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3. And the people thirsted there will stand on the top of the hill, for water; * and the people múr- with the rod of God in mine hand. mured against Moses, and said, 10 So Joshua did as Moses had Wherefore is this that thou hast said to him, and fought with brought us up out of Egypt, to Amalek : and Moses, Aaron, and kill us and our children and our Hur, went up to the top of the cattle with thirst? .

hill. 4 And Moses cried unto the 11 And it came to pass when LORD, saying, What shall I do Moses held up his hand that Israel unto this people? they be almost prevailed: and when he let down ready to stone me.

his hand Amalek prevailed. 5 | And the LORD said unto 12 But Moses' hands were heavy, Moses, Go on before the people, and they took a stone and put it and take with thee of the elders under him, and he sat thereon: of Israel: § and thy rod, where- 'and Aaron and Hur stayed up his with thou smotest the river, take hands, the one on the one side in thine hand and go.

and the other on the other side; .| 6 Behold, I will stand before and his hands were steady until thee there upon the rock in Horeb: the going down of the sun. and thou shalt smite the rock, 13 And Joshua discomfited and there shall come water out of Amalek and his people with the it, that the people may drink. edge of the sword. And Moses did so, in the sight of 14 And the LORD said unto the elders of Israel.

Moses, Write this for a memorial 7 And he called the name of. in a book, and rchearse it in the the place Massah, and Meribah, ears of Joshua : for I will utterly because of the chiding of the child put out the remembrance of Amadren of Israel; and because they lek from under heaven. tempted the LORD, I saying, Is 15 And Moses built an altar, and the LORD among us, or not? - called the name of it JEHOVAH.

8 Then came Amalek, and fought nissi. with Israel in Rephidim.

16 For he said, Because the 9 And Moses said unto Joshua, LORD hath sworn, that the LORD Choose us out men, and go out, will have war with Amalek from fight with Amalek; to-morrow I generation to generation.

• The water they had brought from Elim was now spent, and they chid Moses for bringing them into such an inconvenient station, it being a dry sandy desert. Ś That they may be witnesses that thou dost really bring water out of the rock.

I shall here explain in what the tempting of the Lord consisted, which I think was in not carry. ing water with them from the last place; for, when men neglect endeavouring to save themselves by natural means, wholly depending on Providence, it may be said that they tempt the Lord.

|| Not that they held both his hands erect and joined togetber, for that would not be a fit posture for one holding a rod in his hand; but that Moses having shifted the rod from one hand to the utber, as was most convenient to him, Aaron and Hur, each of them successively, held up that hand which was next to them, that they also might relieve one another; by which means his bands were steady till the going down of the sun.

OBSERVATIONS ON CHAP. XVIII, The narrative, contained in this chapter, did not happen till the second year after i heir issuing out of Egypt, as appears in Numbers, chap. x. but is placed here to draw a comparative view of the behaviour of Jethro and the Amalekites, notwithstanding he and his family lived among them, as appears in first Samuel, chap. xv. ver. 6. although he is there described by the name of the Kenite; but he is of the same family, as we see in Judges, chap. iv, ver. 11. and this narrative, being inserted here inmediately after the batile of Amalek, may also be intended to give them to understand, chat they should spare the family of Jethro, or the Kenite, when they went about to destroy that nation:

