nity,' says Dr. Spurzheim, of comparing his organization with the previous manifestations of his mind, which cannot be considered as the result of education, but of internal impulse and intuitive reflection. You may conceive that I have derived great pleasure from finding his organization conformable to the manifestations of his mind. He is intelligent and good-natured; so is the brain. The coronal part is more developed than behind the ears. He has adhesiveness, destructiveness, secretiveness, approbation, benevolence, comparison, and causality strong. Self-esteem and cautiousness are less. Destructiveness is active under opposition, or if he likes to get rid of any thing. When he has got new clothes, of which he is very fond, he has torn the old ones and thrown them into a river, in order to prevent his relatives to give them to him again. In short, there are many facts which prove the activity of the organs I have mentioned. I had, twice, long conversations with his sister, who takes so great pains in his treatment; and I was three hours with Mitchell himself. He is twenty years of age, and stout.'

I have dwelt thus long on Dr. Spurzheim's visit to Scotland, because that visit was the cause of permanently establishing his doctrines in the British islands, and more widely diffusing them over other regions. It was in Edinburgh he had the good fortune to meet Mr. Combe-to convince him of the truth of his science, and to leave him not only an enthusiastic disciple, but a practical and skilful master and teacher of phré

nology. Since we have lost Spurzheim, he is now the main buttress and support of this noble edifice. He was the first to establish a phrenological society in his native city, and to contribute to the establishment of similar societies elsewhere. They have been numerous in the British empire, on the Continent, and in America, and have even reached Van-Diemen's Land, almost our antipodes. They were requisite in the infancy of the science. In a little time it will flourish, like astronomy and chemistry, without adventitious assistance. Under his auspices also the phrenological journal has greatly advanced the interests of this science and his convincing and powerful writings, have left the adversaries of phrenology little now to object, and its friends little more to desire.

On Spurzheim's return to London, after a little repose, which was necessary after so much excitement and so many conflicts, he resumed his lectures, and delivered alternate courses in the city, and west end of the town, which were well attended. His permanent residence was in Foley-place, Portland-street. But he frequently accepted invitations to lecture in the larger towns of England, and wherever he lectured he grafted a durable and flourishing scion.

He occasionally visited Paris, and permanently (as he then conceived) settled there in the year 1818. For at this juncture he married Mademoiselle Perier; and so attached were her relatives to this amiable man, that they induced him to make that city his biding

place. At that period the press of France was comparatively free, and the progress of truth, if not encouraged by the government, was at least not repressed. He delivered his lectures to large and attentive classes, and was prosperous, comfortable, and happy. Mrs. Spurzheim was a pleasing, accomplished, and valuable woman. Those beautiful drawings which Spurzheim exhibited at his lectures were the production of her pencil. In the year 1820 I had the gratification of witnessing their prosperity, comfort, and happiness, at their hospitable mansion in the Rue de Richelieu, in Paris. But their enjoyments were not long permitted to continue. The Jesuits contrived to mine their way to a predominating influence with the French government-the liberty of the press was curtailed-and public lectures were forbidden without a state license. But discussions, whether political, scientific, or religious, are equally unpalatable to the Jesuits; and at that period (1822) the Jesuits governed the government.

By the law as it then stood, Spurzheim might have lectured to a class of twenty individuals; but he was refused a license to instruct a larger class. I do not know how long he struggled with this oppression; but during his residence in Paris, he published his Observations sur la Phrenologie ou la Connaissance morale et intellectuelle, fondée sur les fonctions du Système Nerveux.' This was in 1818. In 1820, he published his Essai Philosophique sur la nature morale et intellectuelle de l'homme;' but for a few years he

distributed his time, as circumstances induced him, between France and England.

In May, 1826, he writes from his residence, Gowerstreet, London, 'The pleasure to see you and my friends in Dublin is postponed. I return to France for the present, and am willing to pay a visit to Dublin at the beginning of the next winter, if a class can be assured. If this be impossible, I remain in England. Here the progress of Phrenology is extraordinary. I have lectured at the London Institution to such an audience as never before was brought together by any scientific subject.'

In the interval which he divided between Paris and London he published several works in the English language: his essay on the principles of Education, Philosophical principles of Phrenology, Observations on Insanity, Sketch of the natural Laws of Man, Anatomy of the Brain and Nerves, and other smaller works, some of which have passed through more editions than one. His great work on Phrenology had arrived at its third edition in 1825.

In 1827, he lectured at Cambridge, where he was received with distinguished respect. The use of the public lecture-rooms of the University were granted to him by the Vice-Chancellor. But the liberality of Cambridge has become proverbial as contrasted with the moody and bigoted spirit of her learned sister.

He also lectured with the most triumphant success at Bath, Bristol, and Hull; and from the last men

tioned town continued his journey to Edinburgh, where he arrived, by invitation, in the first week of January, 1828. He was accompanied by Mrs. Spurz

heim.

On this occasion his reception formed a strong contrast to that which he had experienced eleven years before. There was no longer the smile of incredulity, or the watchful look, eager to pounce on the expected blunder, extravagance, or absurdity; but all was sincere respect, profound attention, and anxious cordiality. He delivered two general courses; and a third confined to the anatomy and pathology of the Brain; and on those several occasions his classes were numerous, respectable, and intelligent.

But the most gratifying incident accompanying this visit, was a dinner given in honor of Dr. Spurzheim, by the Phrenological Society, on Friday, the 25th of January. The enthusiasm of that day will not readily be forgotten by those who had the happiness of being present. The most conspicuous were Mr. Combe, Sir George Stewart Mackenzie, the Honorable David Gordon Haliburton, Mr. Neill, and Mr. Simpson, all active, energetic, laborious, devoted phrenologists.

Powerful must have been the impression when Mr. Combe, the president of the day, proposed the health of Dr. Spurzheim; and avowed the pleasure he took in repeating that he owed every thing he possessed in the science to him; that his lectures fixed his wandering conceptions, and directed them to the TRUE