£ s. d. Inquiry into the Performance of Steam-vessels ........ 124 0 0 Explorations in the Yellow Sand. stone of Dura Den............. 20 0 0 Chemico-mechanical Analysis of Rocks and Minerals ............. 25 0 0 Researches on the Growth of Plants......... 10 0 0 Researches on the Solubility of Salts........... 30 0 0 Researches on the Constituents of Manures 25 0 0 Balance of Captive Balloon Ac. counts...... 1 13 6 £1241 7 0 1861. Maintaining the Establishment of Kew Observatory 500 0 0 Earthquake Experiments......... 25 0 0 Dredging North and East Coasts of Scotland.......... 23 0 Dredging Committee:1860 ...... £50 0 0 72 0 0 1861 £22 0 05 Excavations at Dura Den......... 20 0 0 Solubility of Salts 20 0 0 Steam-vessel Performance 150 0 0 Fossils of Lesmahago 15 0 0 Explorations at Uriconium 20 0 0 Chemical Alloys 20 0 0 Classified Index to the Transactions 100 0 0 Dredging in the Mersey and Dee 5 0 0 Dip Circle 30 0 0 Photoheliographic Observations 50 0 0 Prison Diet 20 0 0 Gauging of Water.................. 10 0 0 Alpine Ascents 6 5 1 Constituents of Manures 25 0 0 £1111 5 10 1862. Maintaining the Establishment of Kew Observatory 500 0 0 Patent Laws 21 6 0 Mollusca of N.-W. America...... 10 0 0 Natural History by Mercantile Marine 0 0 Tidal Observations 25 0 0 Photoheliometer at Kew 40 0 0 Photographic Pictures of the Sun 150 0 0 Rocks of Donegal. 25 0 0 Dredging Durham and Northumberland ......... 25 0 0 Connexion of Storins.. 20 0 0 Dredging North-east Coast of Scotland...... 6 S 6 Ravages of Teredo 3 11 0 Standards of Electrical Resistance 50 0 0 Railway Accidents 10 0 Balloon Committee 200 0 0 Dredging Dublin Bay 10 0 0 Dredging the Mersey 5 0 0 Prison Diet 20 0 0 Gauging of Water..... 12 10 0 1863. Maintaining the Establishment of Kew Observatory.......... 600 0 0 Balloon Committee deficiency... 70 Balloon Ascents (other expenses) 25 0 0 Entozoa ..... 25 0 0 Coal Fossils 20 0 0 Herrings 20 0 0 Granites of Donegal......... 5 0 0 Prison Diet..... 20 0 0 Vertical Atmospheric Movements 13 0 0 Dredging Shetland 50 0 0 Dredging North-east coast of Scotland 25 0 0 Dredging Northumberland and Durhan... 17 3 10 Dredging Committee superintendence. 10 0 0 Steamship Performance 100 0 0 Balloon Committee 200 0 0 Carbon under pressure.... 10 0 0 Volcanic Temperature 100 0 0 Bromide of Ammonium 8 0 0 Electrical Standards....... 100 0 0 Construction and distribu. tion 40 0 0 Luminous Meteors 17 0 0 Kew Additional Buildings for Photoheliograph 100 0 0 Thermo-Electricity 15 0 0 Analysis of Rocks 8 0 0 Hydroida 10 0 0 £1608 3 10 1864. Maintaining the Establishment of Kew Observatory............ 600 0 0 Coal Fossils 20 0 0 Vertical Atmospheric Movements... 20 0 0 Dredging Shetland 75 00 Dredging Northumberland 25 0 0 Balloon Committee ............... 200 0 0 Carbon under pressure. 10 0 0 Standards of Electric Resistance 100 0 0 Analysis of Rocks.................. 10 0 0 Hydroida 10 0 0 Askham's Gift 50 0 0 Nitrite of Amyle 10 0 0 Nomenclature Committee 5 0 0 Rain-Gauges .... 19 15 8 Cast-Iron Investigation 20 0 0 Tidal Observations in the Humber 50 00 Spectral Rays 45 0 0 Luminous Metcors 20 0 0 £1289 15 8 1865. Maintaining the Establishment of Kew Observatory. 600 0 0 Balloon Committee 100 0 0 Hydroida 13 0 0 ....................... ........ ............ ... ... ... ........ 50 8. d. Rain-Gauges .... 30 0 0 Tidal Observations in the Humber 6 8 0 Hexylic Compounds... 20 0 0 Amyl Compounds... 20 0 0 Irish Flora 25 0 0 American Mollusca 3 90 Organic Acids 20 0 0 Lingula Flags-Excavation 10 0 0 Eurypterus 50 0 0 Electrical Standards...... 100 0 0 Malta Caves Researches 30 0 0 Oyster Breeding 25 0 0 Gibraltar Caves Researches 150 0 0 Kent's Hole Excavations ...... 100 0 0 Moon's Surface Observations 35 0 0 Marine Fauna 25 0 0 Dredging Aberdeenshire 25 0 0 Dredging Channel Islands 50 0 0 Zoological Nomenclature...... 5 0 0 Resistance of Floating Bodies in Water 100 0 0 Bath Waters Analysis 8 10 0 Luminous Meteors 40 00 €1591 7 10 1866. Maintaining the Establishment of Kew Observatory 600 0 0 Lunar Committee... 