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תְּנַפְוּן אֶת־יְהוָה ; 3 וַיִּצְמָא שָׁם הָעָם לַמַּיִם וַיָּלֶן הָעָם על-משֶׁה וַיֹּאמֶר לָמָּה זֶה הֶעָלִיתָנוּ מִמִּצְרַיִם לְהָמִית אֹתִי וְאֶת־בָּנַי וְאֶת־־מִקְנַי בַּצָמָא : 4 וַיִּצְעַק משֶׁה אֶל־יְהוָה לֵאמֹר מָה אֵעַשֶׂה לָעָם הַזֶּה עוֹד מְעַט וּסְקָרְנִי : 5 וַיֹּאמֶר יְהוָה אֶל־־משֶׁה עֲבוֹ לִפְנֵי הָעָם וְקח אִתְּךָ מִזִקְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וּמַטְךְ אֲשֶׁר הִכִּיתָ בּוֹ אֶת־ הַיְאֹר קָח בְּיָדְךְ וְהָלָכְתָּ : 6 הִנְנִי עֹמֵד לְפָנֶיךְ שָׁם על־הַצוּר בְּחֹרֵב וְהִכִּיתָ בָצוּר וְיָצְאוּ מִמֶנוּ מַיִם וְשָׁתָה הָעָם וַיַּעַשׂ כֵּן מֹשֶׁה לְעֵינֵי זִקְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל: 7 וַיִּקְרָא שָׁם הַמָּקוֹם מַסָה וּמְרִיבָה עַל־־ליבי בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל ועל נסתם אֶת־־יְהוָה לֵאמֹר הֵי יְהוָה בְּקִרְבֶּנָוּ אִם־אָיִן : 8 וְיָבא עֲמָלֵק וַיִּלְחֶם עִם־יִשְׂרָאֵל בִּרְפִידֶם: 9 וַיֹּאמֶר משה אֶל־יְהוֹשֵׁעַ בְּחַר־לָנוּ אֲנָשִׁים וְצֵא הִלָּחֵם בעמלק מָחָר אָנֹכִי נִצָּב עַל־־רָאשׁ הַגִּבְעָה וּמַטֶה הָאֱלֹהִים בְּיָדִי ; 10 וַיַּעַשׂ יְהוֹשָׁע כַּאֲשֶׁר אָמַר-לוֹ משֶׁה לְהִלָּחֵם בַּעֲמָלֵק וּמשֶׁה אַהֲרֹן וְחוּר עָלוּ רֹאשׁ הַגִּבְעָה: 11 וְהָיָה כַּאֲשֶׁר יָרִים משֶׁה יָדְוֹ וְנָבַר יִשְׂרָאֵל וְכַאֲשֶׁר יָנִיחַ יָדְוֹ וְנָבַר עֲמָלֵק : 12 וִידִי משֶׁה בְּבֵרִים וַיִּקְחוּ־אֶבֶן וַיָּשִׂימוּ תַחְתָּיו וַיֵּשֶׁב עָלֶיהָ וְאַהֲרן וְחוּר תָּמְכוּ בְיָדָיו מִזֶּה אֶחָר וּמִזֶּה אֶחָד וַיְהִי יָדֶיי אֱמוּנָה עַד־בָּא הַשָּׁמֶשׁ: 13 ויחלש

יְהוֹשֵׁעַ אֶת־עֲמָלֵק וְאֶת־עַמּוֹ לְפִי־חָרֶב : מפטיר 14 וַיֹּאמֶר יְהוָה אֶל-משֶׁה כְּתב זאת זִכָּרוֹן בַּסֵפֶר וְשִׂים

בְּאָזְנֵי יְהוֹשֵׁעַ כִּי־מָחָה אֶמְחֶה אֶת-זֶכֶר עֲמָלֵק מִתַּחַת הַשָּׁמָיִם: 15 וַיִּבֶן משֶׁה מִזְבֵּחַ וַיִּקְרָא שְׁמוֹ יְהוָהי נְפֵי : 16 וַיֹּאמֶר כִּי־־יָך עַל־־פֶּס לָהּ מִלְחָמָה לַיהוָה

בַּעֲמָלֵק מִדְר דר :

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for one man : and all the rulers of 32 & And Moses said, This is the congregation came and told the thing which the LORD com. Moses.

mandeth, Fill an omer of it to be 23 And he said unto them, This kept for your generations; that is that which the LORD hath said, they may see the bread wherewith To-morrow is the rest of the holy I have fed you in the wilderness, sabbath unto the LORD: * bake when I brought you forth from that which ye will bake, to-day, the land of Egypt. and seethe that ye will seethe;

33 And Moses said unto Aaron, and that which remaineth over, Take a pot, and put an omer full lay up for you to be kept until the of Manna therein, and lay it up morning.

before the LORD to be kept for 24 And they laid it up till the your generations. morning, as Moses bade: and it 34 As the LORD commanded did not stink, neither was there Moses, so Aaron laid it up

before any worm therein.

the testimony, to be kept. 25 And Moses said, Eat that to- 35 And the children of Israel day; for to-day is a sabbath unto did eat Manna forty years, until the LORD: to-day ye shall not they came to a land inhabited: find it in the field.

they did eat Manna until they 26 Six days ye shall gather it; came unto the borders of the land but on the seventh day which is of Canaan. the sabbath, in it there shall be 36 Now an omer is the tenth none,

part of an ephah. 27 | And it came to pass, that there went out some of the people

CH A P. XVII. on the seventh day for to gather, 1 The people murmur for water at and they found none.

Raphidim. 5 Moses sent to the 28 And the LORD said unto

rock in Horeb. 13 Amulek is Moses, How long refuse ye to keep overcome. my my

AND given you the sabbath, therefore the children of Israel journeyed he giveth you on the sixth day from the wilderness of Sin, after the bread of two days: abide ye their journies, according to the every man in his place, let no commandment of the LORD, and man go out of his place on the pitched in Rephidim: and there seventh day.

was no water for the people to 30 So the people rested on the drink. seventh day.

