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20

If yet, while pardon may be found,
And mercy may be sought,

My heart with inward horror shrinks,
And trembles at the thought;

When thou, O Lord, shalt stand disclosed,

In majesty severe,

And sit in judgment on my soul,

Oh how shall I appear!

But thou hast told the troubled mind,
Who does her sins lament,

The timely tribute of her tears
Shall endless woe prevent.

Then see the sorrows of my heart,
Ere yet it be too late;

And hear my Saviour's dying groans,
To give those sorrows weight.

For never shall my soul despair
Her pardon to procure,

Who knows thine only Son has died
To make her pardon sure.-0.

NOTES.

I.

THE SPECTATOR CLUB.

P. 2, 1. 37. This celebrated coffee-house stood at the south end of Bow Street, Covent Garden. In the preceding generation it was rather the rendezvous of wits than of politicians. Dryden made it his habitual resort, both winter and summer; and here probably he was seen by Pope, then a boy of twelve years, in the last year of his life, 1700. Child's was in St. Paul's Churchyard; it was much resorted to by the clergy, and persons of clerical politics. The St. James's stood at the end of Pall Mall, near to what is now 87 St. James's Street; it was an exclusively Whig house. The Grecian was in Devereux Court, Strand; it existed as a tavern till 1842. From it Isaac Bickerstaff in the Tatler undertakes to issue his disquisitions on points of learning. It was founded about 1652 by the Greek servant of an English merchant returned from the Levant, and was the first of English coffee-houses. Jonathan's, in Change Alley, was frequented by stock-jobbers. (Wills' Sir Roger de Coverley.)

·

P. 3, 1. 13. The character and ways of the 'Spectator' seem to be those of Addison himself, humorously exaggerated. 'With any mixture of strangers,' says Pope (Spence's Anecdotes), and sometimes only with one, he seemed to preserve his dignity much, with a stiff sort of silence.' Distinguishing between his own powers in conversation and in writing, Addison is reported to have said, 'I have only ninepence in my pocket, but I can draw for a thousand pounds.' See Boswell's Johnson, iii. 302 (Oxford ed.). P. 4, 1. 26. A small street off Aldersgate Street, City.

No. 2. This number was written by Steele, but as it contains the original sketches of the characters and antecedents of the different members of the Spectator Club, it is always printed along with Addison's papers. Bishop Hurd says, 'The characters were concerted with Mr. Addison; and the draught of them, in this paper, I suppose touched by him.'

P. 5, 1. 15. John Wilmot, Earl of Rochester, son of the Lord Wilmot who figured as a distinguished Royalist captain in the Civil War, was one of Charles II's favourite courtiers. He ran into every excess, and died before he was forty, but repented of his errors on his death-bed, according to the narrative of Gilbert Burnet, who was called in to see him shortly before he died.

1. 16. Sir George Etherege, author of several noted plays, amongst others of the comedy of Sir Fopling Flutter, broke his neck by falling down stairs, at the close of an uproarious drinking-bout, in 1694.

1. 38. The Inner, Middle, and Outer Temples in Fleet Street, once the property of the famous order of chivalry which took its name from the Temple of Solomon, after the suppression of the Templars in 1312, were for some time in the hands of the knights of St. John (afterwards of Malta), by whom the two former were leased to the students of the Common Law, a devise which is still in force.

P. 6, 1. 4. Longinus, a Greek writer of the third century after Christ, is the author of a celebrated treatise 'On the Sublime.'

1. 5. The reference is to the old law-book, Coke upon Littleton,' being the commentary of Lord Chief Justice Coke (reign of James I) on a treatise upon Tenures by Judge Littleton, who wrote in the time of Edward IV.

P. 8, 1. 25. The unfortunate son of Charles II and Lucy Barlow, or Walters, had a very handsome person. Macaulay speaks of his superficial graces,' and adds that even the stern and pensive William relaxed into good humour when his brilliant guest appeared.' (Hist. of England.)

P. 12, 1. 10. Hesiod's Works and Days, 125. The passage describes, not 'the Golden Age,' as Mr. Morley explains it, but the period after the golden age, when the purer race had been removed by Zeus from the earth, yet still revisited their old haunts as blessed spirits, the guardians of mortal men,' 'clothed in mist, going to and fro everywhere over the earth.'

