into, 189; theories and plans of, 190; central idea of Lin- coln's plan, 190; both parties agree on Presidential plan, 193; great number of theories and plans of, 193; difficulties of, in- creased by abolition, 194; Lin- coln propounded only one plan of, 194; "Louisiana plan" and negro suffrage, 195; sensation caused by Sumner's scheme of, 198; final work of, influenced by Sumner's resolutions, 199; Stevens's theory of, 211; first act of, a modification of Ste- vens's theory, 212; theory held at commencement of rebellion, 213; Democratic theory of, 217; Edgerton's speech on, 219; atti- tude of Democratic party tow- ard, 220; conservative views of Senators on, 220; House of Rep- resentatives on, 220; resolution of Thaddeus Stevens concern- ing, 224; resolution of Henry Winter Davis, 225; address of Mr. Davis, 226; of Southern States premature, 230; Presi- dent's plan criticised by Mr. Davis, 232; address of Repre- sentative Scofield on, 236; ad- dress of Representative Will- iams on, 238; indemnity, se- curity and punishment, ele- ments of, 240; bill opposed by Mr. Baldwin, 241; address of Representative Thayer on, 242; remarks of Representative Yea- man on, 243; address of Rep- resentative Longyear on, 244; speech of Ignatius Donnelly on, 245; speech of Representa- tive Dennison, 247; remarks of Thaddeus Stevens on, 247; bill opposed by Representative Strouse, 249; opposition of Mr. Cravens, 249; Representative Gooch on, 250; Representative Perry's remarks on, 250; Fer- nando Wood's opposition to bill for, 251; remarks of Will- iam D. Kelley on, 252; speech of S. S. Cox on, 252; Mr. Bout- well's speech on, 254; speech of George H. Pendleton, 257; bill
for, unconstitutional, 258; Rep- resentatives pass bill on, 262; provisions of bill on, 262; Sen- ator Wade on, 264; Senator Carlile's speech on, 267; Con- gress passes bill on, 273; Lin- coln's treatment of bill on, 273; interest of Mr. Chandler in bill on, 274; Lincoln's proclamation concerning bill on, 277; notice of in annual message, 286; progress of, 287; forced upon attention of Congress by Union victories, 288; Mr. Ashley re- ports bill on, 289; Representa- tive Eliot offers amendment to bill on, 289; provisions of Ashley's bill, 289; revived bill recognizes Louisiana and Ar- kansas, 289; new bill a substi- tute for Wade-Davis bill, 290; Kelley's speech on, 291; Eliot's speech on, 292; consideration of bill postponed, 295; Mr. Dawes resumes debate on, 295; power conferred on President by bill, 296; remarks of Fer- nando Wood on, 300; speech of Mr. LeBlond on, 300; re- marks of Representative Blow, 301; speech of J. K. Edgerton, 301; Edgerton's summary of bill, 302; substitute for Ashley's bill, 304; further remarks of Ashley on, 305; Ashley ex- plains compromise, 306; Henry Winter Davis speaks on, 306; Mr. Davis's last words in Con- gress on, 310; Mr. Wilson's bill, 311; revival of Ashley's bill on, 312; defects of Presi- dential plan of, 358; Howard's speech on, 358; Reverdy John- son's remarks on, 370; Sumner proposes conditions of, 376; remarks of Senator Clark, 376; remarks of Senator Pomeroy, 377, 378; Presidential plan of, ignored by Congress, 385; Lin- coln's conditions for effecting, 395, 397; Lincoln's letter to General Hurlbut on, 401; Lin- coln's letter to General Canby, 402; Lincoln's last words on, 403; culmination of Presidential
plan of, 407; President John- son's policy of, endorsed by Democratic convention, 420; views of Louisiana Republicans on, 422; Andrew Johnson's views of, in 1864, 438; Johnson under no obligation to accept Lincoln's plan of, 447; Mr. Johnson's policy of, 449; steps to, in Mississippi, 458; ob- stacles to, in Texas, 467; con- ventions called under Presi- dential plan, 468; course of Confederate governors relative to, 469; Lincoln's intention to employ Confederate legisla- tures in work of, 470; expected results of, 473; prediction of Henry Winter Davis relative to, 473; enemies of Union en- trusted with, 486; Lincoln op- posed a loose system of, 486; Lincoln's and Johnson's the- ories identical, 487; organiza- tions effected under Lincoln different from "Johnson gov- ernments," 487; Johnson's orig- inal policy of, 488; acts of Congress suspend governments established under Presidential plan, 489; Joint Committee on, 490; Presidential plan exam- ined, 491; the suffrage in the Presidential system of, 494; precedent conditions for return- ing States, 494; Senator Hen- derson's letter on Lincoln's plan, 495 Rector, Governor, call for troops,