2 Wherefore the people did 31 And the house of Israel chide with Moses, and said, Give called the name thereof Manna: us water § that we may drink. and it was like, coriander-seed, And Moses said unto them, Why white; and the taste of it was like chide

ye with me? wherefore do wafers made with honey.

ye tempt the Lord, In honour of God, and in commentoration of his creating the world in six days and rested on the seventh. For which reason he ordained that we should rest on the seventh day, as a continual memorial of his wonderful works.He did not command us to rest on this day for any other cause but that we should rest from labour, as it is recorded that he rested. And in verse 29 is contained, “ Let no man go out of his place on the seventh day"--to gather Manna as some of them did, (see verse 27.) But that every man shall abide in his place, in order to mediate on the power and goodness of God, who created all things from nothing, &c.

♡ In Hebrew the verb give is in the plural, which hath induced some to explain it thus that Aaron acted as Moses's interpreter, as he did by Pharaoh, and therefore they spoke in the plural, to boib Moses and Aaron,

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לָאֶתָךְ וַיָּבֹאוּ כָּל־נְשִׂיאֵי הָעֵדָה וַיַּגִּידוּ לְמשֶׁה: 23 וַיֹּאמֶר אֲלֵהֶם הוּא אֲשֶׁר דִּבֶּר יְהוָה שַׁבָּתוֹן שַׁבַּת־קָדֶשׁ לַיהוָה מָחָר אֵת אֲשֶׁר־תּאפוּ אֵפוּ וְאֵת אֲשֶׁר־תְּבַשְׁלוּ בַּשַׁלוּ וְאֵת כָּל־־הֶעלֶף הַנִּיחוּ לָכֶם לְמִשְׁמֶרֶת עַד־הַבְּקֶר : 24 וַיֵּנִיחוּ אֹתוֹ עַר־הַבֹּקֶר כַּאֲשֶׁר צִוָּה משֶׁה וְלֹא הִבְאִישׁ וְרִמָּה

לֹא־הָיְתָה בּוֹ : 25 וַיֹּאמֶר משֶׁה אִכְלָהוּ הַיּוֹם כִּי־שַׁבָּת הַיּוֹם לַיהוָה הַיוֹם לֹא תִמְצָאהוּ בַּשָּׂדֶה: 26 שֵׁשֶׁת יָמִים תִּלְקְטהוּ וּבַיּוֹם הַשְׁבִיעֶי שַׁבָּת לְא יִהְיֶה־בּוֹ: 27 וַיְהִי בַּיּוֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִי יָצְאוּ מִן־הָעָם לִלְקְט וְלֹא מָצָאוּ :

28 וַיֹּאמֶר יְהוָה אֶל-משֶׁה עַר־אָנָה מֵאַנְתֶּם לִשְׁמָר מִצְוֹתַי וְתוֹרֹתָי: 29 רְאוּ כִּי־ יְהוָה נָתַן לָכֶם הַשַּׁבָּת עַל־כֵּן הוּא נֹתֵן לָכֶס בַּיּוֹם הַשְׁשִׁי לֶחֶם יוֹמַיִם שְׁבַוּי אִישׁ תַּחְתָּיו אַל־־יצָא אִישׁ מִמְקמו בַּיּוֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִי : 30 וַיִּשְׁבְּתוּ הָעָם בַּיּוֹם הַשְׁבִעִי 31 וַיִּקְרְאוּ בֵית־יִשְׂרָאֵל אֶת־־שְׁמָוֹ מָן וְהוּא בְּזרַע בֵּד לָבָן וְטַעֲמוֹ כְּצַפִּיחִת בִּדְבָשׁ: 32 וַיֹּאמֶר משֶׁה זֶה הַדָּבָר אֲשֶׁר צִיָּה יְהוָה מְלֹא הָעֹמֶר מִמֶנוּ לְמִשְׁמֶרֶת לְדרֹתֵיכֶם לְמַעַן יִרְאוּ אֶת־הַלֶחֶם אֲשֶׁר הֶאֱכַלְתִּי אֶתְכֶם בַּמִּדְבָּר בְּהוֹצִיאִי אֶתְכֶם מֵאֶרֶץ מִצְרָיִם: 33 וַיֹּאמֶר משֶׁה אֶל־ אַהֲרֹן קַח צנצנת אַחַת וְתֶן־שָׁמָה מְלֹא־הָעמֶר מָן וְהַנַּח אתוֹ

