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The London Indisputable Life Policy Company.

INCORPORATED BY ACT OF PARLIAMENT. No. 31, LOMBARD-STREET, LONDON.

TRUSTEES.

J. Campbell Renton, Esq., M.D. Richard Malins, Esq., Q.C. Richard Spooner, Esq., M.P. James Fuller Madox, Esq. William Wilberforce, Esq.

DIRECTORS.

William Adams, Esq.
John Atkins, Esq.

Henry Augustus Bevan, Esq.
John Dangerfield, Esq.
Robert Henry Forman, Esq.
John Hamilton, Esq.
James Fuller Madox, Esq.
John Matthews, Esq.
Charles O. Parnell, Esq.

AUDITORS.

George Cumming, Esq.
James Turner, Esq.
Samuel Field, Esq.

William Ghrimes Kell, Esq.

MEDICAL ADVISER.

Benjamin Phillips, Esq., F.R.S.

BANKERS.

Messrs. Spooner, Attwood, and Co.

SOLICITORS.

Messrs. Atkins and Andrew.

SECRETARY.

David Alison, Esq.

The POLICIES are INDEFEASIBLE and INDISPUTABLE, which renders them certain as Family provisions, and negotiable instruments of security for pecuniary transactions.

To remove all doubt upon this important subject, at present, and for all future time, the following clause has been inserted in the Deed of Incorporation of the Company; Clause 84.

"That every Policy issued by the Company shall be indefeasible and indisputable, and that the fact of issuing the same shall be conclusive evidence of the validity of the Policy, and it shall not be lawful for the Company to delay payment of the money assured thereby on the ground of any error, mistake or omission, however important, made by or on the part of the person or persons effecting such Assurance, and that on the contrary, the amount so assured shall be paid at the time stipulated by the Policy, as if so much error, mistake or omission had been made or discovered."

The whole Profits belonging to the Assured.

ALEXANDER ROBERTSON, Manager.

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On Certain Researches of Mr. Boole, and the Symbol of Infinity. By James Cockle, Esq., M.A., Barrister-at-Law

126

On the Times in which a Sum of Money will Double Itself .......................................... 125 The Invention of the Dredging-machine Specification of Needham's Patent Improvements in Fire-arms-(with engraving) ......... 127 The Seven Lamps of Architecture. By John Ruskin (Review).................................................................... 128 Bain's Electro-chemical Printing TelegraphExhibition at Paris

......... 131 Stelling's Process of Making Amber Varnish 131 Heating Fluids by the Circulation of Heated Metal in Pipes-Smith's Patent.................. 132 Notes on Heating and Ventilating-Compiled from the Unpublished MSS. of the Late Brig. Gen. Sir Samuel Bentham............... 133 Law of Patents-Extracts from Minutes of Evidence-(Continued).................................................................... 137 Specifications of English Patents Enrolled during the Week:

Carteron-Mordants

Pinchbeck-Steam Engines

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139

140

Harrison and Others-Looms............ 140 Taylor-Facing Walls ............... 140 Webster-Gas

141

Furlong-Castors

141

Sleigh-Preventing Railway Accidents 141 Brown-Perforating, Riveting, &c. ... 141 Tooth-Earthenware Articles............ 141 Clarkson-Leather.....

............ 141

143

Snowden-Moulding Artificial Fuel... 142 Browne-Rigging Vessels, &c............ 142 Hill-fron .......................................................... 142 Parish-Lamps .............................. 142 Barnes-Bleaching, &c. .................. 143 Weekly List of New English Patents ........ Monthly List of Irish Patents ..................... 143 Weekly List of New Articles of Utility Registered.................................................................. Advertisements..................................

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LONDON: Edited, Printed, and Published, by Joseph Clinton Robertson, of No. 166, Ficetstreet, in the city of London, and 998, Newstreet, Birmingham.-Sold by A. and W. Galignani, Rue Vivienne, Paris; Machin and Co., Dublin; W. C. Campbell and Co., Hamburgh.

MUSEUM, REGISTER, JOURNAL, AND GAZETTE. SATURDAY, AUGUST 18, 1849. [Price 3d., Stamped, 4d.

No. 1358.]

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FISHER'S PATENT IMPROVEMENTS IN COKE OVENS.-(CONTINUED FROM. p. 124.)