81; threat of seceding from Confederacy, 82; flight of, 82 Red River, General Taylor retires to, 50 Republican electoral ticket, none offered for suffrage of Tennes- seeans in 1860, 7 Republican form of government, Sumner's resolutions relative to, 196; position that war was fought to fulfil guaranty of, untenable, 209; Henry Winter Davis on, 228; duty of Con- gress to guarantee, 228; Mr. Davis on modes of establishing, 232; Fernando Wood on, 251;
Pendleton on, 259, 260, 261; Carlile on, 268, 269; cannot originate in military orders, 357; military government not republican under the Constitu- tion, 368
Republican party, radical members of, unite with Free State lead- ers, 74; Sumner's resolutions disavowed by leaders of, 199; relations of Stevens to, 216; change in attitude of, 220; revolutionary policy of, 257; beginning of division in, 273; some radical members of, op- posed controversy with Presi- dent, 289; schism in, 313; change in sentiments of, 377; Hendricks on factiousness of, 380; mass-meeting in New Or- leans held by radical members of, 422
Representation, basis of, 354 Representatives, House of, com- mittee on compensated eman- cipation appointed by, 168; reconstruction views of, 220; reconstruction bill passed by, 262; Ashley's reconstruction bill tabled by, 311, 312; resolu- tion of Mr. Wilson introduced into, 314; measure excluding electoral votes of certain States passed by, 314; constitutional amendment abolishing slavery passed by, 384
Revenue, surplus of 1837, distribu- tion of, 157
Revolution, American, legal forms not ignored in effecting, 206 Revolution, English, 202 Reynolds, General, report on gov- ernment of Arkansas, 412 Rhode Island cases, 228 Richmond, Arkansas messenger sent to, 80; secession conven- tion meets in, 93; work of convention denounced, 100; fall of, 426
Richmond government, offers concessions to western Vir- ginia, 97; resistance to, 97 Riddell, John Leonard, certificate from, 56
Riley, General Bennett, 13
Ritchie, A. F., letter to Attorney-
General Bates, 105 Rogers, A. A. C., Congressman- elect, 91; proposed compensa- tion of, 342 Rosecrans, General W. S., inac- tivity of, 21; suggestion to Lin- coln, 23; removed from com- mand, 23, 224 Ryers, William, election of, 412
SAULSBURY, WILLARD, 103; on admission of Mr. Segar, 139; admission of West Virginia Senators opposed by, 193; Administration criticised by, 377
Schenck, General, 251 Schofield, General,
Holden assisted by, 453 Schurz, General Carl, Governor Sharkey criticised by, 462 Scofield, Glenni W., address of, 236
Sebastian, William K., resignation
from United States Senate, 85; return to loyalty, 85 Secession, in Tennessee, 8; Ten- nessee abrogates act of, 30; spirit of, in Louisiana, 36; ordinance of, 36; in Arkansas, 78; Germans and Irish of Ar- kansas indifferent to, 80; in Virginia, 93; western Virginia refuses to acquiesce in, 97; war powers unlocked by, 213; atti- tude of Democratic party tow- ard, 218; Henry Winter Davis on, 227; Pendleton on acts of, 259; Henderson on potency of, 351; Sumner denies that States were taken out of Union by, 351
Secessionists, in Arkansas, 77 Segar, Joseph E., on admission of West Virginia, 118; remarks of, 131; Committee of Elections reports concerning, 131; denied admission to Congress, 133; election to United States Sen- ate, 138
