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time, the book has been repeatedly published, at least once in England, and at least eight times in America the last time being in 1867." This edition of 1867 was published at New York and contained a memoir by J. W. Dean. The chief biography of Wigglesworth, JOHN WARD DEAN'S Memoir of the Rev. Michael Wigglesworth, Author of the Day of Doom, Albany, 1863, contains (pp. 140-151) a note on "Editions of Wigglesworth's Poems."

COTTON MATHER

Book I. Chapter V.

The life and works of Cotton Mather are adequately discussed in the Rev. ABIJAH PERKINS MARVIN's The Life and Times of Cotton Mather, Boston [1892], and in BARRETT WENDELL'S Cotton Cotton Mather, the Puritan Priest, New York [1891]. Mather. Professor Wendell's book has a list of authorities on pages 309 and 310; SIBLEY'S Harvard Graduates, Vol. III. pp. 42-158, has an elaborate Mather bibliography. The Magnalia has twice been reprinted in America: once in 1820 at Hartford, Conn., in 2 vols., 8vo, and again in the same form and at the same place in 1853. There is now no accessible edition.

BOOK II. THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY

ENGLISH HISTORY FROM 1700 TO 1800
Book II. Chapter I.

The great book on English history in the eighteenth century is W. E. H. LECKY's A History of England in the Eighteenth Century, 8 vols., 1878-90. LORD MAHON's History of England from the Peace of Utrecht to the Peace of Versailles, 1713-1783, 7 vols., 1853-54, is also valuable.

ENGLISH LITERATURE FROM 1700 TO 1800

Book II. Chapter II.

For the outlines of English literary history in the eighteenth century the following will serve tolerably well: ALEXANDRE BELJAME: Le Public et les Hommes de Lettres en Angleterre au Dix-huitième Siècle (1660-1744), Paris, 1881; EDMUND GOSSE: A History of Eigh

teenth Century Literature, London, 1889; THOMAS S. PERRY: English Literature in the Eighteenth Century, New York, 1883.

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AMERICAN HISTORY FROM 1700 TO 1800

Book II. Chapter III.

For American history in the eighteenth century, the general authorities Channing, Channing and Hart's Guide, and Winsor - will amply suffice. For religious matters, see G. L. WALKER'S Some Aspects of the Religious History of New England, with Special Reference to Congregationalists, Boston, 1897.

LITERATURE IN AMERICA FROM 1700 TO 1776

Book II. Chapter IV.

On the literary history of America in the eighteenth century the standard authority is Professor Tyler, the second, third, and fourth volumes of whose work admirably cover the period from the beginning of the century through the year 1783.

JOHN WOOLMAN's Journal, with an introduction by John G. Whittier, was published at Boston in 1871. On Woolman's life and writings, see TYLER's Literary History of the American Revolution, Chap. XXXVII.

Of THOMAS HUTCHINSON's History of the Colony of MassachusetsBay (Vol. I. Boston, 1764; Vol. II. Boston, 1767; Vol. III. Lon

Hutchinson.

don, 1828), the first two volumes have been out of print for over a century, the last edition having been published at Salem and Boston in 1795; the third volume is to be found only in the London edition of 1828. For biographical detail, see The Diary and Letters of His Excellency Thomas Hutchinson, Esq., ed. P. O. Hutchinson, 2 vols., Boston, 1884-86. The late Charles Deane compiled a Hutchinson bibliography which was privately printed at Boston in 1857.

JONATHAN EDWARDS

Book II. Chapter V.

Professor ALLEN writes: "The first edition of Edwards' works was published in Worcester, Mass., in 8 vols., 1809; afterwards republished in 4 vols. It is still in print, the plates being owned, it is said, by Carter Bros., New York. Dr. Dwight's edition was published in New York in 1829, in 10 vols., the first volume being

occupied with the life. There is a London edition in 8 vols. by Williams, 1817; vols. 9 and 10 supplementary by Ogle, Edinburgh, 1847. Another London edition in 2 vols., bearing the imprint of Bohn, is still in print, and though cumbrous in form is in many respects excellent. It possesses the only portrait of Edwards which answers to one's idea of the man." The best biography of Edwards is Prof. A. V. G. ALLEN'S Jonathan Edwards, Boston, 1889; it contains (pp. 391–393) a good bibliography. One should also note the essays on Edwards by Holmes (Works, Riverside ed., Vol. VIII. pp. 361-401) and by Leslie Stephen (Hours in a Library, 2d series, Chap. II., London, 1876).

BENJAMIN FRANKLIN

Book II. Chapter VI.

Of Franklin's works the best edition is that by JOHN BIGELOW, 10 vols., New York, 1887-88. Of Franklin's own Life the best edition is that by John Bigelow, in 3 vols., Philadelphia, 1875. The best biographies of Franklin seem those of Prof. JOHN BACH MCMASTER, in the series of American Men of Letters, Boston, 1887, and of JOHN T. MORSE, Jr., in the American Statesmen series, Boston, 1889. PAUL LEICESTER FORD has compiled a Franklin Bibliography, Brooklyn, 1889.

THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION

Book II. Chapter VII.

