Barbarians opposed to Greeks, ii. 107.

Basileus, use of the term, i. 87, 88.

Bayle on the punishment of animals, i. 22, n.

Bees, analogy between honey-making and cookery, ii. 31; their social exis-
tence, i. 33.

Bentham, his political speculation, i. 71; on universal jurisprudence, ii. 26, n.
Bentivoglio, his historical speeches, i. 239; advice of the Spanish councillors to
Philip II, ii. 314.

Berington, Simon, his Gaudentio di Lucca, ii. 273.

Best form of government, defined by Aristotle, ii. 254; by Cicero, ii. 258;
how far it admits of determination, ii. 301; nature of the problem,
ii. 305, 307.

Bias, his saying on political power, i. 43.

Biography, its relation to history, i. 310, 313.

Blackstone, Sir W., on the perfection of the law of England, ii. 227.

Bodin, character of his political writings, i. 67; on the spirit of a government,
ii. 170; on a cycle of governments, ii. 444.

Bojardo, historical contents of his poem, i. 280.

Bonnet, on the animal series, i. 18.

Bossuet on the articulate sounds of animals, i. 20.

Botta, his historical speeches, i. 239; his remark on the cause of the fall of

Venice, i. 446.

Buffon on the animal series, i. 18.

Buildings, ancient, false causes for, i. 410, 416.

Cæsar, J., his history of the Gallic war, i. 182, 224.

Caligula, his order to the Jews, i. 321; his wish respecting the Roman people,

ii. 75.

Callimachus, his aïria, i. 404.

Calvin on the best form of government, ii. 308.

Campanella, his Civitas Solis, ii. 268.

Case, special, ii. 177; unforeseen cases in legislation, i. 472; cases under
law, ii. 4; extreme cases, ii. 6.

Casus, its meaning, ii. 4, n.

Catholicity of the church, i. 36; ii. 228.

Causation, i. 324; its connexion with moral responsibility, i. 391; general,
ii. 20.

Cause, defined, i. 324; positive causes, i. 332; causes in history, i. 333;
in general are not single, i. 339; four methods of determining,
i. 341; method of agreement, i. 342; method of difference, i. 342,
347; method of residues, i. 356; method of concomitant variations,
i. 357; permanent and temporary causes, i. 361; mutuality of cause and
effect, i. 375; occasional frustration of causes, i. 386; desire to explore
physical causes, i. 398; similar desire with respect to political causes,
i. 400; fictitious causes of religious rites, i. 403; of physical appearances,
i. 406; of ancient buildings, i. 410; of proper names, i. 412; of proverbs,
i. 415; of political institutions, i. 416; hypothetical general, i. 434;
special, i. 435; their tendencies, ii. 10; their unforeseen effects, ii. 13;
their continuing operation, ii, 15; universal causes, ii. 20.

Censuses of the population, i. 136.

Cessation of effects, ii, 15; cessation of the cause of a law, ii. 18.
Chance, its influence in politics, ii. 395.

Chancellor, changes in the character of the office, i. 90.

Character, national, ii. 108.

Charlemagne, romances relating to, their historical contents, i. 280, 292.
Chronicles, mediæval, i. 323.

Chronology, its relation to history, i. 114; chronology of mythico-historical
events, its uncertainty, i. 286.

Cicero, character of his political writings, i. 64; his remark on the counte-
nance, i. 33; cites the proverb respecting the worthlessness of the Carians,
i. 164; on the universality of law, ii. 139; on the best form of govern-
ment, ii. 258; his Republic, ii. 259; his Laws, ii. 261; argument in the
Republic on the origin of justice, ii. 283; on a cycle of governments, ii. 443.
L. Cincius Alimentus, his Roman history, i. 259, 266.
Circumstantial evidence, i. 365.

Civilization, history of, i. 304; its origin, ii. 275; progress of civilization, how
to be determined, ii. 410, 430; its definition, ii. 41; its progress to be
traced in four series, ii. 418; its progress in certain communities, ii. 430;
its decline in others, ii. 435; its progress is not constant or universal,
ii. 437; its history cannot be reduced to abstract terms, ii. 438; theory
of progressive civilization, ii. 441.

Civitas Solis, of Campanella, ii. 268.

Clarendon, Lord, his history, i. 69; chiefly founded on personal knowledge,
i. 182; his account of the execution of the Marquis of Argyle, i. 287, 322;
his opinion on some hypothetical events on the civil war, i. 444.
Claudius, the emperor, his account of King Servius, i. 267.

Code, religious and civil, characteristic of Oriental and European nations, ii. 96.
Colonel, changes in the powers of the office, i. 89.

Colonial government of England-its form, ii. 64.

Colony, ambiguity of the word, ii. 388.

Common terms made technical, i. 78.

Community, political, i. 9; barbarous, i. 11; entire community-how to be
determined, ii. 82; analogy between life of a community and life of a
man, ii. 438.

Community of goods, ii. 250, 279.

