SIP; "Zipwriw Tov ovov, vinum calamis baurire, forbillare: Upt." to fip, or fuck up.

SIPHER, commonly written cypher, as if derived from Cyprus; but originates à "Sipbra, quo in arithmetica vulgo utuntur, ab Arabibus ad nos venit; eftque ab Hebr. 5 numeravit : Voff.”— a figure, or character in arithmetic: alfo a fecret method in writing.

SIPHON; Σov, unde ipwvw, à fono quem fiphone extracto liquida edunt; an inftrument to draw, or rack off wines, ale, &c. fo called from its action of fucking, or drawing up the liquor. SIR

} Kupios, Kugu, dominus; lord, or

SIRRAH: "vide SIR, q. d. fir, ba! Minh." -or perhaps it may rather be a deviation of Paxa, rafcal.

SISKIN; "ligurinus, luteola, fpinus avis; nescio an à fono stridulo, quem edit fic dicta," fays Skinn. " à Teut. fuefz; dulcis, fuavis; addita dim. kin; q. d. fuavicula, à faporis fc. fuavitate:"

but if the Dr's deriv. amounts to any thing, fifkin is probably Gr. fince his favourite Teut. fuefz feems to be but a barbarous contraction of fuavis; fweet; which is Gr.: fee SUAVITY: Gr.

SISS; ", ftridere; inftar ferri candentis, quum in aquâ extinguitur: Skinn.” to bifs, like red hot iron, quenched in water.

SISTER; magis placet fororem ita appellatam, quòd quafi feorfum nafcitur, feparaturque ab eâ domo in quâ nata eft, et in aliam familiam tranfgreditur: Voff."-and yet Cafaub. feems to have given a better deriv. viz. foror; a fifter, ab 'Tsega, inferior, poft habenda; or if that interpretation fhould not be acceptable, as befpeaking inferiority; we must take it in the fenfe Cafaub. has given, ex 'Trega, nomine substantivo, quod matricem, &c. fignificat; the distinction of fex, between the male and female branches of a family.

SIRE mafter. SITE;" Avw, fino, fitus ; nunc adjectivum, feu SIREN; " "Eugen, trabere; quòd quafi vinctos participium; nunc fubftantivum, utrumque à fino, homines tenerent; Zuga, catena; ano TË Lagerbas: fitum ; nam unumquodque ibi fitum eft, hoc eft tria marina monftra, quæ delenifico cantu attra-pofitum, ubi illud fivimus, hoc eft liquimus: Voff." berent navigantes; unde et Syrenes, per y, fcribere malunt: Voff."-who gives us likewife fe- left, or depofited. the fituation, or place of any thing, in which it is veral other etym. :-three fea monsters, who lived on the coaft of Sicily, and by the sweetness of their finging drew paffengers on fhore to their deftruction; according to the account of Homer, in Odyff. XII. 158.

SIRIUS, " Zagros, Sirius; ftella in ore canicule; et Sirius dicitur à Law, exficco: Voff."the ftar Sirius in the mouth of the leffer dog.

SIROCCO: "vox pura puta Ital. Euro-notum autem ventum fignificat; forte q. d. ventus Syri acus, feu è Syria flans; certe Syria ab oriente et Auftro Italiam fpectat: Skinn."-Sammes, 88, has given us a much better deriv. from Camden; for he fays, Circius; a vehement wind, so called by the Gauls from its force, and violence, is derived by Camden from Cyroch, fignifying violence; and fuppofes it was fo called by the Gauls and Britains; Kex fignifies to exasperate, or make violent-this South-easterly wind was generally very violent; and is mentioned by Milton among other fierce winds :

thwart of these as fierce Forth rush the Levant, and the Ponent winds Eurus and Zephyr with their lateral noife, Sirocco, and Libecchio.

SITIENT, Ados, fitis, filio; thirst; to be thirty.

SIX; 'E, fex; the number fix.

