"He asked them who would go on shore, and who would tarry on shipboord? Those that would goe on shore, he willed to goe on fore mast, and those that would tarrie, on baft mast: fourescore and sixteene of us were willing to depart.

"Our Generall gave unto every one of us five yards of Roane cloth, and money to them that demanded it. When we were landed, he came unto us, where, friendly embracing every one of us, he was greatly grieved that he was forced to leave us behind him; he counselled us to serve God, and to love one another; and thus courteously he gave us a sorrowfull farewell, and promised if God sent him safe home he would do what he could, that so many of us as lived should by some means be brought into England (and so be did)."

State of England and Spain-Revised Relation of this Voyage by Drake himself-Arrive at Port Pheasant-Symerons-Transactions at Nombre de Dios-The Treasury and Governor's house-Drake wounded-Return to their ships at the Isle of Pinos-Cartagena-Capture a great ship of Seville-Drake destroys his own ship the Swan-Takes several vesselsArrives at Port Plenty-Drake leaps on shore at Cartagena-John Drake slain-Sickness in the crew-Death of Joseph Drake-Attempt to reach Panama by land-Disappointment-Drake is led to a great tree-Discovers the South Sea, and makes a solemn vow-Vasco de Balboa-Returns to England-Sir Wm. Davenant's Drama.

THE treacherous and unjust conduct of the Spaniards towards the unfortunate adventurers in the voyage detailed in the preceding chapter, and to other traders to the West Indies and the coasts of the Spanish Main, roused a flame of indignation in England, more especially among the mercantile and seafaring community; and the cry for vengeance and retribution was loudly expressed against these tyrants of the New World. Elizabeth was well disposed to encourage adventurers desirous of sharing in the riches extorted by Spain from Mexico and Peru; nor was she unwilling to chastise Philip, who was employing every means in his power to seduce her subjects from their religion and allegiance; but the circumstances of the times made it inexpedient to commit the nation to anything that could be construed into a direct act of aggression. The two sovereigns were to each other in a state of peaceable animosity, each "willing to wound, but yet afraid to strike." Elizabeth was a staunch Protestant; Philip the slave of the Pope and the tool

So called by Sir F. Drake (the nephew), but it is in fact Drake's Fifth Voyage to the West Indies.

of priests, Jesuits, and inquisitors. But it was not the policy of England to risk hostilities at home or abroad. The power of Spain was colossal, and the extent of her dominions both at home and abroad immense. At home, it embraced a sea-coast extending from the Mediterranean to the Netherlands, except that portion which belonged to France; abroad, the West India Islands, and two-thirds of the vast continent of America, were under her control; and her galleons traded even to the East Indies.

The naval and military forces of England were small in comparison with those of Spain; her ships greatly inferior in point of magnitude; and the want of colonies had checked her mercantile marine.

The particulars of Drake's voyage to the West Indies, the great object of which was to visit Nombre de Dios, then the storehouse and shipping place for the immense quantities of gold and silver obtained by Spain from Peru and Mexico, have been related by several of the old historians, Camden, Hakluyt, Purchas, Strype, &c.: but the details given in the following pages are chiefly taken from the small quarto volume entitled 'Sir Francis Drake Revived,' published in 1626 by Sir Francis Drake, the nephew of the great admiral. The title and dedication of this volume, which has now become extremely rare, are curious. The title is as follows:

"SIR FRANCIS DRAKE REVIVED, CALLING UPON THIS DULL OR EFFEMINATE AGE TO FOLOWE HIS NOBLE STEPS FOR GOLDE & SILVER, BY THIS MEMORABLE RELATION OF THE RARE OCCURRANCES (NEVER YET DECLARED TO THE WORLD) IN A THIRD VOYAGE MADE BY HIM INTO THE WEST INDIES, IN THE YEARS 1572 AND 1573. FAITHFULLY TAKEN OUT OF THE REPORTE OF MR. CHRISTOPHER CEELY, ELLIS, HIXON, AND OTHERS, WHO WERE IN THE SAME VOYAGE WITH HIM, BY PHILIP NICHOLS, PREACHER. REVIEWED ALSO BY SIR FRANCIS DRAKE HIMSELFE BEFORE HIS DEATH, AND MUCH HOLPEN AND ENLARGED, BY DIVERS NOTES, WITH HIS OWNE HAND, HERE AND THERE INSERTED.

DEDICATION.

"TO THE HIGH AND MIGHTY CHARLES THE FIRST OF GREAT BRITAIN, FRANCE, AND IRELAND, King, ALL THE BLESSINGS OF THIS AND A BETTER

LIFE.