לִפְנֵי יְהוָה לְמִשְׁמֶרֶת לְדֹרֹתֵיכֶם: 34 כַּאֲשֶׁר צִיָּה יְהוָה אֶל-משֶׁה וַיֵּנִיחֵהוּ אַחֲרָן לִפְנֵי הָעֶדֶת לְמִשְׁמֶרֶת: 35 וּבְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל אֶכְלֶוּ אֶת־הַמָּן אַרְבָּעִים שָׁנָה עַד־בּאָם אֶל־אֶרֶץ נוֹשֶׁבֶת אֶת־הַמָּן אָכְלוּ עַד־בּאָם אֶל־קְצה אֶרֶץ כְּנָעַן: 36 וְהָעמֶר עֶשְׂרִית הָאֵתָּה הוּא :

יִסְעוּ כָּל-עֲדַת בְּנֵי־־יִשְׂרָאֵל מִמִּדְבַּר־־סִין שביעי לְמַסְעֵיהֶם עַל־פִּי יְהוָה וַיַּחֲנוּ בִּרְפִידִים וְאֵין מַיִם לִשְׁתּת

הָעָם: 2 וַיִּרֶב הָעָם עִם משֶׁה וַיֹּאמְרוּ תְּנוּ־לָנוּ מַיִן וְנִשְׁתֶּה וַיֹּאמֶר לָהֶם משֶׁה מַה־־תְּרִיבוּן עֲמָדִי מַה־

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Lord hath brought you out from 14 And when the dew that lay the land of Egypt.

was gone up, behold, upon the 7 And in the morning then ye face of the wilderness there lay a shall see the glory of the LORD; small round thing, as small as the for that he heareth your murmur

hoar-frost on the ground. ings against the LORD: And what 15 And when the children of zre we, that ye murmur against Israel saw it, they said one to us?

another, It is Manna: for they wist 8 And Moses said, This shall not what it was. And Moses said be when the LORD shall give you unto them, This is the bread which in the evening flesh to eat, and the Lord hath given you to eat. in the morning bread to the full; 16 This is the thing wbich for that the Lord heareth your the Lord hath commanded, Gather murmurings which ye murmur of it every man according to his against him: And what are we? eating: an omer for every man, I your murmurings are not against according to the number of your us, but against the LORD.

persons, || take yè every man for 9 1 And Moses spake unto them which are in his tents. Aaron, Say unto all the congrega- 17 And the children of Israel tion of the children of Israel, did so, and gathered, some more, Come near before the LORD : for some less. he hath heard your murmurings. 18 And when they did mete it

10 And it came to pass as Aaron with an omer, he that gathered spake unto the whole congrega- much, had nothing over, and he tion of the children of Israel, that that gathered little, had no lack: they looked towards the wilder- they gathered every man accordness, and behold, the glory of the ' ing to his eating. Lord appeared in the cloud.

19 And Moses said, Let no man 11 And the Lord spake unto leave of it till the morning. Moses, saying,

20 Notwithstanding they heark12 I have heard the murmurings ened not unto Moses, but some of of the children of Israel; speak them left of it until the morning, unto them, saying, At even ye and it bred worms and stank: shall eat flesh, and in the morning and Moses was wroth with them. ye shall be filled with bread : and 21 And they gathered it every ye shall know that I am the Lord morning, every man according to

his eating: and when the sun 13 And it came to pass, that at waxed hot, it melted. even the quails came up, and cover- 22 | And it came to pass that ed the camp: and in the morning on the sixth day they gathered the dew lay round about the host. twice as much bread, two omers

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According to the English translation, we have a glaring contradiction here. The appearing of the glory of the Lord, by this verse, seems to be deferred till next morning: and by verse 10, we. see that it appeared directly as Aaron had done speaking: to reconcile which, I must observe, that the word morning, mentioned in this verse, doth not refer to the appearing of the Lord, but to the evening, in ver. 6, to which it must be joined, as if it had been said, “ In the evening and morning

ye shall know that the Lord brought you out of Egypt, ard not we :” meaning, that he gave this sign as a token of the truth of what he asserts. So that their murmuring against them, was groundless, as expressed here and in ver 8, which should be rectified by putting in a parenthesis, from at even, in ver. 6, to and so in the morning, in this verse, leaving, " and ye shall see the glory of the Lord” as another 'sentence.

Here seems another contradiction, for it appears that the Manna lay under the dew; and, by Numbers, chap. xi. ver. 9, it saith expressly, that the Manna came down upon the dew : but this seeming contradiction proceeds from giving a wrong translation to the verb Synn; for, it doth not alwars mean to go up; it must sometimes be rendered to cease, as observed in Genesis, chap. XX. ver 4, and that will make both narratives alike. ; Heb. By the poll, or head. Heb, Souls.

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