SIZE at college: by our having curtailed this word, it appears in fo ftrange a form, as to render it almost impoffible to trace it; but by taking Skinner's interpretation, we may, perhaps, gain the true etym.: "fize," fays the Dr. "à Fr. Gall. affeoir; in academiis affife, fc. fumptus, qui in tabulas referuntur :"-and here the Dr. leaves us; but the Fr. Gall. affecir feems to be derived ab as, affis; meaning fumptus; money, coft, or charges: "at cave iccirco as à Græcis effe putes;" fays Voff. nam cùm veteres Græci hanc vocem ignorant, dubitari nequit quin pofteriores eam acceperint à Latinis "this may be; and yet it is poffible to fhew, that the Latins themfelves, even from his own words, borrowed this expreffion from the antient Greeks; for this he goes on; goes on; " ibidem unde as fit, docet Varro; as, inquit, ab are:" and, under the art. æs, after producing feveral attempts, he fays, "fed vide quanto fimplicius fit, fi dicamus es effe ab Apre, ferrum; unde antiquus ille rectus aires, et xala ovynoπny, œæs ; ut à plebes, plebs.” 312

SIZE

SIZE 7" comes from feindo," fays Ray:SIZERS then it undoubtedly comes à Exig, quafi Exivdw, fcindo, divido; to cut, divide; alio the proportion, or magnitude of any thing, whether it be large, or diminutive.

SKAIN, or dagger; "Sax. rægene; gladius, enfis brevior; hoc forte à fcando; q. d. fecina: Skinn."-then it would originate ab Axw, feco; to cut: vel à fica, q. d. fisina :—but then again it would originate from the fame Gr. verb; meaning a fort fword, or dagger; to cut, or Stab with.

SKALD: though this appellation feems to be intirely Gothic, yet from their function it appears to be Gr.; "nam ifti kaldi," fays Shering. 173, ex præcipuo gentis fuæ fanguine, regibus aliquando à confiliis erant ; fueti etiam reges in militiam fequi; ut eorum facta coràm ipfi fuis oculis intueri, nec aliorum fide arbitrari neceffe haberent: eâque ratione melius ex vero pofteritati tradere poterant:"and therefore, according to Clel. we may refer to SKILL.

SKAMBLING, or shuffling gait a pure Gr. expreffion; though Skinn. helitates as to the deriv. "fi Græcus effem, audacter deflecterem à Exaußos, obliquus, incurvus, diftortus; præfertim qui cruribus diftortis eft:"-there is not the leaft fhadow of an objection, why the Dr. fhould hefitate to adopt this deriv. fince it fignifies a perfon, whofe legs are distorted in fuch a manner, that he cannot walk feadily.

: SKARN: "Sax. rceann; ftercus bovinum; hincque rceann - pibba; fearab.eus: Kiliano fcbearn-wever et quidem (lit conjecturæ venia) videor mihi non minima in voce fecrabæus vocabuli noftri skarn veftigia defcernere: quàm appofitè enim redderent noftrates a fkarn-bee? Ray:" tho' this gentleman could fee no veftiges, or appofiteness between scarabæus, and Kagaßes, fignifying a fpecies of beetle.

SKELETON, "Exeλlos, fceletos; exficcalus dried up, or nothing but skin and bone: R. Exw, exficco, arefacio: Nug."-it is only to be wondered that the Dr. fhould have made choice of Σκελετος, the adjeâtive, preferably to Σκελετον, the fubftantive; fignifying that fyftem, or collection of human bones dried, and put together fo artfully, as to give us a perfect idea of the conftruction of the human frame.

SKEP for bees; Exeπw, tego; a covering to bids them in.

SKETCH: as Gothic as this word appears, it is evidently derived" à Exedn, philyra cherta, vel aliud quid in quo fcribimus:-huc etiam pertinent, Ital. fchezzo; Belg. fchetfe; adumbratio, i, e. prima delineatio exhibens rude fpecimen operis animo præconcepti; principium quodammodo informe, atque impolitum dare: prorfus ut Σχεδιάζειν Græcis eft facere aliquid extempore, inelaborate formam deftinati operis exhibere: Jun."-to make a rough draught.