"MOST GRACIOUS SOVERAIGNE,

"That this briefe treatise is yours, both by right and by succession, will appeare by the Author's and Actor's ensewing dedication. To praise either

the Mistress or the Servant, might justly incurre the censure of Quis eos unquam sanus vituperavit; either's worth having sufficiently blazed their fame. This present loseth nothing by glancing on former actions, and the observation of passed adventures may probably advantage future imployments; Cæsar writte his owne Commentaries, and this Doer was partly yo. Inditor: neither is there wanting living testimony to confirme its trueth; for his sake then cherish what's good and I shall willingly entertaine check for what's amisse: Your favourable acceptance may incourage my collecting of more neglected notes, however, though vertue (as Lands) be not inheritable. yet has he left of his name one that resolves, and therein joyes to approve himself

Then follows a letter from the admiral to Queen Elizabeth :—

"TO THE QUEENE'S MOST EXCELLENT MATIE:

"MY MOST DREAD SOVERAIGNE,

"MADAM, Seeing diverse have diverslie reported and written of these voyages and actions, which I have atempted and made, every one endeavourage to bring to light whatsoever Incklings or Conjectures they have had, whereby many untruthes have been published, and the certaine trueth concealed, as I have thought it necessary myselfe, as in a Card, to prick the principall points of the Counsails taken, attempts made, and successe had, during the whole course of my employment in these services against the Spaniard, not as setting saile for maintayning my reputation in men's judgment, but onlie as sitting at Helme, if occasion shall be, for conducting the like actions hereafter: So I have accounted it my dutie to present this discourse to your Matie as of right, either for itselfe being the first fruits of your Servants Penne, or for the matter, being service done to your Ma1ie by your poor Vassail, against your great Enemy, at such tymes, in such places, and after such sorte, as may seeme strange to those that are not acquainted with the whole cariage thereof, but will be a pleasing remembrance to your highnes, who take th' apparent height of th' Almighties favour toward you by these events, as truest Instruments, humbly submitting myself to your gracious censure, both in writing and presenting, that Posteritie be not deprived of such helpe as may hapilie be gained thereby, and our present Age at least may be satisfied in the rightfulnes of these Actions, which hitherto have bin silenced, and your servants labour not seeme altogether lost, but only in travell by sea and land, but also in writing the Report thereof, a worke to him no lesse troublesome, yet made pleasant and sweete, in that it hath bin, is, and shall be, for your Ma's content, to whom I have devoted myselfe, live or die.

"Jan: I. "1592."

"FRA: DRAKE.

The narrative commences thus:

"As there is a general vengeance which secretlie pursueth the doers of wrong, and suffereth them not to prosper, albeit no man of purpose impeach them: Soe there is a particular indignation ingraffed in the bosome of all that are wronged, which ceaseth not seeking by all meanes possible to redresse or remedie the wrong received, in so much that those great and mighty men, in whom their prosperous estate hath bredde such an overweening of themselves that they do not onlie wronge their Inferiours, but despise them, being injured, seeme to take a verie unfitt course for their own safety and farre unfitter for their rest. For as Æsop teacheth, Even ye FLY hath her spleene, and the EMMET is not without her choller: and both together many tymes finde meanes, whereby though the EAGLE lay her Eggs in JUPITER'S lappe, yet by one way or other she escapeth not requital of her wrong done to the EMMET.

"AMONG the manifold examples hereof which former ages have committed to memorie, or our tyme yealded to sight, I suppose there hath not bin any more notable then this in hand, either in respect of the greatness of the Person by whom the first Injurie was offered; or the meanenes of him who righteth himself: the one being (in his owne conceit) the mightiest MONARCH of all the world; the other an English CAPTAINE, a meane subject of her Majesties, who, (besides the wronges received at RIO DA HACHA with Captaine JOHN LOVELL in the years 65 and 66:) having bin grievously indamaged at ST. JOHN DE ULLOA in the Bay of MEXICO with CAPTAINE JOHN HAWKINS in the years 67: and 68: not only in the losse of his goods of some value, but also of his kinsmen and friends, and that by the falsehood of DON MARTIN HENRIQUEZ then the Vice Roy of MEXICO, and finding that no recompence could be recovred out of Spaine by any of his owne meanes or by her Maiesties letters: he used such help as he might by two severall voyages into the WEST INDIES; the first with two ships, the one called the DRAGON, the other the SWANNE, in the year 70: The other in the SWANNE alone, in the yeare 71: to gaine such intelligence as might further him to get some amende for his losse: And having in those two voyages gotten such certaine notice of the persons and places aymed at, as he thought requisite, and thereupon with good deliberation resolved on a third voyage (the description whereof wee have now in hand), he accordinglie prepared his ships and companie, and then taking the first opportunity of a goode winde had such successe in his proceedings, as now follows further to be declared.

"On WHITSON Eve, being the 24th of May in the yeare 1572, CAPTAINE DRAKE in the PASCHA of PLYMOUTH of 70 Tonnes, his Admirall, with the SWANNE of the same Porte of 25 Tonnes, his Vice-Admirall, in which his brother JOHN DRAKE was CAPTAINE, having in both of them, in men, and boyes, 73: all voluntarilie assembled, of which the eldest man was 50: all the rest under 30; so divided that there were 47 in one ship and 26 in the other, both richlie furnished with victuals and apparel for a whole yeare: and no lesse heedefully provided of all manner of Munition, Artillery, stuffe £nd tooles that were requisite for such a man of WARRE, in such an attempte,