Buccinum plectrum, Stimpson.

Fossil-Rivière-du-Loup; rare.

Recent Murray Bay; Portland, Maine, (Stimpson); Behring's Straits, (Stimpson)

This may be a variety of the preceding species, but can be distinguished from it and grows to a larger size. It has the sculpture of B. glaciale with the aperture of B. undulatum. Recent and fossil specimens are quite similar.

The northern Buccina are involved in so much contusion that I have made them a subject of special study, and have sedulously collected all the forms recent and fossil. I have been very much aided in this by the abundance of specimens of the more Arctic forms at Rivière-du-Loup, and the the occurrence of most of them recent at Murray Bay and Tadousac, and I feel confident that the names given in this list represent forms actually occurring as distinct in nature, though some of them may not be distinct specific types. I believe, however, that B. ciliatum B. glaciale, B. undatum, B. tenue and B. Groenlandicum, are probably entitled to this rank. The others appear to me on comparison of large numbers of specimens, to graduate into one or other of the above forms.

I have given in the engraved plate representatives of the more critical forms, which will enable them to be recognized.

In the drift the Buccinums often part with their outer coat of prismatic shell, and in this decorticated state are very difficult to determine.

Buccinofusus (Sipho) Kroyeri, Möller.

First recog

Fossil-Rivière-du-Loup; Labrador (Packard). Recent Gulf St. Lawrence and Arctic seas. nized as this species by Mr. Whiteaves. Specimens from Spitzbergen in Mr. McAndrew's collection are perfectly similar to ours. Packard found it not uncommon at Labrador, but it seems rare in other parts of the Gulf of St. Lawrence. In some previous lists it has appeared as B. cretaceum, Reeve, which seems to be an error.

Chrysodomus Spitzbergensis, Reeve.
Fossil-Montreal (small and rare.)

Recent Murray Bay to Gaspé; also Spitzbergen, and probably Sea of Okotsk.

Only one specimen occurred at Montreal, and was an unknown

form until I fortunately dredged a few specimens at Murray Bay. It is a beautiful species, evidently quite distinct from C. Islandicus. From Middendorff's description and figure, I think it not improbable that it may be the same with his Tritonium Schantaricum, from the Sea of Okotsk. I was not aware that it had been found on our coast, except at Murray Bay, until these sheets were going through the press. Young specimens are remarkably like in form and sculpture to Fasciolaria ligata, which is found with it at Murray Bay. Reeve's figure in Belcher's "Last of the Arctic Voyages," well represents our specimens, though perhaps a very little coarser in sculpture.

Chrysodomus tornatus, Gould.

Fossil-Montreal; Quebec; Rivière-du-Loup; Murray Bay; Labrador (Packard).

Recent Gaspé Bay, large specimens (Whiteaves; Labrador (Packard).

This shell is not uncommon in the drift, and owing to its dense texture is generally in good preservation. It ranges from the typical C. tornatus of Gould to Fusus despectus of Linnæus, as described by Fabricius, from Greenland, and shells of similar form from the British Crag are considered by S. Wood as varieties of F. antiquus.* Dr. P. P. Carpenter thinks that this and the British F. antiquus may prove to belong to one very variable species. The C. despectus is an Arctic form, and is found fossil in Canada. The C. tornatus is also fossil, and is the form now found in the Gulf. C. decemcostatus is more southern.

Chrysodomus decemcostatus, Say.

Fossil-Portland, Maine.

Recent -Magdalen Islands and Gaspé Bay (Whiteaves); coasts of Nova Scotia and New England.

This species has not yet been found in the Post-pliocene of Canada, where it is represented by C. tornatus. There are still two opinions as to whether Say's species is identical with C. lyratus, Mart. = Middendorffii, Cooper, from the Pacific coast. The latter is variable, and graduates towards tornatus, Gould, but the living New England shells are tolerably constant in character.

The C. despectus of Reeve, however, is a very different species, from the Arctic regions of the North Pacific.

Trophon scalariforme, Gould.

Fossil-Montreal; Murray Bay; Rivière-du-Loup; Labrador. Recent Greenland (Hayes); Murray Bay; Nova Scotia (Willis); Gaspé and North Shore (Whiteaves).

It is a rare shell in the Post-pliocene, but of large size and in good condition.

Trophon clathratus, Linn.

Fossil-Montreal; Murray Bay; Rivière-du-Loup; also glacial beds of Europe.

Recent Greenland and Arctic seas generally; Labrador; Gulf St. Lawrence (Whiteaves). The allied species or variety, T. gunneri, has been found living at Gaspé by Whiteaves, but not fossil as yet.