525 Senate, The United States, recon- struction bill in, 264; exclusion of States from Electoral Col- lege, 315; Trumbull's resolution abandoned by, 383; amendment abolishing slavery passed by, 384
Seward, William H., on admission of West Virginia, 120; General McClellan instructed by, 152; Lincoln broaches emancipation to, 178; postponement of eman- cipation recommended by, 182; Lincoln's letter to, 395; in- juries prevented attendance at inauguration of Mr. Johnson, 408; message to Governor Mar- vin, 488; President Johnson in- fluenced by, 489
Sharkey, William L., appointment of, 459; address of, 460; John- son's telegram to, 461; conduct of, criticised by Carl Schurz, 462; negro testimony to be con- sidered by, 464
Shelbyville, Tenn., Andrew John- son's address at, 19 Shenandoah Valley, discontent of, 96; proposed annexation West Virginia, 109 Shepley, General George F.,
pointment of, 39; system of courts established by, 41; Lin- coln's letter to, 44; requested to hold an election, 45; proclama- tion for an election issued by, 45; plan of Louisiana Free State Committee approved by, 48; Attorney General for Louisiana appointed by, 48; orders an enrollment of loyal citizens, 53; election prohibited by, 56, 58; conference of Free State Committee with, 63; dis- agreement with General Banks, 64, 65; General Banks approves registration of, 68; Norfolk proclamation of, 134 Sheridan, General Philip H., at Mission Ridge and Lookout Mountain, 23; a Confederate army destroyed by, 288 Sherman, John, on election of Mr. Segar, 140; on electoral vote of Louisiana, 332
Sherman, General Thomas W., in- structions of War Department to, 149
Sherman, General William Tecum-
seh, projected march of, 286; safety of, 288 Shreveport, movement toward, 51; ceases to be capital of Louisi-
Slavery, abolition of, in British colonies, 6; to be ignored in reconstruction, 27; Nashville convention urges abolition of, 29; amended Tennessee consti- tution abolishes, 30; constitu- tion of Arkansas abolishes, 88; introduction into Virginia, 94; in the Wheeling convention, 107; Lincoln's views of, 143; Congress claims no right to interfere with, 167; advance of Northern opinion on, 167; abol- ished in District of Columbia, 167; not possible for negroes freed by war, 194; reconstruc- tion rendered more difficult by abolition of, 194; ceases to exist when State ceases to exist, 197; duty of Congress to put an end to, 197; recognition of, by a Federal officer analogous to treason, 197; government should protect persons in a state of, 198; Chicago platform on, 207; Emancipation Procla- mation not necessary to abol- ish in seceding States, 207; destruction of, not an end of the war, 222; the one subject of estrangement in the Union, 237; theory of the Fathers con- cerning, 237; anti-slavery amendment recommended to consideration of Congress, 287; Congress passes joint resolu- tion relative to, 288; restoration useless with, 352; sentiments of Massachusetts and South Caro- lina on, 375; not affected by emancipation proclamation in certain States, 384; Congress passes anti-slavery amend- ment, 384; amendment ratified by 20 States, 384; Arkansas abolishes, 410; Virginia abol-
ishes, 425; abolition an injury to slave owners, 433; North Carolina abolishes, 454; Missis- sippi abolishes, 460; Georgia abolishes, 466
Slaves, bred in Virginia, 94; num- ber in Virginia, 94; in western Virginia, 95; policy of com- manders relative to fugitive, 144, 145, 158, 159; declared contraband of war, 146; com- pensated emancipation of, 153; colonization of, 153; abandoned by masters, 160; to organize labor of abandoned, 160; Gen- eral Hunter proclaims freedom of, 168; Lincoln asserts right to emancipate, 168; employment of, 169; confiscation of property in, 179; proposed emancipation of, 182; Stevens on employment of, against United States, 212; abandoned lands to be colo- nized by, 385
Slidell, John, resignation from United States Senate, 423 Slocum, General, organization of Mississippi retarded by, 462; orders of, revoked by Presi- dent, 463
