Analyze each of the following sentences: — MODEL. The rain fell in torrents, and the river, which received it, became swollen. This is a compound sentence. The first member is the simple proposition, "The rain fell in torrents"; the second member is the complex proposition, "the river, which received it, became swollen.": The principal clause in the second member is "the river became swollen," and the subordinate clause is "which received it." 1. We ran to the station when the whistle blew, but we were too late. 2. The train which we desired to take had started and we were left behind. 3. She entered the room, or I thought that she did. 4. The wind blew a gale; the rain fell in torrents, and the pupils could not go home when school was over. 5. The boys played games; then the girls recited some poems; and finally the teacher read to us until the rain ceased. 6. The invitation came on Monday; on Tuesday we accepted; and on Wednesday the picnic occurred. Every man desires to live long; but no man would be old. 3. The 1. We hunted the bear, but we never killed it. 2. The descending torrent overwhelmed the poor sailor, and he was drowned. wealthy gentleman's purse was stolen, and the robber escaped unpursued. From Lessons VII, IX, and XIX, select the simple, complex, and compound sentences, and point out their clauses and members. Allow me to introduce to you my friend, C. R. Hart, who is visiting your city on business. Any kindness or courtesy that you can show him will be heartily appreciated, I assure you, by Your sincere friend, James Croft. Study the punctuation of this letter of introduction, and write it from dictation. Write a note to your teacher, introducing a cousin who wishes to enter your school. To whom it may concern: May 30, 1900. She is neut, The bearer, Jane Clarke, has been housemaid in my family for eight months. polite, industrious, and honest. because I am moving to the wishes to remain in town. She leaves me country, and she I shall be glad to answer any questions about her. (Mrs.) L. C. Tappan. 48 Pearl St., Lawrence, Miss. Study this note of recommendation, and write it from dictation. Write a note recommending a governess who is leaving because her pupil is going to boarding school. XXXIV. CONJUNCTIONS John and Henry study algebra. In this sentence "and" joins, or connects, the two nouns "John" and "Henry." I will go, if you will stay. In this sentence "if" connects the two clauses "I will go " and "you will stay." Words used in this manner are called conjunctions. They may connect words, groups of words, or propositions. A conjunction is a word used to connect words, word groups, or propositions. Ex."John and Elisha are brothers." "I must go, but you may stay." Point out the conjunctions in the last two exercises. The conjunctions in the diagram are printed in italics. They should be underscored in written diagrams. Industry, honesty, and economy generally insure success. My father owns a factory and a steamboat. father | owns | factory and steamboat The soldiers fought bravely and successfully. The bravely and successfully Select the conjunctions in Lessons VII and XXXI. XXXV. COMPOSITION Write an exposition about the work of the sun, according to the following topics: — What kind of an element is "by and by"? Is it a clause? Can it be resolved into a word and its modifiers ? We sat in the house. What kind of an element is "in the house"? Is it a clause? Can it be resolved into a word and its modifiers ? Such an element is called a phrase. A phrase is a group of words which does not consist of a word with its modifiers, and which is not a clause, yet which forms a single element or expression; as, till lately; in haste; since then; little by little; to see; to be seen. Vessels sail on the ocean. In this sentence the phrase, "on the ocean," modifies "sail" by telling where the vessels sail. The word "on" connects ocean" with "sail," and is said to show the relation between them. 66 We reached the summit of the mountain. In this sentence "of" shows the relation between "mountain" and "summit." Words used in this manner are called prepositions. "Ocean" is called the object of the preposition "on"; 66 mountain is called the object of the preposition "of." A preposition is a word used to show the relation between its object and some other word; as, "He came from Troy." The preposition and its object form a phrase. Point out the prepositions in these sentences; tell their objects and the phrases they introduce: — 1. The boy fell over a chair into a tub of water. 2. I came from Boston to Cincinnati in 1875. 3. We rested by the roadside. 4. He walked up the valley toward the house of his friend. 5. Walk with me in the garden. 6. I went to the doctor for advice, but he was not at home. The phrase introduced by a preposition is diagrammed like one word. |