Mr. Fisher describes, secondly, some improvements in the method of charging coke ovens, before referred to as having been patented by Mr. Cox:

Fig. 12 is a front elevation, and fig. 13 a back elevation of an oven embodying my said improvements. Fig. 14 is a plan of two of a series of such ovens; fig. 15 is a section on the line A B of fig. 14; fig. 16 is a longitudinal section of the pier which separates the pair of ovens in fig. 14 on the line IK. Figs. 15" and 16" are sections of an oven constructed according to Cox's patent, taken on the same lines as the sections of my improved oven given in figs. 15 and 16, in order to show more clearly the differences in construction between them. Fig. 17 is a section on the line LM of the plan fig. 14. Fig. 18 is a plan of the floor, with the door of the oven and the aperture at the back open; and fig. 19 is a horizontal plan of the oven above the door, where the front air flues, b1 b1, and back air flues, bb (as in figs. 12, 13, 15, 16, 17,) enter the

ovens.

N, figs. 15 and 15", is the oven.

F, fig. 15, is the hole for charging the oven with coal or slack (see also figs. 4 and 7 of the engravings described under the first head of this specification).

G, figs. 15, 15", and 17, is the top arch, and H the bottom arch. The bottom arch, H (see fig. 15), is not carried through to the back of the oven, but stops short at W, leaving an open space, R, the whole width of the oven, and immediately beneath the charging hole, F, which enables me to introduce the coal or slack direct to the oven from the top, and at the back thereof, without passing through more than one arch. By referring to fig. 15, it will be seen that in Cox's oven, the bottom arch is carried quite through to the back, and that the same thing could only be effected by cutting a passage through both arches, as indicated by the dotted lines, V. The opening, R, fig. 16, serves also as a passage for the ascent of the gases from the interior of the oven into the flue, C, which runs along the top of the oven between the top and bottom arches, G and H; a a, figs. 13, 14, 16, 17, are the air flues over and through the top arch, as described under the first head of this specification. 11 are air holes in the front, and bb other air holes in the back of the oven, as in figs. 12, 13, 15, 16, 17, 19.

D is a discharge flue common to the pair of ovens in fig. 14, and into which the used gases from the ovens escape through the passages, cc and hh, and unite at d, as in the ovens first before described.

Fig. 15" is a passage of the whole width of the oven, for the escape of the gases from the interior into the flue, C, which leads to the chimney; h is an air hole, which leads from the front of the oven into the flue, C; and i, fig. 16", is another flue, which conveys the air from the front to the back of the pier (separating a pair of ovens), and is continued at k across the back, with lateral openings into the interior of the

oven.

Sometimes, instead of using the opening, R, fig. 15, for the passage of the gases from the interior of the oven into the over-flue, C, the patentee makes a separate opening for the purpose in the front, similar to that marked Q in Cox's oven, fig. 15′′, and of the entire width of the oven; but in that case, he stops the flue at the part W, and carries up a wall from that part to the upper arch, G, as indicated in dotted lines in figs. 14 and 16.

Again; he sometimes shortens the top arch, G, instead of the lower arch, H; that is to say, he carries it no further than the point, W, and carries the lower arch quite to the back of the oven, but leaves an opening in it immediately under the charging opening, F.

But he prefers, on the whole, the plan first described, because by this plan he is enabled to carry the discharge flue, D, the whole length of the separating pier, as shown in figs. 14 and 16.

Mr. Fisher describes, thirdly, a distributing break which is to be applied to coke ovens, for the purpose of intercepting the coal or slack when thrown in from the top, through an opening such as that before mentioned (F, figs. 4, 7, 14,15,) and spreading it more evenly over the interior of the oven than heretofore.

When the coal or slack is thrown in as usual without anything to break its fall, it descends heavily on one part of the bottom of the oven, and becomes heaped up there in a very compressed state; whereas, to effect the coking well, the coal or slack should be spread evenly over the entire floor of the oven, so that the heat may the more completely permeate the entire mass. The construction of the distributing break which I employ is represented in fig. 20, and also in fig. 7 of the engravings described under the first head of this specification. It consists of two iron plates, b, b, b, b, and c, c, c, c, of which skeleton representations are given in fig. 20, which are swivelled to one common shaft, A, and are free to diverge to any extent permitted by the chord chains, EE. When used it is dropped end

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wise, and in a folded or collapsed state, down the hole, F (figs. 4, 7, 14, and 15), by means of the chain, B. It is then turned round on its face by the chains, DD, and made secure by these chains to the top of the outside of the oven, as shown in fig. 7, on which the plates expand and assume the roof-like position represented in fig. 20, and serve not only to break the force of the fall of the coal or slack, but to distribute it over the floor of the oven. To raise the apparatus out of the way, it is only necessary to ease the chains, DD, and pull up by the chain, B, when the plates will collapse as before, and return through the hole.

