carefully and deliberately consulted upon, of our own motion, on certain knowledge, and of the plenitude of our apostolic power, we constitute and decree, that in the kingdom of England, according to the common rules of the Church, there be restored the Hierarchy of Ordinary Bishops, who shall be named from Sees, which we constitute in these our letters, in the several districts of the Apostolic Vicariates.

"To begin with the London District, there will be in it two sees; that of Westminster, which we elevate to the degree of the Metropolitan or archiepiscopal dignity, and that of Southwark, which, as also the others, (to be named next,) we assign as suffragan to Westminster. The diocese of Westminster will take that part of the above-named district which extends to the north of the River Thames, and includes the counties of Middlesex, Essex, and Hertford; that of Southwark will contain the remaining part to the south of the river, namely, the counties of Berks, Southampton, Surrey, Sussex, and Kent, with the Islands of Wight, Jersey, Guernsey, and the others adjacent.

"In the Northern Districts there will be only one Episcopal See, which will receive its name from the city of Hexham. This diocese will be bounded by the same limits as the district hath hitherto been.

"The York District will also form one diocese; and the bishop will have his See at the city of Beverly.

"In the Lancaster District, there will be two bishops, of whom the one will take his title from the See of Liverpool, and will have as his diocese the Isle of Man, the hundreds of Lonsdale, Amounderness, and West Derby. The other will receive the name of his See from the city of Salford, and will have for his diocese the hundreds of Salford, Blackburn, and Leyland. The county of Chester,although hitherto belonging to that district, we shall now annex to another diocese.

"In the District of Wales there will be two bishoprics, namely, that of Shrewsbury, and that of Menevia (or St. David's) united with Newport. The diocese of Shrewsbury to contain northward, the counties of Anglesey, Caernarvon, Denbigh, Flint, Merioneth, and Montgomery; to which we annex the county of Chester from the Lancashire district, and the county of Salop from the Central District. We assign to the bishop of St. David's and Newport as his diocese, northward, the counties of Brecknock, Glamorgan, Pembroke, and Radnor, and the English counties of Monmouth and Hereford.

"In the Western, we establish two Episcopal Sees, that of Clifton, and that of Plymouth. To the former of these we assign the counties of Gloucester, Somerset, and Wilts; to the latter, those of Devon, Dorset, and Cornwall.

"The Central District, from which we have already separated off the county of Salop, will have two Episcopal Sees; that of Nottingham, and that of Birmingham. To

the former of these we assign as a diocese the counties of Nottingham, Derby, and Leicester, together with those of Lincoln and Rutland, which we hereby separate from the Eastern District. To the latter we assign the counties of Oxford, Warwick, Worcester, and Oxford.

"Lastly, in the Eastern District, there will be a single bishop's See, which will take its name from the city of Northampton, and will have its diocese comprehended within the same limits as have hitherto bounded the district, with the exception of the counties of Lincoln and Rutland, which we have already assigned to the aforesaid diocese of Nottingham.

"Thus, then, in the most flourishing kingdom of England there will be established one ecclesiastical province, consisting of one archbishop, or metropolitan head, and twelve bishops, his suffragans, by whose exertions and pastoral care we trust that to Catholicity in that country there will be a fruitful and daily increasing extension. Wherefore, we now reserve to ourselves and our successors, the Pontiffs of Rome, the power of again dividing the said province into others, and of increasing the number of dioceses as occasion shall require; and in general, that, as it shall seem fitting in the Lord, we may freely decree new limits to them.

"In the mean while we command the aforesaid archbishop and bishops that they transmit at due time, to our Congregation of Propaganda, accounts of the state of their churches, and that they never omit to keep the said Congregation fully informed respecting all matters which they know will conduce to the welfare of their spiritual flocks. For we shall continue to avail ourselves of the instrumentality of the said Congregations in all things appertaining to the Anglican churches. But in the sacred government of clergy and laity, and in all other things appertaining unto the pastoral office, the archbishop and bishops of England will henceforward enjoy all the rights and faculties which the other Catholic archbishops and bishops of other nations, according to the common ordinances of the sacred canons and apostolic constitutions, use, and may use; and are equally bound by the obligations which bind the other archbishops and bishops, according to the same common discipline of the Catholic Church. And whatever regnlations, either in the ancient system of the Anglican Church, or in the subsequent missionary state, may have been in force either by special constitutions, or privileges, or peculiar customs, will now henceforth carry no right nor obligation: and in order that no doubt may remain on this point, we, by the plenitude of our apostolic authority, repeal and abrogate all power whatsoever of imposing obligation or conferring right in those peculiar constitutions and privileges of whatever kind they may be, and in all customs by whomsoever, or at whatever most ancient or immemorial time, brought in. Hence it