Smith, Caleb B., resignation of,
Smith, Charles, Senator-elect from Louisiana, 76, 343
Smith, General E. Kirby, 50 Smith, Governor William, nullity of acts of, 445
Snow, William D., election of, 91 Society, civil not necessarily iden-
tical with political, 354; politi- cal liable to reduction, 354; po- litical may be reduced by loss of citizenship, 354
South Carolina, martial law pro- claimed over, 168; Stevens on secession ordinance of, 215; Boutwell would exclude from restored Union, 256; insurrec- tion in, 314; sentiments on slavery, 375; damage sustained by, 435; Mr. Johnson receives citizens of, 443; revolutionary character of convention, 469 Southern States, reorganization of, premature, 230; black code of,
293; an asylum for broken- down politicians, 297; proposed taxation of, 297; power of Con- gress over, 362; not convertible into Territories, 364. See Con- federate States
Speed, Attorney-General, reply to Albemarle County voters, 430 Sprague, William, remarks
Louisiana election, 381 Stanton, Edwin M., aids western Virginians, 98; on admission of West Virginia, 122; dis- banding of army by, 409 State, indestructibility of, 192; sui-
cide of a, 197, 201, 209; effect of termination of, 197; slavery terminated by termination of, 197; Federal restraints upon action of a, 198; difficulty of defining, 201; basis of suicide theory, 208; levying war changes status of, 217; the people of, constitute the, 218; constitutions must be formed by people of, 218; only suc- cessful revolution can unmake, 218; attitude of Democratic party on suicide of, 219
St. Bernard, parish of, voting in, 56
Steele, General Frederick, Lin- coln's letters to, 85, 86, 89 Stephens, A. H., peace commis- sioner, 395; Lincoln's advice to, 399
Stevens, Thaddeus, on admission
of West Virginia, 117, 214; re- construction theory of, 211; characteristics of, 211; consist- ency of, 212; remarks on slaves employed in hostility to Gov- ernment, 212; taxation of se- ceding States proposed by, 213; secession discussed by, 215; relations to his party defined by, 216; conquered province theory of, 217; remarks on minority government, 217; resolution relative to Presi- dent's message, 224; on consti- tutional amendments, 232; re- construction speech of, 247; distributing President's mes-
sage, 288; Mr. Eliot interrupted by, 294; remarks of, 342; cre- dentials of Warmoth offered by, 422; sneer at Pierpont's government, 427
Stokes, William B., election of, 415 Strouse, Myer, speech of, 249 Suffrage, Representative Kelley on, 291; provisions of Ashley's bill on, 294, 304; a restricted electorate favored by Govern- ment, 354; basis of, 354; quali- fications for, in Massachusetts, 354; proposal to confer on negroes, 358; Reverdy Johnson on, 378; negroes petition for, 413; Brownlow opposes con- ferring on negroes, 416; Na- tional Conservative party on, 421; provision of Virginia con- stitution on, 425; North did not intend to force on South, 486 Sumner, Charles, on admission of West Virginia, 110; letter on policy of Lincoln, 170; faith of, 191; resolutions of, 196; sensa- tion produced by restoration scheme of, 198; letters to Fran- cis Lieber, 199, 289; public character of, 199; letters to John Bright, 200, 290; article in Atlantic Monthly, 200; Mr. Blair replies to, 208; preamble to resolutions of, 210; proposal relative to emancipation proc- lamation, 272; estimate of Lin- coln, 275; substitute offered by, 344; amendment offered by, 356; Reverdy Johnson's argu- ment with, 374; inconsistency of, 375; conditions of reunion proposed by, 376; remarks on Trumbull's resolution, 379, 382; Howard and Chandler support position of, 380; remarks on Louisiana election, 382 Sumter, influence of fall, on Ar- kansas, 78
Supreme Court, The United States, opinion in Cross vs. Harrison, 13; decision relative to rebellious States, 362
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