men left there, with thirty others, by Captain Raymond some twenty days before.

[The precise locality of Croatan, or, as it is here written, Croatoan, is perhaps best settled by the ancient maps of North Carolina. According to the old chart of 1666, on which the rame first appears, as well as on an old German map of Nuremburg, Croatoan seems to have been some portion of the banks lying between Cape Lookout and Cape Hatteras ; perhaps the part now known as Borden's Banks, lying between old Topsail inlet and Bogue inlet, on the modern maps, having Bogue sound immediately north of it, and was in what is now the county of Carteret. On one of the later maps, however, another Croatoan, or rather Croatan, appears. Lawson, in his map, marks the present county of Tyrrel, opposite Roanoak island, by that name. The date of this, however, is 1709, and we have seen it on no other map among a dozen now before us. The Croatoan of the first adventurers was undoubtedly an island on the coast, and no part of the main land: for the first news of the arrival of Drake's fleet came to Lane from the man whom he had placed there to keep a lookout seaward for the expected supply ships. The approach of vessels could not have been seen from Tyrrel county. The paragraph of the narrative immediately preceding this note would also seem to imply that it was an island. A party with Manteo is sent "to the main," and another party sent the same day

66

to Croatoan," as if it were not on "the main." Beside, men were found on it who had been left by one of the ships that certainly never was on the shores of Tyrrel county. We shall, however, advert to this subject hereafter.]

The 8th, Captain Aubry and Captain Boniton returned with two of our men found by them, to us at Wococon.

The 11th day, the general, accompanied in his tilt boat with Master John Arundell, Master Stukely, and divers other gentlemen; Master Lane, Master Candish, Master Hariot, and twenty others in the new pinnacę; Captain Amadas, Captain Clarke with ten others in a ship-boat; Francis Brook and John White in another ship-boat, passed over the water from Wococon to the main land, victualled for eight days in which voyage we first discovered the towns of Pomeiok, Aquascogoc, and Secotan, and also the great lake called by the savages Paquipe, with divers other places, and so returned with that discovery to our fleet. The 12th, we came to the town of Pomeiok.

The 13th, we passed by water to Aquascogoc.

The 15th, we came to Secotan, and were well entertained there of the savages.

The 16th, we returned thence, and one of our boats, with the admiral, was sent to Aquascogoc, to demand a silver cup which one of the savages had stolen from us, and not receiving it according to his promise, we burned and spoiled their corn, all the people being fled.

The 18th, we returned from the discovery of Secotan, and the same day came aboard our fleet, riding at Wococon.

[From this paragraph we learn that Amadas was on this second voyage, as he had been on the first. Of Master Hariot, Master Lane, and John White, we shall hear again in the history of North Carolina colonization. At present we pass them by; each, hereafter, will tell his own story. Of the localities here mentioned, Pomeiok and Secotan were not unknown to Amadas, for they are mentioned in the narrative of his voyage. The first named was probably, as we have already said, the country lying between the head of Bay River and Newbern; and Secotan was, we think, on the head waters of Bay River, near or upon the boundary between Beaufort and Craven counties. Where was Aquascogoc, and where the "lake Paquipe?" As to the latter, it is here said to be "great." Martin says it was Matamuskeet, in Hyde county, and as no other lake in this region but that can be called "great" with any propriety, he is probably correct. It is more difficult, from our limited data, to form an opinion as to the situation of Aquascogoc. On the 12th of July, the party was in the town of Pomeiok they were then in the country lying between the head waters of Bay River and Newbern. On the 13th, (the next day,) they were at Aquascogoc, to which place they went by water. On the 15th, (two days after,) they were at Secotan; that is, on the borders of Beaufort and Craven, somewhere about the sources of Bay River. Aquascogoc, consequently, was some place to which they could go by water in one day from the country lying just southeast of Newbern. The only water by which they could then travel was the Neuse river, and this would make Aquascogoc the country lying nearer the mouth of the river, possibly somewhere about Broad creek, perhaps not so low down; two days after, we find them at the head of Bay river, and as they traveled by boat, two days, or part thereof, would be about the time they required to pull down to the mouth of the Neuse, and

up Bay river to the head of it. What confirms this is, that on the day after, (July 16,) we find them leaving Secotan, descending Bay river, and ascending, we think, the Neuse, to revisit Aquascogoc, which they reached on the 18th, (i. e. in two days,) and then took vengeance for the theft of a silver cup, by burning the town and destroying the growing corn. In one day after this destruction, they reached their ships, and this they might readily do from the locality we suppose to be Aquascogoc, by crossing the southern end of Pamlico sound.]

The 21st, our fleet anchoring at Wococon, we weighed anchor for Hatorask.

The 27th, our fleet anchored at Hatorask, and there we rested. The 29th, Granganimeo, brother to Wingina, came aboard the Admiral, and Manteo with him.

AUGUST.

The 2d, the Admiral was sent to Weapomeiok.

[Where was this place? The map of Barlowe, made on the first voyage, and published by De Bry, makes Weapomeiok the country lying immediately on the north side of Albermarle sound. The "Admiral" was "Master Philip Amadas." On the 25th of August, Greenville sailed for England, leaving, as we shall see, a colony behind him; his whole stay in North Carolina was about two months, from the 24th of June to the 25th of August.

The map subjoined was originally made by John Wyth, who was a member of the second expedition, and has been preserved by De Bry, from whom we derived our copy. On it we have endeavored to indicate all the Indian localities that have been named, according to the best opinion we can form from the data within our reach.]

The 5th, Master Arundell was sent for England.

The 25th, our general weighed anchor and set sail for England.

No. 4.

AN ACCOUNT

OF THE PARTICULARITIES OF THE EMPLOYMENTS OF

THE ENGLISHMEN

LEFT IN VIRGINIA BY

RICHARD GRANVILLE,

UNDER THE CHARGE OF

MASTER RALPH LANE,

GENERAL OF THE SAME;

FROM THE 17TH OF AUGUST, 1585, UNTIL THE 18TH OF JUNE, 1586,

AT WHICH TIME THEY DEPARTED THE COUNTRY.

SENT AND DIRECTED TO

SIR WALTER RALEIGH.

[From HAKLUYT'S VOYAGES, Vol. III., page 255.]

[This we suppose to be from the pen of Ralph Lane, and infer that it was

sent by him "from the new fort in Virginia" to his friend Hakluyt, who has preserved it for us.]

The names of those, as well gentlemen as others, that remained one whole year in Virginia, under the government of Master Ralph Lane:

MASTER PHILIP AMADAS, Admiral of the Country.