will, for the future, be solely competent for the archbishop and bishops of England to distinguish what things belong to the execution of the common ecclesiastical law, and what, according to the common discipline of the Church, are intrusted to the authority of the bishops. We certainly will not be wanting to assist them with our apostolic authority, and most willingly will we second all their applications in those things which shall seem to conduce to the glory of God's name and the salvation of souls. Our principal object, indeed, in decreeing by these our Letters Apostolical the restoration of the Ordinary Hierarchy of bishops and the observation of the Church's common law, has been to pay regard to the well-being and growth of the Catholic religion throughout the realm of England; but at the same time it was our purpose to gratify the wishes of both our venerable brethren who govern the affairs of religion by a vicarious authority from the apostolic See, and also of very many of our well-beloved children of the Catholic clergy and laity, from whom we had received the most urgent entreaties to the like effect. The same prayer had repeatedly been made by their ancestors to our predecessors, who, indeed, had first commenced to send vicarsapostolic into England at a time when it was impossible for any Catholic prelate to remain there in possession of a Church by right in Ordinary; and hence their design in successively augmenting the number of vicariates and vicarial districts was not certainly that Catholicity in England should always be under an extraordinary form of government, but rather looking forward to its extension in process of time, they were paving the way for the ultimate restoration of the Ordinary Hierarchy there.

"And therefore we, to whom, by God's goodness, it hath been granted to complete this great work, do now hereby declare, that it is very far from our intention or design that the prelates of England, now possessing the title and rights of bishops in Ordinary, should, in any other respect, be deprived of any advantages which they have enjoyed heretofore under the character of vicarsapostolic; for it would not be reasonable that the enactments we now make at the instance of the English Catholics, for the good of religion in their country, should turn to the detriment of the said vicars-apostolic. Moreover, we are most firmly assured that the same, our beloved children in Christ, who have never ceased to contribute by their alms and liberality, under such various circumstances to the support of Catholic religion and of the vicars-apostolic, will henceforward manifest even greater liberality toward bishops who are now bound by a stronger tie to the Anglican Churches, so that these same may never be in want of the temporal means necessary for the expenses of the decent splendour of the churches, and of Divine service, and of the support of the clergy, and relief of the poor.

"In conclusion, lifting up our eyes unto the hills from whence cometh our help, to God Almighty, and all-merciful, with all prayer and supplication, we humbly beseech him, that he would confirm, by the power of his Divine assistance, all that we have now decreed for the good of the Church, and that he would bestow the strength of his grace on those to whom the carrying out of our decrees chiefly belongs, that they may feed the Lord's flock which is among them, and that they may ever increase in diligent exertion to advance the greater glory of his name. And in order to obtain the more abundant succours of heavenly grace for this purpose, we again invoke as our intercessors with God, the most holy mother of God, the blessed apostles Peter and Paul, with the other heavenly patrons of England, and especially St. Gregory the Great, that since it is now granted to our so unequal deserts again to restore the episcopal Sees in England, which he first effected to the very great advantage of the Church, this restoration also which we make of the Episcopal dioceses in that kingdom may happily turn to the benefit of the Catholic religion. And we decree that these our Letters Apostolical shall never at any time be objected against or impugned on pretence either of omission, or of addition, or defect of either of our intention or any other whatsoever; but shall always be valid and in force, and shall take effect in all particulars, and be inviolably observed. All general or special enactments notwithstanding, whether Apostolic, or issued in Synodal, Provincial, and Universal Councils; notwithstanding, also, all rights and privileges of the ancient Sees of England, and of the missions, and of the apostolic vicariates subsequently there established, and of all churches whatsoever, and pious places, whether established by oath or by apostolic confirmation, or by any other security whatsoever; notwithstanding, lastly, all other things to the contrary whatsoever. For all these things, in as far as they contravene the foregoing enactments, although a special mention of them may be necessary for their repeal, or some other form, however particular, necessary to be observed, we expressly annul and repeal. Moreover, we decree, that if, in any other manner, any other attempt shall be made by any person, or by any authority, knowingly or ignorantly, to set aside these enactments, such attempt shall be null and void. And it is our will and pleasure that copies of these our Letters being printed, and subscribed by the hand of a notary public, and sealed with the seal of a person high in ecclesiastical dignity. shall have the same authenticity as would belong to the expression of our will by the production of this original copy.

