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No. 10.-Third Movements-RIGHT. The number and order of these movements are the same as in No. 8. The movements are executed by thrusting the arms directly up as high as possible to the points c and D, Fig. 14.

Third Position.

No. 11.-At the command, Third-POSITION, the students take the position of Fig. 15, in which the forearms are placed against the waist, with the backs of the fists out to the sides.

No. 12.-There are three classes of movements from the third position: the first of which is described in the direction A в, Fig. 15; the second, in the direction Ac; and the third, in the direction a D. The commands, and the number and order of the motions, are the same as those of the Second Position, p. 138.

Fourth Position.

No. 13. At the command, FourthPOSITION, the students place their fists back of and against their hips, with the backs of the hands out, the thumbs closed in front, and the elbows pressed down and toward each other, as represented in Fig. 16.

No. 14. The first class of movements from this position is executed in the direction A B; the second, in the direction a c; and the third, by describing the arc E D. In executing the third class of movements, the body will maintain a position as nearly vertical as possible. The outward or upward motions, which are produced with great vigor, terminate only when the fists are as high as, and in line with, the shoulders at the point D. The commands, and the number and order of the motions, are the same as those of the Second Position, p. 138.

Б

FIG. 16.

SECOND SERIES.

First Position.

No. 15.-The instructor will command: 1. Chest Exercise; 2. Second Series; 3. First-POSITION.

No. 16.-At the third command, the students will take the first position, as represented in Fig. 17. The backs of the fists are placed upon the breast, and the elbows are elevated as high as possible, preparatory to the movements.

No. 17.-The commands, the positions, the classes of movements, and the order, direction, and number of motions, are the same in the Second Series of Chest Exercises as in the First, with only the difference that the backs of the fists are always within, thus reversing the action of all the muscles.

The positions of the backs of

FIG. 17.

B

the hands, in all stages of execution of the movements of the FIRST SERIES, must be reversed in the SECOND.

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students will take all of the positions in regular order, and execute a class of movements from each in combination, as follows: At the command, RIGHT, the right member describes the first motion of the first class of movements, and recovers the commencing position; the first of the second; the first of the third; and, again, the first of the second. At the command, LEFT, the left member executes the same number of corresponding motions; and, finally, at the command, Bогн, both members execute these motions simultaneously, and immediately repeat their execution. For example, the class of combined movements from the first position of Chest Exercise, Fig. 13, will be executed as follows: First, the right arm describes the arc A B, and recovers the commencing position; then it makes a motion directly back in line with the shoulder, and recovers the commencing position; then it is thrown up, like the dotted arm, E, and brought back to the commencing position; and, finally, the horizontal motion is repeated. The same number of corresponding motions is then made with the left arm. In conclusion, both arms execute these motions simultaneously, and immediately repeat their execution.

No. 20.

FOURTH SERIES.'

First Position.

The instructor commands: 1. Chest Exercise; 2. Fourth Series; 3. First-POSITION.

No. 21.-At the last command, the students take the first position, fists at A and B, as represented in Fig. 18.

No. 22.-First Movements-RIGHT. At the command, RIGHT, the students commence inhaling air; and on one (the instructor, or an assistant, does the counting, or otherwise marks the time), they simultaneously strike the right lung smartly, near the lower ribs, with the right fist; on two, the hand recovers its commencing position at A; on three, the fist is struck against the lung immediately above the

'Fourth Series.-The exercises of this series tend to expand the lungs and increase the flexibility of all the muscles of the chest, and those of the

abdominal and dorsal region which are concerned in respiration. They are among the best preventives of consumption.

previous place; and so the right fist advances upward until, on seven, the right lung is struck just below the clavicle, or collar-bone, when the command, LEFT, is given, and the left lung is struck four times in like manner with the left fist. At the command, ALTERNATE, the lungs are struck alternately four times, when the instructor commands, BоTH, and the lungs are struck simultaneously, with both fists, four times.

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No. 23. Second Movements-RECIPROCATE. At this command, from the first position of Fig. 18, the student, on one, strikes the left lung near the lower ribs with the right fist; on two, the right fist recovers the commencing position, and the left one gives a corresponding blow to the right lung; on three, the left. fist recovers its commencing position, and the right one strikes the left lung just above the previous place. These reciprocating motions continue until, on eight, the left fist strikes the right lung just below the collar-bone, when the direction of the beating is reversed, and terminates with the lower ribs on the second eight. An immediate repetition of this beating up and down the chest completes the second class of movements from the first position. These movements should be executed with great rapidity.

FIG. 18.

No. 24. During the execution of these movements, the students will take deep inspirations, retaining the air in the lungs, when fully inflated, as long as possible, and then let the breath go out steadily and slowly, not permitting the air, however, to become completely exhausted at any time. Both the inspiration and expiration are done through the nose, the mouth remaining closed. The lungs are beaten smartly from the lower ribs up to the collar-bone; but the middle of the chest is not struck.

Second Position.

No. 25.-At the command, Second-POSITION, the students stretch the arms out sidewise as high as the shoulders, with the fists at c and D, Fig. 18. The remaining commands, and the classes of movements from this position, are the same as those of the first

position.

Third Position.

No. 26.-Third-POSITION. At this command, the arms will be so elevated as to place the fists at E and F, Fig. 18. The commands and the classes of movements are the same as those given from the first position; but the direction of the beating is reversed, commencing with the collar-bone.

No. 27. The instructor will frequently require the class in review to take the positions and execute the movements of an entire series of exercises without words of command. In that event, on the last accented motion of each class of movements, the students will take the position next in order, instead of resuming the commencing position.

IN

VOCAL EXERCISES.

Varieties.

N combining vocal exercises with Calisthenics, as is prescribed on p. 124, the instructor will employ only such varieties as are best adapted to the exercises under consideration at the time. A great variety is here introduced, for convenient reference.

I. COUNTING.

No. 28. The figures employed for indices show the number of motions that are made before one of the four general changes of a class of movements occurs. The motions from given positions are indicated by odd numbers, and those to recover commencing positions by even The heavy or accented syllables are indicated by accented vowels. They are prolonged or dwelt upon twice as long as light or

ones.

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