Biology in the Nineteenth Century: Problems of Form, Function and TransformationCambridge University Press, 1977 - Всего страниц: 187 The term 'biology' first appeared in a footnote in an obscure German medical publication of 1800, but a century of subsequent activity was needed to create a thriving science. This book offers a concise yet comprehensive examination of essential themes in this development. To one group of nineteenth-century biologists, largely comprised of anatomists, histologists and embryologists, the appearance and constituent structures of the plant or animal body seemed all-important; they studied organic form and the means by which it was brought into being. A second group concentrated on the vital processes diversely exhibited by all living creatures. They studied function, their self-assigned task as physiologists being to understand the innermost workings of the body. To a third group of workers the greatest concern was the relationship, past and present, between the various kinds of plants and animals and between living things and their changing environment; in studying the transformation of life over vast spans of time, they largely recast the scientific objectives of natural history. Form, function, and transformation thus offer useful vantage points from which to observe the development of the life sciences during the nineteenth century, and it is on a discussion of these themes and their interactions that Professor Coleman's account is based. |
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Содержание
Biology | 1 |
Form Cell Theory | 16 |
Form Individual Development | 35 |
Transformation | 57 |
Man | 92 |
Function The Animal Machine | 118 |
The Experimental Ideal | 160 |
Bibliography | 167 |
183 | |
Другие издания - Просмотреть все
Biology in the Nineteenth Century: Problems of Form, Function, and ... William Coleman Просмотр фрагмента - 1971 |
Часто встречающиеся слова и выражения
activity Alfred Russell Wallace analysis anatomist anatomy anthropology Bernard Berzelius biologists biology body carbon causal cell nucleus cell theory cellular century's chemical chemistry chemists chromosomes claimed Claude Bernard combustion complex Comte conception conclusion course creation creatures critical Darwinian developmental diversity Durkheim eighteenth-century elements embryology embryonic energy Epigenesis Ernst Ernst Haeckel essential evidence evolution evolutionary change evolutionists experimental fact foodstuffs formation fossil function fundamental geology German historical explanation History of Biology human idea individual development interest investigation Lamarck Liebig matter means mechanism ment metabolic method microscopical moral motion natural history natural selection naturalist nature-philosophers nineteenth century nucleus numerous objective offered Origin of species oxygen paleontology philosophical physical physiological plants and animals principal problem progress recapitulation doctrine reductionists relationship respiration respiratory Schwann scientific social Darwinism society species species problem Spencer structure substances thought tion tissues transformation truly ultimate uniformitarianism variation vital force vital processes vitalistic
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