"Given at Rome, at St. Peter's, under the Seal of the Fisherman, this 29th day of September, 1850, in the fifth year of our Pontificate.

"A CARDINAL LAMBRUSCHINI."

THE recent troubles in the Wesleyan Church in England have given rise to a republication of "An Essay on the Constitution of Wesleyan Methodism, in which Various Misrepresentations of some of its leading Prin ciples are Exposed, and its Present Form Vindicated, by JOHN BEECHAM, D. D.:" (London, J. Mason: 1850: 8vo., pp. 135.) The Essay was originally written in 1828, in view of the controversy which then arose about the organ question, and which involved, in the end, the entire constitution of Methodism. The chief object of the Essay was to show that the Conference is the principal authority in the Connexion; and as, after the lapse of twenty years, the same objections are now re-urged against the authority of the Conference, it is as appropriate and timely now as then. It treats, first, of the Constitution of Methodism previous to 1795 and 1797; secondly, of the Constitution of Methodism as settled by the regulations of 1795 and 1797; and, thirdly, of the Constitution of Methodism as it now appears. This last, according to Dr. Beecham, requires no fundamental changes, first, because it properly recognises the pastoral office, and consistently maintains its Scriptural authority; and, secondly, because it affords sure guarantees of the Methodistical rights and privileges of the whole connexion. The work is throughout methodical, candid, and perspicuous.

The Theologische Studien u. Kritiken for October, 1850, contains the following articles-I. On the Exhibition of the Doctrine of the Trinity in Preaching, by Dr. K. H. Sack:-II. The Genuineness of the Epistle to the Thessalonians, vindicated against the attack of Dr. Baur, by Professor Grimm, of Jena:-III. Observations on certain Parts of the CXIXth Psalm, on Psalm LXII, 3, and Isaiah LXIV, 8, by Pastor Hauff, of Waldenbach :-IV. The Sacramental Character of the Washing of the Disciples' Feet, by Dr. Böhmer, of Breslau. The object of the article is to show that the washing of feet, as given in John xiii, has all the essential characters of a sacrament, and that it ought to be recognised as such by the Protestant Church:-V. A review

of the first volume of Göbel's "History of the Christian Life in the Rhenish-Westphalian Church," which gives the history of the Christian life in both the Reformed and Lutheran Churches in Rhenish-Westphalia, from the beginning of the Reformation to the year 1609:-VI. A review, by C. A. Hahn, of Schmidt's and Monastier's Histories of the Waldenses, and of Herzog's tract on their origin, &c. :-VII. Opinion of the Theological Faculty of Heidelberg on the "Constitution" for the Evangelical Church of the Rhine-Palatinate, with an Introduction by Prof. Ullmann. The "Constitution," so called, here referred to, was prepared by a committee appointed at an extraordinary General Synod, held at Spire, in October, 1848. It commences with the declaration that "The Protestants of the Palatinate desire to maintain a strict union as a Protestant Evangelical Christian Church."3 assigns the Holy Scriptures as the sole rule of faith. 4 declares the doctrine of this Church to be "the word of God as it is contained in the clear expressions of Holy Scripture, and especially of the New Testament." 7 guaranties freedom of faith and of conscience to every member of the Church as a sacred right. Against this Constitution seventy-eight clergymen and laymen have protested, and have appealed to the Theological Faculties of Evangelical Germany for their opinions. That of Heidelberg is given with great clearness in the article before us. The Constitution is pronounced to be fundamentally defective in points of faith, in points of ritual, and in points of churchorder; and, in fact, to be but a wide opening of the door for Atheism and Pantheism to make their homes securely within the bosom of a so-called Evangelical Church.

Among the new works announced in England is a treatise chiefly on the evidences of Christianity, by the famous Evelyn, entitled," The True Religion." The original MS. has been preserved in the library at Wotton, and is now first published with the permission of W. J. Evelyn, Esq. We have not seen the work, but gather from the English notices that it is marked by those

peculiar attractions which characterize everything written by the author of "Sylva." Its principles are said to be of a "strict and decisive Church character."