SKEW, fometimes written befcarud, efchew, and efkew, but derived à Exaos, scavus, varus, pravus; awry, athwart, diftorted, as when we fay a horse skews, i. e. ftarts afide: Cafaub. deflectit à Etow, cieo, quatio; to fir, or fake :but the former is more preferable.

SKEWER; Exi2w, fiindo; a split piece of wood, a splinter.

SKIFF, "Exxon, fiapha, cimba, linter; a fit, bark, or barge: Cafaub. and Upt."-R. Exarie, fodio; to dig out, or make hollow.

SKILL; Ioxw, per metath. fio; to know ; knowledge, or feience: originem vocabuli petitam aliqui putant, fays Jun. ex Exorn, fibola; quòd in eâ potiffimum capiamus aniini cultum, atque omnigenâ imbuamur fcientiâ :-or elfe, perhaps, it might be better to derive fill with Clei. Way. 41, from call, which, in the Welsh, to this day, fignifies wife, knowing, learned; and is SKEIN of filk, or yarn, and sometimes writ-radical to caileo, callidus; and skald; a bard:ten fkain; but neither of them proper, fince it is derived à Exovov, funiculus è junco plexus: R. Exovos, juncus; menfura Ægyptiaca fexaginta ftadia complectens: Hederic:-an Egyptian measure of an uncertain length :-Skinn. and Lye explain a fkain of thread by glomus, feu volumen fili: but then the Dr. ftrangely adds, "hoc nefcio an à præp. ex, et Lat. canna: (which by the way is Gr.) propter cavitatem; fc. ut pleraque omnia cava, præfertim fi oblonga fint, canne nomine vulgo vocitantur; ob quam eandem rationem Gouldmanno forago dicitur:"-forago, fays Ainfw. is a flip, or lea of yarn, filk, &c. as for the Dr.'s cava, oblarga forego, or hollow, long bottom of thread, it is utterly unintelligible.

but calleo, and callidus are both Gr. tho' probably derived from a different fource: nay, tho' we were to admit that kill comes from the Celtic cell, in the fenfe of fibolar, ftill it is Gr. viz. ab Aux aul-a; a ball, call, or coll ege.

SKILLET; "fortaffe eft ab illo feald quod fuit fupra," fays Jun. " potiffimum enim eâ utimur ad aquam in varios ufus fervefaciendam :”—becaule chiefly ufed to beat water in.

SKIM over a thing; expedite tranfire, tranfilir; à Germ. antiq. in Gl. Lipf. fciumo; citò; quickt rimbly: Lye explains it by defpumere, and derives it à Sued. Skuma; and then refers us to fas; which Junius derives à Xew, fundo ; Xevμa, vel Xupa, quod fufum, vel diffufum profluit: ab buc

igitur Xu, præfixos, origo vocis skum, et fkim: -yet, after all, perhaps our word fcum may take its origin from spuma, i.e. à Пlow, fpuo; [pit, froth, or fome; that rifes, and floats on the top of boiling liquor.

SKIMBLE-SKAMBLE: this is only a reduplication, which our language feems to be particularly fond of; and is introduced, becaufe Shakespear has made ufe of it in his First Part of Hen. IV. Act iii. fc. 2, where he makes Hotspur excufe the freedom he had taken in thwarting Glendower; and fay,

I cannot chufe: fometimes he angers me, With telling of the mould-warp, and the antA couching lion, and a rampant catAnd fuch a deal of fkimble fkamble stuff: the expreffion is pure Greek, and originates à Exaußos, obliquus, incurvus, tortuofus; præfertim qui cruribus difortis eft; meaning a perfon who has a buffling gait ; and here ufed to fignify any impertinent, incoherent jargon, void of fenfe, and devious from the common and ordinary difcourfe of men; or as in a former paffage he had fo juftly expreffed it by

