1688. PARTI English feamen, contributing thus to remove from the Book V. minds of the Dutch the only terror they had in invading England, Ruffel, at this important crifis, fubmitted to the duties of a meffenger, failing often between England and Holland, to preserve the communication between the parties of both countries. Lord Mordaunt, with the impetuofity of mind which carried him in a fucceeding reign triumphantly through Spain, was the first of the English nobility who quitted England, attached himself to the Prince, and preffed him to an expedition into England: Yet with that fingularity of character which made him do every thing in a different way from every other man, the method he took to join the Prince was, by accepting the command of a Dutch fquadron to the Weft Indies, and returning in it to Holland. He was followed by Lord Shrewsbury, who threw up his regiment, mortgaged his eftate for 40,000l. and offered his fword and fortune to the Prince. With more art Lord Danby managed the Prince's interefts with the tories, the Bishop of London with the church, and the Earl of Devonshire +, known formerly by the name of Lord Cavendish, but more by his generous friendship for the unfortunate Lord Ruffel, with many of the whigs. The Earl of Manchefter waited on the Prince, and returned to make preparations for his arrival. Danby's fon, Lord Dumblain, who had a frigate of his own, employed it in carrying money, and, what was more valuable, his father's counsels, into Holland. The Marquis of Winchester sent his two fons to attend him on his voyage, judging with a Roman and with an English spirit, that it was juft the fate of his family and of his country fhould go together. Inflamed by the example, his nephew, Mr. Howe, joined the Prince, and carried many letters with him from England. Burnet, vol. 1. p. 762. + Duke of Devonshire's patent in Collins, p. 325. Lord Book V. 1688. Lord Danby and Lord Devonshire infinuated fufpicions of PART 1. the birth of the Prince of Wales, to the Prince and Princefs. The Princefs Anne, in fome expreffions of her letters to her fifter, confirmed those suspicions, while yet in others, the betrayed a tenderness for her brother; proving this folid truth in the hiftory of the human mind, that although a woman may fometimes lofe principle, fhe feldom lofes fentiment *. But Herbert was the firft †, who, with the bluntnefs of a feaman, preffed the Prince of Orange to lay afide ceremony, and attack the legitimacy of the Prince of Wales. After his arrival, which was in the month of July, in the year 1688 1, the Prince of Wales was prayed for no longer in the Prince of Orange's chapel. The honour of fuggefting to the Prince that the fame and abilities of Marechal Schomberg fhould be called to his affiftance, is due to Lord Mountagu, fo remarkable in a former period of these Memoirs for his intrigues with France; he fuggefted it to Sidney, and Sidney to the Prince . Lord Drumlanrig §, fon to the Duke of Queensberry, and Sir John Dalrymple, fon to Lord Stair, the one at London, the other at Edinburgh, managed the intercourfe with their own countrymen. The Earl of Argyle, though an exile, and attainted, prepared his own tribe to fight against a family which had put the father and grandfather of their chieftain to death. The Duke of Queensberry's brother, General Douglafs, who commanded the Scotch army, engaged either to shake its loyalty, or to render that loyalty ineffectual. Mr. Fletcher, of Salton, who was then ferving as a volunteer in Hungary, haftened to Holland, and, without being folicited, or foliciting others, was ready with his • Vide the Princefs Anne's letters in the Appendix to this Book, No. VIII. + D'Avaux. Ibid. 20th July, 22d July. Vide Sidney's letter of June 30, 1688, in Appendix to this Book, and Mountagu's letter to the Prince, of May 18, 1694, in a subsequent part of thefe Memoirs, Lord Balcarras, fword, PART I 1688. A few months after, the Prince took a more public way to gain popularity with thofe to whom he could not privately address himself, but without appearing to affect it James; had employed Stuart, Lord Melfort's fecretary, whom Fagel, on account of the eminence of his parts, had long honoured with his friendship, to prevail with Fagel to advife the Prince and Princess to join their interefts with the King's for the abolition of the tests and Jan. 1688. pénal laws. Fagel, upon this, wrote in the Prince's name to Stuart, "That the Prince was willing to con"cur in any laws for liberty of confcience; but that he "would never confent to the repeal of the tefts, which, "by confining public offices to thofe of the national re<ligion, were the fureft barriers against popery." A declaration of fentiments which pleased the Church of England, gained the diffenters, and, if it provoked the Roman Catholics, provoked those only whom the Prince knew to be already his enemies. The letter was inftantly printed and dispersed through every part of Holland