64 13 Balloon Committee 50 0 Metrical Committee.. 50 0 British Rainfall...... 0 Kilkenny Coal Fields 16 0 0 Alum Bay Fossil Leaf-Bed 15 0 0 Luminous Meteors 50 0 0 Lingula Flags Excavation 20 0 0 Chemical Constitution of Cast Iron 50 0 0 Amyl Compounds..... 0 0 Electrical Standards.. 100 0 0 Malta Caves Exploration.. 30 0 0 Kent's Hole Exploration 200 0 0 Marine Fauna, &c., Devon and Cornwall 25 0 0 Dredging Aberdeenshire Coast... 25 0 0 Dredging Hebrides Coast... 50 0 0 Dredging the Mersey 5 0 0 Resistance of Floating Bodies in Water 50 0 0 Polycyanides of Organic Radicals 20 0 0 Rigor Mortis 10 0 0 Irish Annelida 15 0 0 Catalogue of Crania 50 0 0 Didine Birds of Mascarene Islands 50 00 Typical Crania Researches 30 0 0 Palestine Exploration Fund...... 100 0 0 £1750 13 4 1867. Maintaining the Establishment £ S. d. Metrical Committee ..... 30 0 0 Kent's Hole Explorations 100 0 0 Palestine Explorations..... 50 0 0 Insect Fauna, Palestine 30 0 0 British Rainfall.. 50 0 0 Kilkenny Coal Fields 25 0 0 Alum Bay Fossil Leaf.Bed 25 0 0 Luminous Meteors 50 0 Bournemouth, &c. Leaf-Beds 30 0 0 Dredging Shetland 75 0 0 Steamship Reports Condensation 100 0 0 Electrical Standards................ 100 0 0 Ethyle and Methyle series 25 0 0 Fossil Crustacea 25 0 0 Sound under Water 24 4 0 North Greenland Fauna 75 00 Do. Plant Beds 100 0 0 Iron and Steel Manufacture 25 0 0 Patent Laws 25 ............ of Kew Observatory............ 600 0 0 Meteorological Instruments, Pa. lestine 50 0 0 Lunar Committee....... 120 00 .................... 30 0 0 £1739 40 1868. Maintaining the Establishment of Kew Observatory.... 600 0 0 Lunar Committee.... 120 00 Metrical Committee............... 50 0 0 Zoological Record 100 0 0 Kent's Hole Explorations 150 0 0 Steamship Performances .......... 100 0 0 British Rainfall 50 0 0 Luminous Meteors 50 0 0 Organic Acids 60 0 Fossil Crustacea 25 0 0 Methyl series 25 0 0 Mercury and Bile. 25 0 0 Organic remains in Limestone Rocks 25 0 0 Scottish Earthquakes 20 0 0 Fauna, Devon and Cornwall 30 0 0 British Fossil Corals.......... 50 0 0 Bagshot Leaf-beds 50 0 0 Greenland Explorations 100 0 0 Fossil Flora 25 0 0 Tidal Observations 100 0 0 5 0 0 Secondary Reptiles, &c. 30 0 British Marine Invertebrate Fauna 100 0 0 £1940 0 0 1869. Maintaining the Establishment of Kew Observatory.......... 600 0 0 Lunar Committee ... 50 0 0 Metrical Committee.. 25 0 0 ical Record.... 100 25 0 0 British Rainfall.. 50 0 0 Thermal Conductivity of Iron, &c...... 30 0 0 Kent's Hole Explorations 150 0 0 Steamship Performances.......... 30 0 0 ....... £ 8. d. Chemical Constitution of Cast Iron 80 0 0 Iron and Steel Manufacture 100 0 0 Methyl Series 30 0 0 Organic remains in Limestone Rocks...... 10 0 0 Earthquakes in Scotland.. 10 0 0 British Fossil Corals 50 0 0 Bagshot Leaf-Beds 30 0 0 Fossil Flora 25 0 0 Tidal Observations 100 0 0 Underground Temperature 30 0 0 Spectroscopic Investigations of Animal Substances 5 0 0 Organic Acids 12 0 0 Kiltorcan Fossils 20 0 0 Chemical Constitution and Phy siological Action Relations 15 0 0 Mountain Limestone Fossils ...... 0 ... 25 0 0 Utilization of Sewage 10 0 0 Products of Digestion 10 0 0 €1622 0 0 1871. Maintaining the Establishment of Kew Observatory ........ 600 0 0 Monthly Reports of Progress in Chemistry ... 100 0 0 Metrical Committee... 25 0 0 Zoological Record...... 100 0 Thermal Equivalents of the Oxides of Chlorine 10 0 0 Tidal Observations 100 0 0 Fossil Flora 25 0 0 Luminous Meteors 30 0 0 British Fossil Corals..... 25 9 0 Heat in the Blood 7 2 6 British Rainfall.... 50 0 0 Kent's Hole Explorations 150 00 Fossil Crustacea 25 0 0 Methyl Compounds 25 0 0 Lunar Objects 20 0 0 Fossil Corals Sections, for Pho. tographing........ 20 0 Bagshot Leaf-Beds 20 0 0 Moab Explorations 100 0 0 Gaussian Constants 40 0 0 €1472 2 6 1870. Maintaining the Establishment of Kew Observatory. 600 0 0 Metrical Committee .. 