SUB-KINGDOM ARTICULATA.

CLASS I.-ANNULATA.

Serpula vermicularis, Linn.

Fossil-Montreal; Murray Bay; Rivière-du-Loup.

A small species of Serpula, apparently the above, though perhaps the determination may be regarded as uncertain.

Vermilia serrula, (Stimpson.)

Fossil-Rivière-du-Loup, on shells.

Recent Gulf St. Lawrence. It is quite likely the Greenland species identified by Fabricius with Serpula triquetra.

Spiochatopterus typus, Sars.

Fossil-Labrador, (Packard).

Recent Labrador (Packard); Norway (Sars.)

Spirorbis glomerata, Muller.

Fossil-Rivière-du-Loup; Labrador (Packard); Greenland

(Fabr.); Gaspé.

Spirorbis vitrea, Fabricius.

Fossil-Montreal; Quebec; Rivière-du-Loup; Murray Bay Very common on stones and shells.

Recent Greenland (Fabricius); Gulf St. Lawrence.

Spirorbis Spirillum, Lin.

Fossil-Rivière-du-Loup, on shells.

Recent Gulf St. Lawrence; Greenland; Fabricius.

Spirorbis sinistrorsa, Montague.

Fossil-Rivière-du-Loup, on the inside of shells.

Recent Gulf St. Lawrence; Fishing Banks, American Coast (Gould.)

Spirorbis carinata, Montague.

Fossil-Rivière-du-Loup, on shells.

This is a Spirorbis with one carina, found also in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, and possibly the same with the S. contortuplicata of Fabricius from Greenland.

The beautiful Spirorbis cancellata of Fabricius, so common in the Modern Gulf of St. Lawrence, and also in Greenland, has not yet been found in the Post-pliocene.

CLASS II.-CRUSTACEA.

The most abundant species are bivalve Entomostraca, which occur in great numbers in the Leda clay, associated with Foraminifera. The species in my collection have been kindly determined by Mr. J. S. Brady, who enumerates the following:

Eucythere argus.

As the paper was re-printed in the Canadian Naturalist (Vòl. V., N. S.) it is unnecessary to notice these species further here, except to state that out of twenty-nine species of recent Ostracods obtained by Mr. Brady from material from the Gulf St. Lawrence, furnished by me, thirteen have been recognized in the Post-pliocene of Canada and Maine. though only three of these occur in the list above given. It is further remarkable that out of thirty-three fossil species from Maine and Canada, no less than twenty-three occur in the Scottish glacial beds and twenty-five are living in the British seas, while six are new species.

VOL. VI.

S

No. 4.

Balanus Hameri, Ascanius.

Fossil-Montreal; St. Nicholas; Quebec; Rivière-du-Loup; also, Uddevalla; Russia (Murchison); Greenland (Spengler).

Recent Coast of Nova Scotia. I have obtained specimens from Mr. Downes of Halifax, but have not elsewhere seen the specics recent. It is B. Uddevallensis of lists of Scandinavian fossils and B. tulipa of Muller. It is a widely diffused Arctic and North Atlantic species.

This Acorn-shell is very abundant at Rivière-du-Loup, and fine specimens are found entire, attached to stones and boulders in the Boulder-clay.

Balanus porcatus, DaCosta.

Fossil-Beauport; glacial beds of Europe.

Recent Gulf St. Lawrence, and coast of New England; Labrador (Packard); and Arctic and northern seas generally. It is no doubt Lepas balanus of Fabricius from Greenland. Much more rare in the Post-pliocene than the preceding species.

Balanus crenatus, Brug.

Fossil-Montreal; Quebec; Rivière-du-Loup; St. John, N.B. (Matthew); Labrador (Packard); Portland, Maine; glacial beds of Europe.

Recent Arctic and northern seas, Greenland; Gulf St. Lawrence and American coast. It seems to be Lepas balanuris of Fabricius, Greenland.

Eupagurus Bernhardus? Fabricius.

Fossil-Rivière-du-Loup. A small specimen in a Turritella may be the young of this common species.

Hyas coarctata, Leach.

Fossil-Riviére-du-Loup. A few claws only found, but evidently of this common Gulf of St. Lawrence species.

SUB-KINGDOM VERTEBRATA.

The vertebrate animals of the Post-pliocene are few, and may be summed up as follows:

Mallotus villosus, Cuvier,

The common capelin is found in nodules at Green's Creek on the Ottawa.