and of the British dominions. Stuart, in a publication, denied that the correspondence was authorised by the King, but in a way which betrayed that it was *. But the petition and imprisonment of the Bishops fet the spirits of men, which were moving only flowly before, in a ferment in an inftant. After that period, the connection of the Prince of Orange with the friends of liberty was carried on chiefly by Admiral Ruffel, created afterwards Earl of Orford, and Henry Sidney, created afterwards Earl of Romney, brother to the famous and unfortunate Algernoon Sidney, until the birth of the Prince of Wales +. Three years after Stuart was made Lord Advocate for Scotland by King William, upon Sir John Dalrymple's being appointed secretary of state. Fagel's Letter is dated in January 1688, and D'Avaux mentions the publication in his letter of 8th January that year. The correfpondence between the time of Dykvelt's return to Holland and the petition of the Bishops, which is in King William's cabinet, is to be found in the Appendix, No. VI. But Book V. 1688. But upon this laft event, the careless unfufpected air PARTI of Count Zuleistein was a second time made choice of for an embafly to England. Under the pretence of being sent to felicitate the King upon the birth of the young Prince, he returned in a few weeks, with preffing folicitations from many of the most confiderable perfons in Britain to come over with an armed force, in order to 'call his legitimacy in question *. The original associa tion, for which the Prince long waited, and without which he determined not to go, is in King William's cabinet: It is dated 30th June 1688, and is figned by Lord Devonshire, Lord Danby, Lord Shrewsbury, Lord Lumley, the Bishop of London, Admiral Ruffell, and Mr. Sidney. Immortal feven, to whom Britain owes her prefent liberty and grandeur +. It is difficult to name with certainty all the other persons who invited the Prince into England; and to name a few, might appear to detract from the honour of the reft, though unjustly: For, while other great revolutions of ftate have been the confequence of long intrigue, or the effects of inftant revenge, the favour which the Prince's enterprise found in Britain sprang from the impulfe of reafon and liberty; an impulse which affected almost the whole nation, though all had it not equally in their power to contribute to his fuccefs. But it is certain that the following perfons are those who at this great period exerted themfelves moft effectually in the service of the Prince. The Admirals Ruffel and Herbert, the one prompted by revenge for the death of his cousin Lord Ruffel, and the other by family. pride and his own spirit, spread difcontents among the The correspondence, from the time of the bishops prefenting their petition in the middle of May 1688, till the beginning of Auguft, when Mr, Sidney went finally to Holland, and Count Zuleiftein returned to it, relative to their intrigues, is to be found in the Appendix, No. VII. The papers are in King William's cabinet. † Vide Appendix, No. VII. C 2 English 1688. PART I English seamen, contributing thus to remove from the Book V. minds of the Dutch the only terror they had in invading England. Ruffel, at this important crifis, fubmitted to the duties of a meffenger, failing often between England and Holland, to preferve the communication between the parties of both countries. Lord Mordaunt, with the impetuofity of mind which carried him in a fucceeding reign triumphantly through Spain, was the firft* of the English nobility who quitted England, attached himself to the Prince, and preffed him to an expedition into England: Yet with that fingularity of character which made him do every thing in a different way from every other man, the method he took to join the Prince was, by accepting the command of a Dutch squadron to the West Indies, and returning in it to Holland. He was followed by Lord Shrewsbury, who threw up his regiment, mortgaged his eftate for 40,000l. and offered his fword and fortune to the Prince. With more art Lord Danby managed the Prince's interefts with the tories, the Bishop of London with the church, and the Earl of Devonshire †, known formerly by the name of Lord Cavendish, but more by his generous friendship for the unfortunate Lord Ruffel, with many of the whigs. The Earl of Manchefter waited on the Prince, and returned to make preparations for his arrival. Danby's fon, Lord Dumblain, who had a frigate of his own, employed it in carrying money, and, what was more valuable, his father's counsels, into Holland. The Marquis of Winchester fent his two fons to attend him on his voyage, judging with a Roman and with an English spirit, that it was juft the fate of his family and of his country fhould go together. Inflamed by the example, his nephew, Mr. Howe, joined the Prince, and carried many letters with him from England. * Burnet, vol. 1. p. 762. + Duke of Devonshire's patent in Collins, p. 325. Lord |