
examination, 456-463; charged with
opinions, 463; liberation and his sec-
ond arrest, 466-470; led forth for
execution, but reprieved, 504, 505;
indicted for his writings in prison,
506, 507; exhorted to recant, 509; his
speech on the gallows, 511; reprieved,
512; executed, 513; his execution,
his execution,
why delayed, and why effected, 514,
515; executed for his opinions, 517, 518.
Bartholomew's Fair, i. 154; evening fes-
tival of, 161, 162; massacre of Prot-
estants in France on Bartholomew's
day, 458.

Beal, Robert, his remarks upon the

Book of Common Prayer, ii. 380, note;
his opinion of the ecclesiastical com-
missions, 390, 392; his controversy
with Whitgift, 411-417; accused be-
fore the Privy Council, iii. 21; in the
House of Commons, attacks the bish-
ops, 555.

Bell, Robert, his protest in Parliament
against monopolies, i. 386; roughly
handled by Privy Council, 387; chosen
Speaker of the Commons, 423; his de-
cease, ii. 167.

Benison, Barnaby, his persecution by
Aylmer, ii. 439, note.

Beza, Theodore, deprecates separation
from the English Church, i. 367.
Bible, English, i. 19, 24, 173, note 1;
remarkable misinterpretations of, 428,
note; no standard of church disci-
pline, 449.
Bishops, how appointed, i. 31, note 3,
148; new,
under Elizabeth, 198, 201 ;
suffragans, 199, note; their authority
questioned, 410, note; lordship of,
Archbishop Parker's argument for,
472, 473, 477; upbraided for not en-
forcing uniformity, 488; in the primi-
tive Church unlike those in the English
Church, 517; their illegal proceedings,
227, 407, 527, 533, 540; ii. 476; their
representations of the Puritans, 346,
347; claim infallibility for the Book
of Common Prayer and for the Book
of Ordination, 369; their conferences
with Puritans, 356-369; their scur-
rility, iii. 32, 34, 35, 235, 301; exposed
to a præmunire, 275, 276, note; di-
vine right of, ii. 242, note; iii. 333 –
347; some loathed persecution of Pu-
ritans, 363; an offence against them
an offence against the queen, 426; in-
troduce a bill making Puritans felons,
515, 516 and note; oppose the sanctifi-
cation of the Sabbath, 596.
Blagrave, William, a Popish priest, dis-
covered and hung, i. 339, 340.
'Bloody Statute,” i. 21.
Blount, Christopher, iii. 81, 221, 224

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marries the Countess of Leicester, 225.
Bonfires, meaning of, i. 162, note.
Bonham and Crane (Separatists), ii. 298,
note, 341, note.
Bonner, Bishop of London, exults over
Elizabeth's church establishment, i.
184, 185; his death and burial, 356, 357.

Book of Advertisements. See "Adver-

tisements.'

Book of Common Prayer, i. 23, 25,
63, 64; compiled from Popish books,
315, 320; Elizabeth's not established
by the Church, 205, note; subscribed
by Popish priests, 218; acceptable to
Papists, 321, 340; assent to, required
as wholly according to the Word of
God, 495, but refused, 520, 521; dif-
ferences of different editions, ii. 356,
380, note, 454, note, 483; Elizabeth's
first, contrary to statute, 454 and note;
infallibility claimed for it, 369, 379; a
new one offered in the Commons to be
established, 462, but rejected, 463.
Book of Ordination, ii. 349, note; infalli-
bility claimed for it by the bishops,
369, 379.

Books, Popish, against Queen Elizabeth
and her government, i. 339.
Borgarrucci, Julio, his plea with Leices-

ter against Archbishop Grindal, ii. 43
-50; engages to poison the Earl of
Essex and the Lady Douglass, 51; his
character, 52, note.

Boucher, Joan, i. 37, note.

Bound, Dr. Nicholas, his book on the
Sabbath and its influence, iii. 591–
593, 596.

Bowing at the name of Jesus, objection
to, i. 179, note.

Boys, Edward, his house violated, iii.
477–481.

Brayne, Edward, prosecuted by Whit-
gift, ii. 418, 426; mistaken for Robert
Brown, 296, note.

missioners for enforcing uniformity,
489, 490, 492; his sympathy with the
Puritans, 492; objects to severities to
sustain ceremonies, ii. 233-235; blamed
for not staying Whitgift's proceedings,
417; denounces Whitgift's articles of
inquisition, 421, 422, 425, 437; inter-
feres in behalf of Robert Brown, 287,
296 and note 5, 297, note 2, 299; re-
jects the doctrine of the divine right
of bishops, iii. 346; intercedes for Cart-
wright and others, 376, 377; befriends
Robert Cawdrey, 404, 405; indignant
at the decision of the judges against
Cawdrey, 414; his anger at the inhu-
man treatment of Barrow and Green-
wood, 514; his sickness, death, and
character, 597 – 605.

.

Bury St. Edmond's, ii. 281.

C.

Calvin, John, his letter to the church at
Frankfort, i. 89, 90; attempts ecclesias-
tical union of all Protestants, 331, note;
his use of the oath ex officio, ii. 398,
note; his view of the Sabbath, iii. 586.
Campian, Edward, his journey to Lon-
don, ii. 197; his history and character,
198, note; his arrest, 205; his trial,
209-212; his execution, 212–215; his
treasonable purpose, 227, note.
Canon law, i. 310, note; ordered to be
revised and purged, 378 and note, ii.
384; in use only by permission, ib.
Canons for enforcing uniformity, i. 405,

406.