25 0 0 Zoological Record 100 0 0 Committee on Marine Fauna 20 0 0 Ears in Fishes 10 0 0 Chemical nature of Cast Iron 80 0 0 Luminous Meteors 30 0 0 Heat in the Blood 15 0 0 British Rainfall......... 100 0 0 Thermal Conductivity of Iron &c. 2000 British Fossil Corals...... 50 0 0 Kent's Hole Explorations 150 0 0 Scottish Earthquakes 4 0 0 ............... General Meetings. On Wednesday Evening, August 2, at 8 P.M., in the Music Hall, Professor T. H. Huxley, LL.D., F.R.S., F.L.S., President, resigned the office of President to Professor Sir William Thomson, LL.D., F.R.S., who took the Chair, and delivered an Address, for which see page lxxxiv, On Thursday Evening, August 3, at 8.30 p.m., in the Music Hall, F. A. Abel, Esq. F.R.S., Director of the Chemical Department, Royal Arsenal, Woolwich, delivered a Discourse on “ Some Recent Investigations and Applications of Explosive Agents." On Friday Evening, August 4, at 8 P.M., a Soirée took place in the University Library. On Monday Evening, August 7, at 8.30 P.M., in the Music Hall, E. B. Tylor, Esq., delivered a Discourse on “ The Relation of Primitive to Modern Civilization." On Tuesday Evening, August 8, at 8 P.M., a Soirée took place in the Museum of Science and Art. On Wednesday, August 9, at 2.30 P.M., the concluding General Meeting took place, when the Proceedings of the General Committee, and the Grants of Money for Scientific purposes, were explained to the Members. The Meeting was then adjourned to Brighton*. * The Meeting is appointed to take place on Wednesday, August 14, 1872. а ADDRESS OF SIR WILLIAM THOMSON, Knt., LL.D., F.R.S., PRESIDENT. 66 For the third time of its forty years' history the British Association is assembled in the metropolis of Scotland. The origin of the Association is connected with Edinburgh in undying memory through the honoured names of Robison, Brewster, Forbes, and Johnston. In this place, from this Chair, twenty-one years ago, Sir David Brewster said :-"On the return of the British Association to the metropolis of Scot“ land I am naturally reminded of the small band of pilgrims who carried “ the seeds of this Institution into the more genial soil of our sister land.” “Sir John Robison, Professor Johnston, and Professor J. D. “ Forbes were the earliest friends and promoters of the British Association. “ They went to York to assist in its establishment, and they found there the very men who were qualified to foster and organize it. The Rev. Mr. “ Vernon Harcourt, whose name cannot be mentioned here without grati“ tude, had provided laws for its government, and, along with Mr. Phillips, “ the oldest and most valuable of our office-bearers, had made all those “ arrangements by which its success was ensured. Headed by Sir Roderick “ Murchison, one of the very earliest and most active advocates of the “ Association, there assembled at York about 200 of the friends of science.” The statement I have read contains no allusion to the real origin of the British Association. This blank in my predecessor's historical sketch I am able to fill in from words written by himself twenty years earlier. Through the kindness of Professor Phillips I am enabled to read to you part of a letter to him at York, written by David Brewster from Allerly by Melrose, on the 23rd of February, 1831: ~ Dear Sir,—I have taken the liberty of writing you on a subject of con“siderable importance. It is proposed to establish a British Association of “ men of science similar to that which has existed for eight years in Ger“ many, and which is now patronized by the most powerful Sovereigns of that part of Europe. The arrangements for the first meeting are in and “ it is contemplated that it shall be held in York, as the most central city for “ the three kingdoms. My object in writing you at present is to beg that you “ would ascertain if York will furnish the accommodation necessary for so progress; a |
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