The first Part of vol. I. of Conybeare and Howson's "Life and Epistles of St. Paul" has appeared. It is in quarto, with thirteen engravings in steel, seven maps and plans, and numerous wood engravings. The whole work is to be completed in twenty parts, of which twelve have appeared. It gives a complete biography of the apostle, and a new translation of his Epistles, inserted in chronological order. The Epistles are translated by Mr. Conybeare, and the narrative and descriptive portions of the work are by Mr. Howson.

Schleiermacher's "Brief Outline of the Study of Theology" has been translated by Rev. W. Farrar, and published by Clark of Edinburgh. (12mo., pp. 220.)

The first volume of the new edition of John Owen's Works (announced in our number for April, 1850) has appeared. It is edited by Rev. William H. Gould, and contains a Life of Owen by Rev. A. Thomson. The whole work will be completed in sixteen handsome octavos, at the remarkably low price of three guineas. (Edinburgh : Johnstone & Hunter.)

A new edition of Bengel's "Gnomon Novi Testamenti" has lately been published in Tübingen, in two volumes. It is edited by his son, Ernest Bengel, assisted by Steudel. The price is about $4 00.

Dr. Karl Zimmermann has edited and published, at Darmstadt, "The Reformatory Writings of Martin Luther, in Chronological order, with a Biography of Luther," in four volumes, royal 8vo., price about $5. The first volume contains the reformatory writings from October 31, 1517, to August, 1520; the second goes to the end of 1524; the third extends from 1525 to 1530; and the fourth reaches to the death of Luther. The book is remarkably cheap.

The Journal of Sacred Literature for October contains the following articles :I. Genesis and Geology, being an investigation of the apparent contradictions between Geology and Scripture:-II. Josephus and the Bible, an attempt to develop the value of Josephus' writings for the illustration (especially) of the New Testament: -III. On the Hypothesis which identifies Silas with the Author of the Book of Acts: -IV. Jewish Commentaries on Isaiah.

(This article is simply an extract from Dr. Turner's Biographical Notices of some of the most distinguished Jewish Rabbies."):-V. A Review of Cummings' "Voices of the Night:"-VI On the Literal Interpretation of Prophecy :-VII. Ramathaïn Zophim and Rachel's Sepulchre :-VIII. Life of Rev. H. Heugh, D. D. -with Miscellanies and Correspondence. Dr. Tregelles is publishing in this Journal a very interesting account of his explorations of MSS. in the different libraries of the continent, and of his visits to eminent scholars in different parts of Europe. At Wolfenbüttel he visited Dr. Schönemann, (librarian of the Ducal library,) who, during the last five years, has become quite blind. Dr. Tregelles remarks:

"It is scarcely possible to conceive any deprivation more trying to a student than the entire loss of sight, but we found Dr. Schönemann bright and cheerful, and far more willing to dwell on the mercies which God has vouchsafed him than on his deprivations. It was affecting to see his piercingly bright Day and night are now the same to me,' he eyes, and to know that they were sightless. said, looking at me apparently most earnestly. He showed us his study, where now he is compelled to study and to write through the eyes and hands of others, especially his children, whose care and attention are admirable. Dr. Schönemann's house is the same which was formerly inhabited by Lessing: to Germans, it has an interest in connexion with German literature; but to some, the name of Lessing is more painfully associated with The Wolfenbüttel Fragments.' They told me there that those daring attacks on Christianity were never actually deposited in the Wolfenbüttel Library, but that Reimarus, and that he published them under Lessing procured them at Hamburg, from the false designation of being found in the Wolfenbüttel Library, simply because everything published from that library was exempt from all censorship of the press. At Amsterdam, I made particular inquiries of Professor van der Hoeven on the subject of Wetstein's books and papers; they are now in the library attached to the church of the Remonstrants, under the care of Professor van der Hoeven, (who is himself eighth in descent from Arminius through his daughter Gertrude ;) I saw Wetstein's LXX., with many notes and various readings; his correspondence forms a pretty considerable collection, but it would require some time to go through it to search for anything of critical interest.”—P. 458.

