Lovell H. Smith, Lieutenant Leigh Wade, Lieutenant Eric Nelson and Lieutenant Leslie B. Arnold. They were accompanied by John Harding, civilian mechanic, and Technical Sergeant Henry H. Ogden.

Since its organization the Department of War has carried the country through five wars-with Great Britain in 1812, with Mexico in 1846, the Civil War in 1861, with Spain in 1899, and the World War in 1917. In the main the department proved itself equal to the emergencies. It is true that in the war with Great Britain the department at first wholly failed to do its part, and it was not until James Monroe, Secretary of State, was transferred and put at the head of the Department of War any real energy and practical usefulness was displayed. Mr. Monroe was indeed a master hand at organization and in arousing the patriotism of the people. Under his management the army was speedily recruited to a strength to meet the enemy, supplied with all that was needed and placed under competent officers. Victory then began to perch on the American banners. Much of this, in part, may be said of the department at the opening of the Civil War and also that with Spain. American statesmen have always been found in time of need, capable of leading the country under all trying circumstances and conditions.

ROSTER OF SECRETARIES OF War

HENRY KNOX, of Massachusetts.

From September 12, 1789, to December 31, 1794.

TIMOTHY PICKERING, of Pennsylvania.

From January 2, 1795, to December 10, 1795 (see Department of State).

JAMES MCHENRY, of Maryland.

From February 6, 1796, to May 31, 1800.

SAMUEL DEXTER, of Massachusetts.

From June 12, 1800, to January 1, 1801.

HENRY DEARBORN, of Massachusetts.

From March 5, 1801, to February 16, 1809.

WILLIAM EUSTIS, of Massachusetts.

From April 8, 1809, to December 31, 1812.

JOHN ARMSTRONG, of New York.

From February 5, 1813, to August 30, 1814.

JAMES MONROE, of Virginia.

From October 1, 1814, to February 28, 1815 (see Department of State).

WILLIAM H. CRAWFORD, of Georgia.

From August 8, 1815, to October 21, 1816 (see Department of the Treasury).

JOHN C. CALHOUN, of South Carolina.

From December 10, 1817, to March 3, 1825.

JOHN H. EATON, of Tennessee.

From March 9, 1829, to June 18, 1821.

LEWIS CASS, of Michigan.

From August 8, 1831, to October 4, 1836.

BENJAMIN F. BUTLER, of New York.

From March 3, 1837, to March 13, 1837 (see Department of
Justice).

JOEL R. POINSETT, of South Carolina.

From March 14, 1837, to March 3, 1841.

JOHN BELL, of Tennessee.

From March 6, 1841, to September 11, 1841.

JOHN C. SPENCER, of New York.

From October 12, 1841, to March 7, 1843.

JAMES M. PORTER, of Pennsylvania.

From March 8, 1843, to February 19, 1844; rejected.

WILLIAM WILKINS, of Pennsylvania.

From February 20, 1844, to March 7, 1845.

WILLIAM L. MARCY, of New York.

From March 8, 1845, to March 7, 1849 (see Department of State).

GEORGE W. CRAWFORD, of Georgia.

From March 14, 1849, to July 22, 1850.

CHARLES M. CONRAD, of Louisiana.

From August 16, 1850, to March 7, 1853.

JEFFERSON DAVIS, of Mississippi.

From March 8, 1853, to March 3, 1857.

JOHN B. FLOYD, of Virginia.

From March 7, 1857, to December 31, 1860.

JOSEPH HOLT, of Kentucky.

From January 18, 1861, to March 10, 1861 (see Department of Justice).

SIMON CAMERON, of Pennsylvania.

From March 11, 1861, to January 19, 1862.

EDWIN M. STANTON, of Pennsylvania.

From January 20, 1862, to May 28, 1868.

JOHN M. SCHOFIELD, Army.

From June 1, 1868, to March 12, 1869.

JOHN A. RAWLINS, of Illinois.

From March 12, 1869, to September 6, 1869.

WILLIAM W. BELKNAP, of Iowa.

From November 1, 1869, to March 3, 1876.

ALPHONSO TAFT, of Ohio.

From March 11, 1876, to May 31, 1876.

JAMES D. CAMERON, of Pennsylvania.

From June 1, 1876, to March 11, 1877.

GEORGE W. MCCRARY, of Iowa.

From March 12, 1877, to December 11, 1879. ALEXANDER RAMSEY, of Minnesota.

From December 12, 1879, to March 10, 1881. ROBERT T. LINCOLN, of Illinois.

From March 11, 1881, to March 6, 1885. WILLIAM C. ENDICOTT, of Massachusetts.

From March 7, 1885, to March 5, 1889. REDFIELD PROCTOR, of Vermont.

From March 6, 1889, to December 5, 1891. STEPHEN B. ELKINS, of West Virginia.

From December 24, 1891, to March 6, 1893.

DANIEL S. LAMONT, of New York.

From March 7, 1893, to March 5, 1897.

RUSSELL A. ALGER, of Michigan.

From March 6, 1897, to August 1, 1899.

ELIHU ROOT, of New York.

From August 1, 1899, to January 30, 1904 (see Department of
State).

WILLIAM H. TAFT, of Ohio.

From February 1, 1904, to June 29, 1908.

LUKE E. WRIGHT, of Tennessee.

From June 29, 1908, to March 4, 1909.

JACOB M. DICKINSON, of Tennessee.

From March 5, 1909, to May 10, 1911.

HENRY L. STIMSON, of New York.

From May 16, 1911, to March 4, 1913. LINDLEY MILLER GARRISON, of New Jersey. From March 5, 1913, to February 10, 1916. NEWTON DIEL BAKER, of Ohio.

From March 7, 1916, to March 5, 1921. JOHN WINGATE WEEKS, of Massachusetts. From March 5, 1921.

John Marshall, of Virginia, was nominated for Secretary of War by President John Adams, May 7, 1800. The appointment was declined. Lucius H. Stockton, of New Jersey, was nominated by President

Adams as Secretary of War January 14, 1801, but the nomination was withdrawn by request of Mr. Stockton.

Roger Griswold, of Connecticut, was nominated and confirmed as Secretary of War, February 3, 1801, but declined.

Henry Dearborn, of Massachusetts, was nominated by President Madison for Secretary of War, March 1, 1815, but the nomination was withdrawn the next day.

Isaac Shelby, of Kentucky, was nominated by President Monroe for Secretary of War, March 5, 1817. The nomination was confirmed but declined.

In commissioning Benjamin F. Butler, of New York, who had been nominated and confirmed as Secretary of War, President Jackson caused the commission to read: "During the pleasure of the President, until a successor, duly appointed, shall accept such office and enter upon the duties thereof."

John McLean, of Ohio, was nominated, confirmed and commissioned as Secretary of War in September, 1841, by President Tyler, but the office was declined.

Edward Bates, of Missouri, was nominated by President Fillmore, July 20, 1850, for Secretary of War. The nomination was confirmed the same day but the office declined.

Thomas Ewing, Sr., of Ohio, was nominated for Secretary of War by President Johnson, February 22, 1868, but was not acted upon by the Senate.

John A. Rawlins, Secretary of War, died in office.

William W. Belknap, Secretary of War, was impeached but acquitted.