Elementary Statistical Methods

amount appears approximately average called Chapter chart coefficient column computation considered correlation corresponding cumulative curve digits discussed divided drawn effect equal equation error estimate expressed Figure formula frequency distribution given heading height histogram illustrated important increase indicate individual interval larger less limits lower marked mathematical mean measure median method mode multiplied normal curve Note observed obtained origin pair particular percentage percentile person placed population position present probability problems quotient random range rank recorded reference regression relationship represented result sample scale scores selected shown significant square standard deviation statistical step student Suppose symbol Table Teachers term tion trait units universe usually variable variance variation zero ΣΧ