colla, per armos: Avaxail, proprie de equo fe efferente erectis jubis: all which is more applicable to a frolickfome horfe, than to a skittish one:-the next is produced by Cafaub. alone, who obferves, "Angli pariter de equo fkittish, qualem, quia Galli vocant ombrageux, fufpicetur aliquis fortaffe ex Exia potius manaffe: fed ego illud magis probo:"-but is more preferable, because it anfwers nearer to the common idea of a fkittish. borse, viz. one who starts efide continually at every object, either through a deficiency of fight,. as not having perfect vifion, or whofe fight is too good, i. e. perpetually looking at every object, and as perpetually frightened at it: the laft deriv. has been fuggested by this laft idea; viz. that a fkittish horfe is one who starts afide continually; and therefore may be derived à Exaigw, vel Exiglaw, falto, exfilio; to skip, or dance about, not in a frolickfome, but in a fearful manner, as being afraid of every object; and therefore jumping from it:-the third, after thefe, is not worth producing.

SKITTLES; antiently called kails, or keels, and fuppofed to be derived à Knov (because near it in found) jaculum; a dart; for that they are like a dart: Law Dict.-but both skittles and keels feem to be more eafily derived à Σκελος, quafi Exos, crus; the thigh bone; because, as the good old Dictionary itfelf acknowledges, they were formerly made of the bank-bones of an ox, or horfe.

This bald, unjointed chat of his.. SKIN:" either from Exulos, futum, pellis; a covering, or bide: Nug."-or elfe, with Cafaub. we may derive it à Exnvos, etiam apud Longinum περὶ Ὑψες, Ανθρωπινον σκηνος, bumanum corpus eft enim pellis quoddam. quafi corporis tabernaculum; this earthly tabernacle; or, perhaps, SKREEN, hide; "manifefte per ufitatiffimam better ftill, ab Arxos: ut Arnos Boos, apud Home-literæ & tranfpofitionem factum eft ex Emigov, umΣκιρον, rum, pelis bovina; Acxos Magous, apud Herodot. braculum; orbiculus, vel quadra foli vel igni oppellis Marfye; i. e. exuvia. pofita ad moderandum ardorem ipfum vero Exigon, dictum quafi Exegov: Jun."—the root of both which is Exixgov, à Exix, umbra; a fade, or. covering, to fecure or protect from any injury.

SKIP, Exaigu, falio, tripudio ; to jump, or leap athwart.

SKIPPER: not from the foregoing root; but fignifying now a ship-man, or ship-mate; and confequently derives from the fame root with SHIP: Gr.

SKIRMISH; "Es, in; et Xappa, pugna; a combat, or the beat, and courage, which leads us on to battle or fimply from Xagun: R. Xargw, to be full of joy: unless we chufe to derive it from the German Schirmen; to skirmish: Nug." -but then it would be no Gr. deriv.

SKIRRET; Eragon, fifer a parfnip, or fpecies of wild carrot.

SKITTISH: we have no fewer than three deriv. of this word;-the firft is produced by Cafaub. and Upt, who would derive skittish "à Xala, and Xaligar, de equo proprie dicitur indomito, vel aliàs effræni, et fternace ;" and Upt. quotes Homer, II. E. 506, for apoi de Xailar whois Χαίζαι ωμοις aïcola and Virg. Æn. xi. 492, luduntque jubæ per

αμφι

SKREEN, or fift; Koivw, cerno, fecerno; to feparate, or divide.

SKULK, « Σκαλκας, et Σκελκατορας, recentiores Tax fcriptores Græci appellant exploratores, (Scouts) hinc etiam fculcatoria navigia, ra Kalaronina, apud Caffiodorum, funt exploratoria; (perhaps what we call privateers :)-puerulos interim laborum fugitantes, atque ob hoc à fchola fe fubducentes, fkulkers nominant Dani: any idle loiterers: Jun."

SKULL: "Minfh. deflectit à Euchaw, exficco; quia, inquit, omnium offium eft ficciffimum; quod fane, nullus credo: Skinn."-the Dr. therefore, has rather derived it à "hell; Konsos, culeus, vagina, loculus" the lodgment for the brain.