On the literary aspect of the American Revolution, Professor TYLER's volumes are the best authority; for its history, JOHN FISKE'S American Revolution, 2 vols., Boston, 1892, is entertaining and suggestive, while WINSOR's Reader's Handbook of the American Revolution (1761-1783), Boston, 1880, points the way to the authorities. for study in detail. Dr. S. WEIR MITCHELL'S Hugh Wynne is so accurate and vivid a fiction as to have the value of an authority. The writings of JAMES OTIS have never been collected. For notes on his various speeches and articles, see WINSOR's Reader's Handbook, pp. 1-2, and his America, Vol. VI. pp. 68-70. Biographies Otis. of Otis have been written by William Tudor, Boston, 1823, and by Francis Bowen in SPARKS's Library of American Biography, zd series, Vol. II., Boston, 1847.

Westchester

On the

Westchester Farmer," see WINSOR's America,

Farmer. Vol. VI. p. 104.

The Miscellaneous Essays and Occasional Writings of Francis Hopkinson, in 3 vols. were published at Philadelphia in 1792. Hopkinson. On Hopkinson's life and writings, see TYLER: Literary History of the American Revolution, Chap. XXX.

LITERATURE IN AMERICA FROM 1776 TO 1800

Book II. Chapter VIII.

On the general conditions of life in America between the close of the Revolution and the beginning of the nineteenth century, see HENRY ADAMS'S History of the United States, 9 vols., New York, 1889-91.

Federalist.

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On the Federalist group, the chief authorities are The Federalist, etc., ed. Paul Leicester Ford, New York, 1898; The Works of Alexander Hamilton, ed. Henry Cabot Lodge, 9 vols., New York, 1885-86; Madison's Papers, being bis Correspondence and Reports of Debates, ed. Henry D. Gilpin, 3 vols., Washington, 1840, and his Letters and Other Writings, 4 vols., Philadelphia, 1865; The Correspondence and Public Papers of John Jay, ed. Henry P. Johnston, 4 vols., New York, 1890. For biographical detail, see HENRY CABOT LODGE's Alexander Hamilton, Boston, 1882 (American Statesmen series); WILLIAM C. RIVES'S History of the Life and Times of James Madison, 3 vols., Boston, 1859-68; SYDNEY HOWARD GAY'S James Madison, Boston, 1884 (American Statesmen series), and GEORGE PELLEW's John Jay, Boston, 1890 (American Statesmen series). Copious bibliographic detail will be found in WINSOR's America, Vol. VII. pp. 259-260, and in PAUL LEICESTER FORD's Bibliotheca Hamiltoniana, New York, printed for the author, 1886.

A sufficient notion of CRÈVECŒUR may be got from TYLER: Literary History of the American Revolution, Vol. II. pp. 347-358, and Stedman and Hutchinson's Library, Vol. III. pp. 138–146. Crèvecœur. Crèvecœur's Letters from an American Farmer were published at London in 1782; there is a French translation in two volumes, published at Paris in 1784.

Selections from the writings of the "Hartford Wits" are given in the third volume of Stedman and Hutchinson's Library; while Pro

Wits.

fessor Tyler's Literary History of the American Revolution Hartford discusses their work at some length. For an interesting monograph on the Hartford Wits, see F. SHELDON: The Pleiades of Connecticut, Atlantic Monthly, Vol. XV. p. 187 (Feb., 1865).

TIMOTHY DWIGHT's works are not in print. Original editions of importance are: The Triumph of Infidelity: A Poem. Printed in the World, 1788; The Conquest of Canaan: A Poem, in Dwight. Eleven Books, Hartford, 1785; Greenfield Hill: A Poem,

in Seven Parts, New York, 1794; Travels in New England and New York (1796-1815), 4 vols., New Haven, 1821-22. For further details, see Professor Tyler's excellent Three Men of Letters [Berkeley, Dwight, Barlow], New York, 1895, pp. 184-185.

The Poetical Works of Jonathan Trumbull, LL.D., were published at Hartford in 1820. Notable editions of M'Fingal are the first, M'Fingal: a Modern Epic Poem, in Four Cantos, Hart- Trumbull. ford, 1782, 16mo; the sixth, London, 1793, with explana

tory notes by Joel Barlow; and an edition with introduction and notes by B. J. Lossing, New York, 1880.

Of JOEL BARLOw's writings no edition is in print. For Barlow. bibliography and other details, see TYLER's Three Men of Letters, pp. 131-183.

Freneau.

The writings of FRENEAU are no longer in print. Among early editions should be noted Miscellaneous Works of Mr. Philip Freneau, Containing his Essays and Additional Poems, Philadelphia, 1788; Poems Written between the Years 1768 and 1794, Monmouth, 1795; Poems Written and Published during the American Revolutionary War . . . and Other Pieces not heretofore in Print, 2 vols., Philadelphia, 1809. On Campbell's borrowings from Freneau, see TYLER: Literary History of the American Revolution, Vol. I. pp. 177 ff.

BOOK III. THE NINETEENTH CENTURY

ENGLISH HISTORY SINCE 1800

Book III. Chapter I.

For English history in the nineteenth century, the general refer

ence will suffice.

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