Communities, three classes of, ii. 90; Oriental and European-their respective
characteristics, ii. 91.

Compact, social, i. 426.

Compromises, their frequency in politics, ii. 318.

Comte, M. Auguste, on the difference between men and animals, being a dif-
ference of degree, i. 19, n.; on suicidal animals, i. 25; on the connexion
between the carnivorous appetite of man and war, i. 27, n.; on the reli-
gious notions of animals, i. 28, n.; his views respecting sociology, i. 51, n. ;
his remark on the comparatively slow progress of political science
examined, i. 75; on a philosophic law respecting observation, i. 168, n. ;
on the abstract method of historical composition, i. 306, n.; on the culti-
vation of the arts of war, ii. 425, n.; on the progressive consumption of
food, ii. 450, n.

Comte, M. Charles, his description of savage life, ii. 90; subject of his work,
ii. 131.

Conditions defined, i. 325; divided into natural and arbitrary, i. 327.
Condorcet, his remark that all savages have an articulate language, i. 21.
Conduct, political, ii. 310.

Conjectural history, ii. 412.

Constitutions, their gradual formation, ii. 190.

Constraint, ii. 328.

Contracts, fictitious, i. 423.

Co-ordinate power, jealousy of, ii. 78.

Copies of manuscript inferior to originals, i. 202; securities for their accu-
racy, i. 203.

Corruption of a state, ii. 440.

Craig, John, on the weakening of historical evidence by time, i. 197.

Cruelty of Orientals, ii. 101.

Curtius, Q., his account of the deliberations of Alexander, ii. 316.

Custom, how proved, i. 345; two classes of customs, ii. 184; customary law,
ii. 188.

Customs' league, ii. 454.

Cuvier, G., on the animal series, i. 18, 19; his remark upon Gmelin's classi-
fication of the lamantin and siren, i. 84; considers natural history a
science of observation, i. 163.

Cuvier, F., on the comparative intelligence of animals, i. 38, n.

Cyclical changes of society, i. 340; ii. 441, 443.

Cyclopes, the type of the savage state, i. 10, 35, 47.

Cylon, attempt of, i. 261.

Dalembert, makes politics a department of ethics, i. 50, n.

Deceit, its frequency in politics, i. 147; the physical sciences are comparatively
exempt from it, i. 147; its logical nature, i. 373; in legislation, i. 461.

Deductive and inductive methods of reasoning, ii. 128.

De Foe, his skill in narration, i. 118; his Memoirs of a Cavalier, and History
of the Plague, i. 231.

Degeneracy of a state, ii. 441, 446; of animal species, ii. 448.

Deliberative oratory, ii. 312; use of examples in, ii. 213.

Democracy, characterized by M. de Tocqueville, ii. 59; Greek democracies,
ii. 62; how its characteristics are to be determined, ii. 67, 78.

Dependencies, government by, ii. 94; copies of the institutions of the imperial
state introduced into them, ii. 383.

Description, how distinguished from narrative, i. 119; descriptions of social
states in history, i. 301.

Despotism, opposed to a free government, i. 92; how defined by Montesquieu,
ii. 50; has been the prevailing government of the human race, ii. 60; its
analogy with the dominion over slaves, ii. 62, n.; odious to the Greeks,
ii. 62; characteristic of Oriental nations, ii. 61, 91.

Despots peculiarly liable to attacks on their person, ii. 73.

Dicæarchus, his political speculations, i. 63; on the characters of Greek cities,
ii. 111; on the golden age, ii. 279.

Diodorus on political speeches, i. 230.

Dionysius, on the cause of the Sabine war, i. 334; on the prohibition of legends
respecting the gods, by Romulus, ii. 281.

Diplomatics, i. 207.

Disease, men more liable to, than animals, i. 28.

Documents, original, in history, how preserved, i. 201; how far analogous
with fossil remains, i. 202; their place of custody is material, i. 202.
Dogmatic sect of physicians, i. 162; ii. 204, 206; distinguished from the
empirici, ii. 232.

Dogs, their bark, i. 20, n.

Domestication, its effects, i. 37; is only kept up by art, i. 38; increases the
varieties of races, ii. 431.

Dominus, use of the word, ii. 62, n.

Draco, his legislation, i. 262, n; i. 274.
Dramatic literature in the East, ii. 106.
Dress, loose and tight, ii. 103.

Droz, M., his History of Louis XVI., i. 445.

Economists, French, i. 72.

Effects, positive, i. 438; hypothetical treatment of positive effects, i. 442;
effects, hypothetical, general, ii. 1; special, ii. 2; hypothetical effects of
proposed laws, ii. 2.

Effects of laws, divided into four classes, i. 453; primary and intended, i. 453,
462; secondary and intended, i. 465; contemplated but not desired,
i. 468; unforeseen, i. 469.

Empirici in medicine, ii. 204; their method, i. 175.

England, its government, i. 83; how considered by Montesquieu, i. 85, n; its
kings have not sovereign power, i. 90, n; its government properly repub-
lican, ii. 63; its form of colonial government, ii. 64; king of, ii. 73.
Ennius, on the date of the foundation of Rome, i. 286.