Mr. Fisher describes, fourthly, certain other machinery or apparatus to be used in connection with coke ovens, for the purpose of drawing or discharging the coke from the oven; and also certain alterations in the construction of the ovens, in order to adapt parts of such machinery or apparatus thereto.

"cold

I use for this purpose what I call a cradle," of which a plan is given in fig. 21. A, B, C, is a square or other shaped rod which is passed through a tube, H, I, K, which may be of either of the forms shown in the cross-sections, G and N, (fig. 22) or of any other suitable form, and then through an aperture in a back draw plate, DE, set on its edge, beyond which it terminates in a screwed end, to which a nut, F (fig. 23), is fitted. The rod, A, B, C, and draw-plate, D E, may be connected in any suitable manner. The mode in which I use the apparatus is as follows:-Either before, or during the charging of the oven, I place the tube, H, I, K, (detached from the other parts) on the floor of the oven, as represented in fig. 10% of the first set of engravings before described, and leave it there during the process of coking. When the process has been completed, and it is desired to discharge the coke, I remove the tiles and bricks, F2, f, and G, from the front and back of the oven (see fig. 4) and insert at the opening, W, (fig. 2), the draw-plate, D E. I next pass the rod from the opposite end through the tube and back-plate, and make it fast by the nut, F, after which I attach a rope or chain to the eye at the near end, A, of the rod. The "cold cradle" is now ready to be drawn forwards, in which position it is represented in fig. 11, and when drawn forwards it brings of necessity along with it, the whole of the mass of coke within the oven. I call it a "cold cradle" because the parts, namely, the rod and draw-plate, which are most liable to tear and wear (especially if used in a heated state) are not left in the

oven during the process of coking, and are exposed to the heat only when in actual use, and while yet in a cold state. The tube suffers nothing, because it is completely enclosed in the coke, and thus protected from oxidation, besides which it is always in a state of rest, and not subjected (like the rod and draw-plate) to tension or deflection, or other disturbing force of any kind.

Instead of using a tube through which to pass the rod, passages for it may be made in or on the floor of the oven, as indicated by the letters g and p, in figures 1 and 2, or in the side walls at m and n, in fig. 6a, or in any part part of the side walls above m and n; these passages being open at the sides next the oven, and covered during the process of coking, by pieces of angle iron, or other material. But I prefer the tube, as being on the whole attended with the least trouble.

Instead also of the mass of coke being drawn out of the oven it may be pushed out by applying a rod to the back of the plate DE; but there is a practical disadvantage attending such an inversion of the process. When the drawing out plan is followed, the coke can be drawn out to any distance from the oven, on to the floor in front, there to be watered and cooled, without the least inconvenience, but to push out the coke to the same extent from behind, it would be requisite to use rods of such a length, that they would be difficult to handle and exceedingly liable to become warped.

When ovens are built back to back (as is sometimes the case), and the introduction of the draw plate at the back is thereby rendered impracticable, I use a drawing apparatus of the description represented in figs. 24 and 25. D E, is a draw plate, as before, which is placed at the back of the oven before charging; and H I K, fig. 21, are two tubes, which are also, before charging, laid on the floor of the oven, parallel to each other, or in any suitable position with respect to, and at a distance apart conformable to the width of the oven. Both the tubes and draw-plate remain in the oven during the process of coking. On proceed.. ing to draw the oven, the rods, a a, are passed through the tubes, H, I, K, and through two sockets or bosses, i, k, m, in the draw-plate, of the form represented on an enlarged scale in the section fig. 25; and to the inner ends of the rods, a a, short cross pieces, cc, are attached, which on being turned half round catch hold of the draw-plate. After the rods are in their places, a connecting-bar, or brace, d, is passed through eye-holes in the near ends of the rods, and a rope, or chain, e, is attached to the centre of the brace, d, by

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