Controlling Factors in Economic DevelopmentBrookings Institution, 1949 - Всего страниц: 397 |
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Controlling Factors in Economic Development Harold Glenn Moulton,Brookings Institution Полный просмотр - 1949 |
Controlling Factors in Economic Development Harold Glenn Moulton,Brookings Institution Полный просмотр - 1949 |
Controlling Factors in Economic Development Harold Glenn Moulton,Brookings Institution Полный просмотр - 1949 |
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advances aggregate agricultural American amount analysis banking bauxite Brookings Institution budget business ac business cycle business enterprise capacity capital formation cent Chapter competition construction consumer consumption corporations costs countries course crease debt decline demand depression diminishing returns distribution duction economic progress economic system efficiency employment essential expansion expenditures extensive factors Federal Trade Commission fiscal policy funds gold gold standard Harold G importance improvements increase INDEX NUMBERS individual industrial interest rates investment involved Keynes labor loans man-hour materials ment methods mineral monetary money income money savings Moreover national income natural nomic operations organization outlays output period plant and equipment population possible private enterprise problem production profits prosperity purchasing power recession recovery reduced requirements restricted result rise securities situation social sorbed stability sumer supply technological tion trade types United volume wage rates
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Стр. 10 - The density of population necessary to enable mankind to obtain, in the greatest degree, all the advantages both of co-operation and of social intercourse, has, in all the most populous countries, been attained.
Стр. 10 - I confess I am not charmed with the ideal of life held out by those who think that the normal state of human beings is that of struggling to get on; that the trampling, crushing, elbowing, and treading on each other's heels, which form the existing type of social life, are the most desirable lot of humankind, or any thing but one of the disagreeable symptoms of one of the phases of industrial progress.
Стр. 10 - It must always have been seen, more or less distinctly, by political economists, that the increase of wealth is not boundless ; that at the end of what they term the progressive state lies the stationary state, that all progress in wealth is but a postponement of this, and that each step in advance is an approach to it.
Стр. 7 - One man draws out the wire, another straights it, a third cuts it, a fourth points it, a fifth grinds it at the top for receiving the head; to make the head requires two or three distinct operations; to put it on is a peculiar business, to whiten the pins is another; it is even a trade by itself to put them into the paper; and the important business of making a pin is, in this manner, divided into about eighteen distinct operations...
Стр. 10 - This impossibility of ultimately avoiding the stationary state — this irresistible necessity that the stream of human industry should finally spread itself out into an apparently stagnant sea — must have been, to the political economists of the last two generations, an unpleasing and discouraging prospect ; for the tone and tendency of their speculations goes completely to identify all that is economically desirable with the progressive state, and with that alone.
Стр. 199 - . . . individual conduct, or concerted conduct, which falls short of being a Sherman Act violation may as a matter of law constitute an 'unfair method of competition' prohibited by the Trade Commission Act.
Стр. 10 - I cannot, therefore, regard the stationary state of capital and wealth with the unaffected aversion so generally manifested towards it by political economists of the old school. I am inclined to believe that it would be, on the whole, a very considerable improvement on our present condition. I confess I am not charmed with the ideal of life held out by those who think that the normal state of human beings is that of struggling to get on; that the trampling, crushing, elbowing, and treading on each...
Стр. 196 - Of course, the Federal Government cannot and should not take any action which might be construed as approving or guaranteeing that newly issued securities are sound in the sense that their value will be maintained or that the properties which they represent will earn profit.
Стр. 13 - Should all the wheat-growing countries add to their (producing) area to the utmost capacity, on the most careful calculation the yield would give us only an addition of some 100,000,000 acres, supplying, at the average world yield of 12.7 bushels to the acre, 1,270,000,000 bushels, just enough to supply the increase of population among bread eaters till the year 1931.
Стр. 8 - Hitherto it is questionable if all the mechanical inventions yet made have lightened the day's toil of any human being. They have enabled a greater population to live the same life of drudgery and imprisonment, and an increased number of manufacturers and others to make fortunes.