was to take an oath before Anian, Bishop of St. Asaph, that she would give up the land and the children to the king when he wished to demand them.

On the 20th January, 1280, the king gave directions to Master Gruffudd ab Iorwerth, Archdeacon of St. Asaph, and Nicholas Bovil, to appoint a certain day and place, and then and there to summon Gruffudd ab Iorwerth, the king's bailiff for the lordship of Bromfield, to give an account to them of all the rents and profits issuing out of the third part of the lordship of Bromfield, which the king had conceded to the sons and heirs of Madog Fychan, deceased.1

In the following year, 1281, the two unfortunate young princes, Llewelyn and Gruffudd, were drowned in the river Dee, under Holt Bridge, by their guardians, John, Earl of Warren, and Roger Mortimer, Justiciary of North Wales, third son of Roger Mortimer, Baron of Wigmore. The chronicler who continued the History of Wales, commenced by Caradawg of Llancarvan, expressly states that these murders were committed by the express order of the English king, Edward I, himself; and what renders this view of the matter most probable, is the fact, that the king gave the fortress of Dinas Brân, and the lordships of Maelawr Gymraeg and Iâl, to John, Earl of Warren, and the lordship and castle of Chirk, or Castell Crogen, to Roger Mortimer.

By a charter dated at Rhuddlan, 7th October, 1282, and in the tenth year of his reign, the king, after his conquest of Wales, gave the castle of Dinas Brân, and the lordship of Maelawr Gymraeg, or Bromfield and Iâl, to John, Earl of Warren. The following is a translation of this document.

"The king to the archbishops, etc., health: know, that for the greater tranquillity and common utility of ourself and our heirs, and of our whole realm, we have given, granted, and by this charter have confirmed, to our beloved and faithful John de Warren, Earl of Surrey, the fortress of Dinas Brân (Castrum de Dynasbran), which was in our hands in the com

1 Rotuli Walliæ, 8 Edw. I, mem. 8.