SKY: "Sax. rcinan; fplendere, fulgere, nobis to fhine; vel à rceapian; confpicere; quia fc. pulcherrimum omnium spectaculum eft: vel à scua;

umbra:

umbra: alludit Exia: Skinn."--this laft is likewife | mus in notis ad eum Hieronymi locum, fufpicatur venire Exavdanov à Exagw, claudico; quòd cogat inftar claudi in obliquum tendere: Voff."-to raise a scandalous, or false report, to the injury, or prejudice of any one.

the deriv. of Cafaub.-but furely never were there
two more oppofite deriv.; it is called the sky, be-
caufe it is bright; and it is called the sky, because
it is dark! and Lye obferves, that Danis atque
Icelandis fkii funt nubes; et Sued. Sky eft æther:
-notwithstanding the authority of all these etym.
it seems more natural to fuppofe, that our werd
fky is only a contraction of Ko-λov, ca-lum; the
beavens; by only prefixing s; thus - vel
fca; i. e. fky.
SLAB

:

the fame as flab, and flabby: Gr. SLABBYS here used to fignify any liquors that are ropy, Aimy, or bang down in a string Shakespear has made ufe of this word in that admirable scene of the Witches in Macbeth, Act IV. fc. 1, where, among all the horrid in gredients which they throw into the boiling cauldron, he mentions the

Liver of blafpheming Jew,
Gall of goat, and flips of yew,
Sliver'd in the moon's eclipfe;
Nofe of Turk, and Tartar's lips;
Finger of birth-ftrangled babe,
Ditch-deliver'd by a drab,

7

Make the gruel thick and Лlab.
SLACK" Xaλaw, remitto, relaxo; de funibus,
SLAKE et id genus propriè: Cafaub." to
unloofe; to quench.

SLAP, Konapos, colaphus, alapa; a buffet, or box on the ear: R. Konaw, ferio, tundo; to beat. SLAPE-ale: " vox agro Linc. ufitatiffima, et eft cerevifia fimplex, ut apponitur medicatæ abfinthio, vel cochleariâ, vel alio liquore mixtæ: fortean, licet fenfus non parum variet, ab slape quod agro noftro Linc. lubricum, feu mollem fignat; i.e. Smooth ale, hoc à verbo to flip ; quod vide: Skinn."

which the Dr. acknowledges," alludit Gr. Aiagos, pinguis; pinguia enim lubrica funt :”—so that flape ale is literally flipary; or, as it is commonly written, flippery ale; i. e. runs down glib. SLAPI-GRAVA; a fleep-graue; because the dead body may be accompted as beeing asleep: Verft."but SLEEP is Gr.

11

SLASH; "Skinn. à fono fictum putat ; ego,' fays Lye, "ab Iceland. fafa; lædere, collidere; percutere" then probably it is derived à exau, vel Paaw, contundere; to flay, beat, cut. to SLAT on 66 to dab on: Ray :"-perhaps only a different dialect for SLAP on with a dash; if fo, it is Gr.

SLATE; "Doct. Th. Henfh. deflect. à Fr. Gall. efclate, vel efclat; affula:fed unde, inquies, hoc efclat? forte à Lat. exclanus, exclangere ; fignificat enim proprie affulam, cum fragore diffiffam, abruptam et diffilientem: Skinn."—all this may be very true; but we might rather fuppofe, with Jun. that "flate ita dictum effe à fitt, or split; findere, diffindere :"-only then it is Gr.: fee SHINDLES: Gr.

SLAM at cards; "vox chartis ludentibus notiffima; vel à Teut. fchlagen; percutere; etiam fecundariò bostem fundere, in fugam cogere, cedere, vertere; metaphora frequentiffimâ à victoriâ in campo ad victoriam ludicram traductâ: Skinn."-had the Dr. tranflated it hoftem occidere, inftead of hoftem fundere, he might perhaps have feen that his favourite pretty Teut. word fchlagen was no more than SLAY; not indeed literally, but only gaining a complete victory over an adverfary at cards :-ther Labbe thinks that this word might have been confequently Gr.