Bread, sacramental, wafer form of, i. 521; Carew, Thomas, iii. 33-36.

ii. 164 and note.

Briant, a priest, his execution, ii. 219.
Bridges, John, iii. 273, 275, 279 and note.
Brown, Robert, ii. 284 – 302.
Brownists, their opinions and character,
ii. 302 - 315.
Bucer, Martin, i. 48.

Bull, Papal, against heretics, i. 338; of
excommunication against Elizabeth,
263; how regarded by English Catho-
lics, 364, 366; how, by the queen, 365.
Bullinger, Henry, i. 48; his letter about
the priestly garments, 304; his view
of the Sabbath, iii. 585, 586, note 4.
Burleigh, Lord William, desirous of the
execution of the Queen of Scots, i. 427,
429 and note; his address to com-

Carter, William, executed for high trea-
son, ii. 499, 500.
Cartwright, Thomas, attacks the consti-
tution of the Church, i. 410; expelled
from Cambridge, 412; goes abroad,
413; returns, 448; his "second admo-
nition to Parliament," 449; his con-
troversy with Whitgift, 448-451; con-
ceals himself, 451; order for his arrest,
452; retires abroad, 453; opposed sep-
aration, ii. 342, note; his "Confutation
of the Rhenish Testament," iii. 350,
359-361, 573; his return, 351; his
plea for justice, 353, note 2; arrest,
liberation, and conference with Whit-
gift, 355-358; master of Warwick
Hospital, 358; charged with disturb-

ing the peace of the Church, 359; re-
vises the "Book of Discipline," 361;
charges against him, 373; imprisoned,
374; disavows Martin Marprelate, 374;
before the High Commissioners, re-
fuses the oath ex officio, 375; slander
against him, 375, note; offers to clear
himself by oath from specific charges,
376; illegality of his imprisonment,
377; before the Star-Chamber, 380,
381, 390; his prosecution fails, 393,
399; his treatment by the High Com-
missioners, 382-390; his sufferings in
prison, 382, 394, 570; his conference
with Barrow and Greenwood, 509, note
6; his release from prison, 571, 572;
his death and character, 349, 350, 352,
573.

Catholics, approve the English liturgy,

i. 321, 340; beginning of their sepa-
ration, 340; leniency towards them,
341, 345, 369, 457; their general de-
fection from the English communion,
366; punished for mass-worship, 369;
licensed to keep priests, 369; their
controversy about Protestant worship,
366, note; means to entrap them, ii.
501; give sentence against the Queen
of Scots, iii. 126, note, 138; their loy-
alty, i. 361, iii. 214–216.
Cawdrey, Robert, sequestered from his
benefice, iii. 404, 405; brings an ac-
tion to recover, 405; arguments on
the case, 406-408; the ruling of the
court considered, 409–413.
Cecil, Sir William, Secretary of State

under Edward VI. and Elizabeth, i.
121; her confidential adviser, 243 and
note. See "Burleigh."
Ceremonies of the Church, objections to,

i. 32, note; disliked by Elizabeth's first
bishops, 179, note, 193, clergy, 205,
235, courtiers, 206, ecclesiastical com-
missioners, 220, and common people,
206; proposition in convocation to dis-
pense with, lost by one vote, 206, note;
acceptable to Papists, 321.
Chadderton, Dr. William, advises against
marriage, denounces women, i. 252 –
254; is married, 255.
Chantries, i. 23, note.

Church, Protestant, under Queen Mary,

i. 127; Puritan theory of, 449, note;
ecclesiastical unity of, revered by the
Puritans, ii. 265; establishment of, de-

sired by the Puritans, i. 456; Church
of England, her historic character,
542-544; identical with the State,
324, note, 330, 331, 476; refusing to
come to church, penalties for, 144,
329 and note; national Church, how
constituted, iii. 364, note. See "Es-
tablishment.”
Churches, Protestant, of foreigners in
England, i. 48, 49, note, 62, 334, note;
Churches, purging of, 155, 156.
Civilians overcome by Puritans, iii. 583.
Clergy, their scarcity at the beginning
of Elizabeth's reign, i. 202, 209, 210;
the bad character and deficiencies of
some of the inferior, 368, 400, 439, 476;
ii. 72, 171, 173, 174, 355, 434, 435, 458,
459; iii. 155 and note, 276; preaching
clergy, scarcity of, ii. 163, 171, 172;
iii. 155, 321; Puritan, their sufferings
under ecclesiastical censures, i. 404,
496 and note, 497; equality of clergy,
469.

Coaches, when introduced into England,
i. 159, 160, note.

at Cambridge, ii.

Colleges, abroad, for English Catholics,
i. 346-349.
"Commencement"
269, note.
Commissioners, special, to enforce uni-
formity, i. 488; their severe proceed-
ings, 494-497. See "Court of High
Commission."

Common Prayer, Book of, i. 23; why
constructed, 25; revised, 63, 64; how
framed under Queen Elizabeth, and
by whom, 177 and note; a compro-
mise with the Catholics, 177, 179; com-
piled from Popish manuals, 315, 320;
Elizabeth's, not established by the
Church, 205, note; subscribed by Pop-
ish priests, 218; acceptable to Papists,
321, 340; form of Common Prayer, de-
signed by Puritans, 449, note; assent to
the established form of, as wholly ac-
cording to the Word of God, required,
495, but refused, 520, 521; the book in
use not authorized by law, ii. 454 and
note.

Commons, House of, petition Elizabeth
to marry, i. 136; their remarkable free-
dom of speech, 283; again urge her
to marriage, and to provide for the
succession of the Crown, 290; their
indignation at her inhibition of free

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