P. 15, 1. 11.

The second triumvirate, formed between Octavius, Antony, and Lepidus. See Shakspere's Julius Caesar, Act iv. Sc. I.

P. 17, 1. 13. The game at cards which is immortalized by being introduced into Pope's Rape of the Lock :

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'Belinda now, whom thirst of fame invites,

Burns to encounter two adventurous knights,

At OMBRE singly, to decide their doom,

And swells her breast with conquests yet to come.'

P. 18, 1. 13. Addison is probably glancing here at the non-juring divines, men like Hickes, Brett, Collier, and Dodwell, whose learning their high Church and Tory friends were fond of maliciously extolling at the expense of their Whig rivals. So Bishop Burnet (History of His Own Times, Book II), speaks of the 'pedantry' by which the preaching of the clergy of the old school was overrun, before the rise of that intellectual and genial body of men, the Latitudinarian divines.

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P. 19, 1. 33. Bishop Hurd remarks,-"The word "nature is used here a little licentiously. He should have said "in the office," or "the quality of a chaplain." At the present day we should rather say 'in the character of a chaplain.'

P. 20, 1. 39. It is not quite clear what bishop of St. Asaph is meant. If it be Dr. Fleetwood, the then occupant of the see, the reference can only be

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to a small volume, entitled 'The relative duties of parents and children, husbands and wives, masters and servants, considered in Sixteen Sermons ; with Three more upon the case of Self-Murther.' These sermons having been published in 1705, and not again, so far as appears, till 1737, the author's name on the title page is simply W. Fleetwood, Rector of St. Augustine's, &c.'; for he was only appointed to the see of St. Asaph on the death of Beveridge in 1708, Were these sermons likely to have become so generally known (at the time that Addison wrote, 1711) as the work of the then bishop of St. Asaph, that they would be naturally enumerated among a number of collections of sermons by celebrated preachers? It is true that Fleetwood became famous as a preacher, but it was not till later. He published some sermons in 1712, the preface of which so irritated the Tory majority in the House of Commons that the book was ordered to be burnt by the common hangman; Steele then reproduced the preface in No. 384 of the Spectator. But the passage now under consideration was written in 1711.

If Fleetwood was not meant by the 'bishop of St. Asaph,' it must have been Beveridge his predecessor, a hundred and fifty of whose Sermons were published in 1708, shortly after his death. These bore on the face of them that they were written by the Bishop of St. Asaph,' and were likely, considering Beveridge's high reputation, to have soon obtained a wide circulation.

Ib. Dr. Robert South, born in 1633, is famous for his wit and eloquence. He was a high Tory and a high Churchman, zealous for passive obedience, and furious against toleration; nevertheless he made no demur about taking the oaths to William after the Revolution. Burnet calls him a learned but an ill-natured divine, who had taken the oaths, but with the reserve of an equivocal sense which he put on them.' But Burnet was a bitter partisan, and his testimony against men on the other side must not be trusted too implicitly. In whatever way South reconciled it to his conscience and his principles to swear allegiance in succession to Cromwell, Charles II, James II, and King William, it is certain that these compliances were dictated neither by covetousness nor ambition; whatever revenues he had he, with small reservation, used to distribute among the poor; and he refused a bishopric more than once. He attacked Sherlock's book on the Trinity, charging him with Tritheism, and a long and bitter controversy was the result. He was a canon of Christ Church, and died in 1716.

P. 21, 1. 3. Dr. John Tillotson, the son of a Yorkshire clothier, was raised to the primacy after the Revolution, on the refusal of Archbishop Sancroft to take the oaths to William and Mary. His sermons, once greatly admired, have long been esteemed heavy reading. Byron tells us that when a boy he was forced to read them by his mother, but that they did him no good.

Ib. Dr. Robert Sanderson (1587–1662), was also a Yorkshirė man. Izaak Walton, who wrote his Life, tells us that when he was Proctor at Oxford, he aimed at maintaining discipline by persuasion rather than

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