Eleven parts of Dr. H. A. W. Meyer's Critico-exegetical Commentary on the New Testament are now complete, namely, I. Matthew, Mark, and Luke-II. JohnIII. Acts-IV. Romans-V. 1 Corinthians

-VI. 2 Corinthians-VII. GalatiansVIII. Ephesians-IX. Philippians, Colossians, and Philemon-X. ThessaloniansXI. Timothy and Titus. The Commentary on Thessalonians was prepared by Dr. Lünemann of Göttingen, and that on Timothy and Titus by Dr. Huther of Schwerin. The whole work, as far as completed, can be had for about $11. Dr. Meyer is now at work on the Apocalypse.

The "Library of the Fathers" (London: J. H. Parker) has reached the thirty-first volume. The recent volumes are,-27. St. Chrysostom on 2 Corinthians-28. St. Chrysostom on St. John, Part I.-29. St. Augustine on St. John, Vol. II.-30. St. Augustine on the Psalms, Vol. III.-31. St. Gregory, Morals on the Book of Job, Vol. III. and last.

The barrenness of English Theological Literature in the department of Church History has long been deplored. As a means toward supplying the want, Dr. Maitland proposes the formation of a new "Ecclesiastical History Society," with three objects:-(1) To form a library of the accepted writers on Church history-for the use of the members of the society generally, but more especially of those who may be employed to edit old or compile new works. (2) To bring out new and critical editions of such writers as Fuller, Burnet, Fox, Strype, and others, whose works, inaccurate in themselves, have, nevertheless, by frequent quotations, become acknowledged authorities, and are not now to be superseded; while other books, such as Le Neve's Fasti" and Newcourt's "Repertorium," he proposes to bring down to the present time. (3) With regard to original works, Dr. Maitland proposes to have competent persons employed, or encouraged to write or compile a great work on Church history, to take the place of Fleury and Baronius.

Rev. J. H. Newman is surrounded, it seems, at the Oratory of St. Philip, Neri, by an auditory partly of Romanists in form as well as in fact, and partly of Romanists in fact, but not in form,-otherwise called Anglicans. His teachings for the last year or so have been collected into a volume under the title of "Lectures on Certain Difficulties felt by Anglicans in submitting to the Catholic Church." The drift of his efforts, which is, in fact, to discredit the Church of England, and especially the Tractarian school, may be gathered from the following summary of the contents of the work:

I. On the Relation of the National Church to the Nation-II. The Movement of 1833 Uncongenial to the National ChurchIII. Life in the Movement of 1833 not from the National Church-IV. The Providential Direction of the Movement of 1833 not toward the National Church-V. The Providential Direction of the Movement of 1833 not toward a Party in the National Church -VI. The Providential Direction of the Movement of 1833 not toward a Branch Church-VII. The Providential Direction of the Movement of 1833 not toward a Sect -VIII. Political State of Catholic Countries no Prejudice to the Sanctity of the Church IX. The Religious Character of Catholic Countries no Prejudice to the Sanctity of the Church-X. Differences among Catholics no Prejudice to the Unity of the Church -XI. Heretical and Schismatical Bodies no Prejudice to the Catholicity of the Church— XII. Christian History no Prejudice to the Apostolicity of the Church.

The Biblical Review is no longer published.

A reply to Mr. Newman's Essay on Development has appeared in the form of "Letters on the Development of Christian Doctrine," by Rev. W. A. Butler, M. A., late Professor of Moral Philosophy in the University of Dublin. The work (which is posthumous) is said to be of great merit. Professor Butler had himself been educated a Romanist.

NEANDER's library is to be sold at auc tion Professor Jacobi informs us that the Catalogue is in preparation. The number of books in the library approaches 5,000, and they are, as might be supposed, mostly rare and valuable works.

The University of Berlin is at the present time the most complete and thoroughly manned institution for public instruction in Europe. To give an idea of the extent and variety of its lectures, we translate the outline of the course in Theology from the programme of lectures in the summer Semester, 1850:

E.

1. Professores Ordinarii. C. J. Nitzsch, on the History of the Propagation of Christianity among the Gentiles, twice a week; on Dogmatic Theology, daily on Homiletics, twice a week. G. Hengstenberg, on Genesis, five times a week; on Matthew's Gospel, compared with Mark and Luke, five times; on the Apocalypse, (a private exercise,) once a week. A. Neander, on Church History, daily; on the Epistle of Paul, daily; on the Antithesis of Catholicism and Protestantism, twice a