SLAVE; "Eoxxew, includo; as much as to fay, kept under lock and key: R. Kλew, claudo :-Fa

alfo derived from Sclavonia, the people whereof, SLAM-MALKIN, commonly written, and after having been fubdued, were fold over all the pronounced flammerkin; a factitious compound, Weft. Nug."--both Jun. and Skinn. have given fignifying "femina fqualida, veftitûs negligens, the fame deriv.-but then it ought not to have et incuriofa; (or what we call a dirty trollop) R. had a place in the Dr's. lift of words derived from Auvn, limus; fimy: unde Sax. lim, vel lam:- the Gr.-Jun. however, has introduced another and malkin takes its origin from Magix, Maria; deriv. fo curious, it deserves to be tranfcribed; Mary: unde Mall, et Moll; cum terminatione" contendebat olim vir eruditus, fi fervus dicatur, diminutivâ kin; q. d. Mariola: quia fc. officium ancillæ præftat, dum furnum everrit: Skinn." a dirty fweeper.

quafi fervatus in bello; etiam flave potuiffe dici, qui fit falvatus in bello :-this feems to be the most probable opinion; and may be derived à SLANDER, "Exavdanov, fcandalum, offendicu- Laos, falvus; faved, or preferved from the sword lum, quia in viâ infidiofe ponitur, ut pedem ad by being taken prifoner : fee SERVANT : Gr. : illud offendendo cadamus; nifi fallor, ait Hiero-Clel. Voc. 30, n, fays, that "lave is a word nymus, Exwhor, et Exavdanov, apud Græcos ex corrupted from icht's-glebe; adfcriptitius glebæ; Σκωλον, Σκανδαλον, offenfione, et ruiná, nomen accepit: quare Eraf (whatever is meant by that term) I have fome

reason,

reafon, to think," fays he," that the Romans mis petita videtur:" he therefore prefers the introduced the cuftom of tilling the land with Goth. Sax. Alman. and Belg. ingenuously allow flaves; which gave rife to this mongrel word:"-ing, that "the Alman. Alaffan; dormire; et flaf ; mongrel indeed, if compounded, as it appears to fomnus, poffunt videri facta ex flaff; quod inertem, be, of Celtic and Greek: but the former, which ac remiffum denotat: nam fpiritus vitales, qui appears fo much Celtic, is more probably Gr. vigilantibus vividi, fomno preffos quodammodo viviz. icht, from iЯus; from ico, from Exa, præ- dentur deftituere, atque omnia corporis noftri terito verbi In, mitto; vel à dığı, unde ius; membra folvere; unde Avoiλns úrvos, dicitur ǎ Osyw, tango:-GLEBE likewife is Gr. Hom. Odyff. Ψ. 343: ὁ τὰ μέλη τῆ σωμαίος παρίεις, aμegiμvos:"-so that now we are brought round again to Au-vos, as in the beginning of this art.

SLEEP; Auw-uπuos, to be diffolved in fleep: "mallem à labi," fays Skinn. "quia dormientes in terram labimur:"-a very coarse idea: but may be derived from the fame root with LAPSE: Gr.; unless, with Helvigius, as quoted by Lye, we may fuppofe, that "ex ipfo antiquitatis finu deprompta eft vox fchlaff, à Græcis, ut videtur, petita: quibus Zuλλaßn eft comprehenfio: hac igi- *SLINK, or skulk away: " Añvoxa?w, fugio; to tur voce Germanis uti libeat ad fignificandum kulk from battle: Cafaub."-or perhaps it is Sax.. fomnum ; quippe qui totius corporis, et fenfuum SLIP; commonly written flippery: but from fopitorum eft quædam veluti comprehenfio: R. whence fuch orthography fhould come, would be Aapas"-but then he concludes; " cæterùm difficult to fay, fince the Gr. orig. is Asmaços, hæc originatio mihi frigida prorfus, ac longe ni-lubricus, pinguis, un&us ; fat, greasy, lubricated.