Ennui, ii. 184.

Enumeration is necessary for the accurate determination of large numbers,
i. 134.

Ephors, different accounts respecting them, i. 285.

Ephorus, on the legislation of Lycurgus, i. 284; contents of his work, i. 303, n.
Equity, meaning of, i. 472, n.

Errors of observation, and their causes, in physics, i. 145; in politics, i. 146;
errors of practice in politics, ii. 369.

Erudition and science, how distinguished, i. 122, 297.

Esthetical science, ii. 346; esthetical progress, ii. 426; its difference from
scientific progress, ii. 428.

Ethics, analogy with political economy, i. 49; they imply the existence of
political government, i. 50; considered by Aristotle a department of poli-
tics, ib.; their character, ii. 346; their progress, ii. 419.
Euhemerus, his island of Panchaia, ii. 264.

Eunuchs, ii. 102, n.

European nations, characterized by free government, ii. 91; by direct govern-
ment, ii. 94; by an intricate system of international law, ii. 95; by a civil
code, ii. 96; by monogamy, ii. 97; by freedom of women, ii. 99; by civil
freedom of the entire community, ii. 101; by mildness in the infliction of
pain, ii. 101; by a close dress, ii. 103; by a simple alphabet, ii. 104; and
by argumentative prose, ii. 105.

Evidence, judicial, i. 127; hearsay evidence, i. 128, 186; original, i. 185; infe-
riority of hearsay to original evidence, i. 187; causes of its inferiority,
i. 188; difference between hearsay evidence for historical and judicial
purposes, i. 192; rules of judicial evidence ought to be applied to history,
i. 196; evidence is not enfeebled by lapse of time, i. 197; circumstantial
variation in, i. 287; external evidence disregarded by the ancient histo-
rians, i. 289; circumstantial evidence, its logical nature, i. 365.
Exceptions to a rule-their nature, i. 387.

Exclusive nationality, principle of, ii. 452.
Ex-post-facto legislation, i. 477.

Examples, practical, ii. 209; their use in deliberative oratory, ii. 213.
Executive acts of a government are founded on a knowledge of certain facts,
i. 126; duty of executive officers to observe the facts within their inspec-
tion, i. 130.
Experiments, admit of being repeated, i. 148; in physics are of two sorts-
experiments of science and experiments of art, i. 153; conditions of a
scientific experiment, i. 158; all physical sciences do not admit of expe-
riments, i. 160; they are not applicable to the sciences conversant with
man, i. 160; partially applicable to animals, i. 161; scientific experi-
ments are not applicable to politics, i. 164, 364; they are compensated by
the voluntary information of men, i. 165, 391; by political changes, i. 171;
and by abnormal institutions, i. 172; practical experiments can be used
in politics, i. 173; and other departments of active life, i. 174; extent of
their use in politics, i. 176.

Experimenta fructifera and lucifera, i. 154, 155; fructifera in politics,
i. 172, 178.

Q. Fabius Pictor, his History of Rome, i. 259, 265.
Facts, how observed in politics, i. 110; historical facts-how observed, i. 113,
143; difference between historical and physical facts, i. 121, 149; how
observed in positive politics, i. 123, 144; in speculative politics, i. 126, 144;
and in practical politics, i. 126, 144; analogy between the observation of
facts in politics, and in medicine, i. 144; an historical fact consists of two
parts, i. 150; imperfect determination of, a cause of practical error,
ii. 385.

Failure, political, ii. 409.

Falsification of literary works, i. 209.

Fame, popular, i. 187, 222.

Family, the origin of the state, i. 11; it is peculiar to mankind, i. 24; false
origins of celebrated families, i. 414; hereditary character of a family,

ii. 110.

Fenelon, his Télémaque, its character, i. 231; his ideal descriptions therein of
a happy community, ii. 272, 279; and of perpetual peace, ii. 285.

Festivals, false causes of their origin, i. 405.

Fichte, his ideal commercial state, ii. 287, 453.

Fickleness of the multitude, ii. 44.

Fictions of law, i. 421.

Filangieri, his political work, i. 71; its subject, ii. 131.

Force, ii. 323.

Forms of government, characterized by Montesquieu, ii. 52; by Hume, ii. 58;
the oriental form of government was monarchical, ii. 61; how their
characteristics are to be determined, ii. 67; their importance, ii. 307.

Fraud, i. 147; its logical nature, i. 373.

Freedom of the entire community, ii. 101.

Frontinus, his military work, ii. 213.

Frustration of causes, i. 386.

Gaudentio di Lucca, by S. Berington, ii. 273.

Generations defined, i. 41; distinction between generations of a family and
generations of a nation, i. 42.

Geography, its relation to history, i. 144, 300; the ancients introduced geo-
graphical descriptions in their histories, i. 298; geographical knowledge
obtained incidentally, i, 465; is merely a descriptive science, ii. 333.