CONTENTS.

Letter from the Secretary submitting the Annual Report of the Regents to
Congress...

General subjects of the annual report..........

Contents of the report..........

List of plates..

Officials of the Institution and its branches.......

Page.

III

IV

V

VII

IX

Appendix I. Report on the United States National Museum.

II. Report on the Bureau of American Ethnology.

32

33

40

VII. Report on the International Catalogue of Scientific Literature...

VIII. Report on the Publications..

IX. Report on Alaska-Yukon-Pacific Exposition....

X. Report on Pan-American Scientific Congress.

REPORT OF THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE.

Page.

Condition of the fund July 1, 1909....

97

Receipts and disbursements July 1, 1908, to June 30, 1909

Summary of appropriations by Congress.

98

100

PROCEEDINGS OF BOARD OF REGENTS.

Meetings of December 15, 1908, and February 10, 1909..........

102

ACTS AND RESOLUTIONS OF CONGRESS.

Acts of Sixtieth Congress, second session, relative to the Smithsonian Institu-

tion and its branches.

113

GENERAL APPENDIX.

The future of mathematics, by Henri Poincaré

123

What constitutes superiority in an airship, by Paul Renard.

141

Researches in radiotelegraphy, by J. A. Fleming.

157

Recent progress in physics, by Sir J. J. Thomson.

185

Production of low temperatures, and refrigeration, by L. Marchis..

207

The nitrogen question from the military standpoint, by Charles E. Munroe...

Simon Newcomb, by Ormond Stone..

225

237

Solar-radiation researches by Jules César Janssen, by H. de la Baume Plu-

vinel..

243

The return of Halley's Comet, by W. W. Campbell..

253

The upper air, by E. Gold and W. A. Harwood

261

The formation, growth, and habit of crystals, by Paul Gaubert..

271

The distribution of the elements in igneous rocks, by Henry S. Washington..

The mechanism of volcanic action, by H. J. Johnston-Lavis..

Conservation of natural resources, by James Douglas....

The antarctic land of Victoria, by Maurice Zimmermann.

279

305

317

331

Some results of the British antarctic expedition, 1907–9, by E. H. Shackleton..

The oceanography of the Sea of Greenland, by D. Damas..

355

369

From the Niger, by Lake Chad, to the Nile, by Lieut. Boyd Alexander..

Mesopotamia: Past, present, and future, by Sir William Willcocks.....

Albert Gaudry and the evolution of the animal kingdom, by Ph. Glangeaud..

Charles Darwin, by August Weismann...

385

401

417

431

Present problems in plant ecology: Problems of local distribution in arid

regions, by Volney M. Spalding..........

453

The instinct of self-concealment and the choice of colors in the crustacea, by

Romuald Minkiewicz............

465

The origin and development of parasitical habits in the Cuculidæ, by C. L.

Barrett

487

Some remarks on the protective resemblance of South African birds, by Alwin

Haagner..

493

An inquiry into the history of the current English names of North American

land birds, by Spencer Trotter ....

505

Condition of wild life in Alaska, by Madison Grant.....

521

Recent discoveries bearing on the antiquity of man in Europe, by George

Grant MacCurdy

531

European population of the United States, by W. Z. Ripley....

The Republic of Panama and its people, by Eleanor Yorke Bell.

585

607

Ceramic decoration: Its evolution and its applications, by Louis Franchet..

Some notes on Roman architecture, by F. T. Baggallay..

The relation of science to human life, by Adam Sedgwick.

Intellectual work among the blind, by Pierre Villey..

639

651

669

683

The relation of mosquitoes, flies, ticks, fleas, and other arthropods to pathol-

ogy, by G. Marotel..

703

Natural resistance to infectious disease and its reinforcement, by Simon Flexner.

723

THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION.

JUNE 30, 1909.

Presiding officer ex officio.-WILLIAM H. TAFT, President of the United States.
Chancellor.-MELVILLE W. FULLER, Chief Justice of the United States.
Members of the Institution:

WILLIAM H. TAFT, President of the United States.

JAMES S. SHERMAN, Vice-President of the United States.
MELVILLE W. FULLER, Chief Justice of the United States.

PHILANDER C. KNOX, Secretary of State.

FRANKLIN MACVEAGH, Secretary of the Treasury.
JACOB M. DICKINSON, Secretary of War.
GEORGE W. WICKERSHAM, Attorney-General.
FRANK H. HITCHCOCK, Postmaster-General.
GEORGE VON L. MEYER, Secretary of the Navy.

RICHARD A. BALLINGER, Secretary of the Interior.

JAMES WILSON, Secretary of Agriculture.

CHARLES NAGEL, Secretary of Commerce and Labor.

Regents of the Institution:

MELVILLE W. FULLER, Chief Justice of the United States, Chancellor.

JAMES S. SHERMAN, Vice-President of the United States.

SHELBY M. CULLOM, Member of the Senate.

HENRY CABOT LODGE, Member of the Senate.

A. O. BACON, Member of the Senate.

JOHN DALZELL, Member of the House of Representatives.

JAMES R. MANN, Member of the House of Representatives.

WILLIAM M. HOWARD, Member of the House of Representatives.

JAMES B. ANGELL, citizen of Michigan.

ANDREW D. WHITE, citizen of New York.

JOHN B. HENDERSON, citizen of Washington, D. C.

Alexander Graham BelL, citizen of Washington, D. C.

GEORGE GRAY, citizen of Delaware.

CHARLES F. CHOATE, Jr., citizen of Massachusetts.

Executive Committee.-J. B. HENDERSON, ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL, JOHN

DALZELL.

Secretary of the Institution.-CHARLES D. WALCOTT.

Assistant Secretary.-RICHARD RATHBUN.

Chief Clerk.-HARRY W. DORSEY.

Accountant and Disbursing Agent.-W. I. ADAMS.
Editor.-A. HOWARD CLARK.