BROWNING'S PLATYSCOPIC LENS. "If you carry a small Platyscopic Pocket Lens (which every observer of Nature ought to do)."-GEANT ALLEN in KNOWLEDGE. CO Engraved real size. A NEW ACHROMATIC COMBINATION. COMBINING THE DEFINITION OF A MICROSCOPE WITH THE PORTABILITY The Platyscopic Lens is invaluable to botanists, mineralogists, or entomologists, as it focuses about three times as far from the object as the Coddington Lenses. This allows opaque objects to be examined easily. The Platyscopic Lens is made of four degrees of power, magnifying respectively, 10, 15, 20, and 30 diams.; the lowest power, having the largest field, is the best adapted for general use. The Lenses are set in Ebonite Cells, and mounted in Tortoiseshell Frames. Price of the Platyscopic Lens, mounted in Tortoiseshell, magnifying either 10, 15, 20, or 30 diameters, 18s. 6d. each power. ILLUSTRATED DESCRIPTION SENT FREE. JOHN BROWNING, 63, 63, STRAND, LONDON, W.C. CHATTO & WINDUS, For PUBLISHERS. POPULAR ASTRONOMY. By J. RAMBOSSON, A SYNOPSIS OF THE BACTERIA AND YEAST. WORKS BY RICHARD A. PROCTOR, Editor of FLOWERS OF THE SKY. With 55 Illustrations. EASY STAR LESSONS. With Star Maps for Every cloth extra, 7s. 6d. Crown 8vo., ROUGH WAYS MADE SMOOTH. Familiar Essays LONDON: CHATTO & WINDUS, Piccadilly, W. OUR PLACE AMONG INFINITIES: Crown 8vo., cloth extra, 68. THE EXPANSE OF HEAVEN. Crown 8vo., cloth SATURN AND ITS SYSTEM. With 13 Steel Plates, THE GREAT PYRAMID: Observatory, Tomb, and MYSTERIES OF TIME AND SPACE. With Illus- WORKS BY Dr. ANDREW WILSON, F.R.S.E. CHAPTERS ON EVOLUTION: A Popular History of the Darwinian and Allied Theories of Development. Second Edition. Crown 8vo., cloth extra, with 259 Illustrations, 7s. 6d. LEAVES FROM A NATURALIST'S NOTEBOOK. Post 8vo., cloth limp, 28. 6d. PHOTOGRAPHIC APPARATUS 7 10 0 10 10 0 700 TENTH THOUSAND "How to be a Successful Amateur Photographer," by W. J. Lancaster, F.C.S., &c. 64 pp. 31 Illustrations, 6d. post free. Illustrated Catalogue, 2 stamps. J. LANCASTER & SON, Opticians, Birmingham. Printed and Published for the Proprietors by CHARLES WYMAN, at the Printing Office of Wyman & Sons, 74-76, Great Queen-street, The NEXT NUMBER of "KNOWLEDGE" will be Published on OCTOBER 28th, and dated NOVEMBER 1st. Price 6d. KNOWLED AN ILLUSTRATED MAGAZINE OF SCIENCE CONDUCTED BY RICHARD A. PROCTOR. VOL. VIII.-No. 207.] : Put up a Picture in your room."-LEIGH HUNT. THE AUTOTYPE FINE - ART GALLERY, MEMORY & SUCCESS HODDER & STOUGHTON'S 74, NEW OXFORD STREET, W.C. 8PLENDID COPIES OF THE OLD MASTERS, From the most celebrated Galleries of Europe. REPRODUCTIONS OF WORKS OF MODERN ART, COPIES OF REYNOLDS, GAINSBOROUGH, LAWRENCE, And rare Works from the Print-room, British Museum, AN ILLUSTRATED PAMPHLET, "Autotype in relation te Household Art," with Press notices, free per post. Fine Art Catalogue, 166 pp., price 6d., post free. NATIONAL GALLERY, LONDON. CAMERA LENSES. Seven First-Class International Awards. SWIFT & SON'S New Paragon Lenses (rapid and ordinary). These lenses for Portraits, Groups, Architecture, &c., are unsurpassed, and their depth of focus and beauty of detail are equal to any yet produced at Home or Abroad (prices moderate). Catalogue of Photographic Apparatus, &c., for stamp. New Series of Microscope Objectives with increased angle of aperture, all of which can now be used for Photo-Micrography, without the addition of a supplementary lens. Catalogue of New Microscopes, Apparatus, &c., for stamp. UNIVERSITY OPTICAL WORKS, 81 TOTTENHAM COURT ROAD, LONDON, W. Man? WE A good memory. WHAT IS IT THAT every one can obtain from PROFESSOR LOISETTE? A good memory-the Physiological Art of Never Forgetting-wholly unlike Mnemonics. Any book whatever mastered in one reading. Lost Memories restored. The worst made good, and the best better. Prospectus post free, giving opinions of Mr. RICHARD A. PROCTOR, Dr. ANDREW WILSON, and others who have studied the system. Great inducements to Correspondence Classes in all PROFESSOR LOISETTE, ODONTOBAPH TOOTH PASTE, TOOTH POWDER, TOOTH BRUSH, AND MOUTH WASH. MADAME MARIE ROZE writes:-"I bave much (Signed) Of all Chemists, Hairdressers, and Perfumers, ODONTOBAPH CO., WHOLESALE LONDON AGENTS: 8. Maw Thompson & Co., Barclay & Sons, LIST. Second Edition. This Day. 8vo., 7s. 6d. A Series of Discussions in Religion. By Rev. A. JOHN B. GOUGH'S NEW BOOK. Now Ready, price 5s., with 12 Choice Engraving', LEAVES FROM MY NOTEBOOK OF FORTY Price 7s. 6d., a new Edition of Her Life The Author of "Stepping Heaven ward; "It is the inner history of a woman of genius. Charming reading to those who love to study human nature under varied aspects."-Academy. Sixteenth Edition, Forty-fifth Thousand, 7s. 6d. SPIRITUAL WORLD. HENRY DRUMMOND, F.R.S.E., F.G.S. Price 58., with Steel Portrait, &c., handsomely bound. TO THE WHITE HOUSE. London: HODDER & STOUGHTON, 27, Pater. noster-row. Manufacturers of Entomological Plain Ring Nets, wire or cane, including Stick, Cabinet Nested FIELD'S Of all Chemists, Grocers, and Wholesale" Prepared from Sea-Weeds and Glycerine, and containing all the SAMPHIRE Absolutely pure and neutral, free from all artificial Scent and Colour and uncombined Alkali. One 6d Tablet contains the essentials of 20 SEA E. BATHS. SOAP. CETTI, Wholesale Manufacturer of all kinds of Meteorological Instruments, Mercurial and Aneroid Barometers. Rain and Vacuum Gauges. Makers of all the Improved Clinicals, Thermometers, Water and Gas Apparatus. Electric Light, and Mercurial Pumps of all kinds. Apparatus of all kinds for Laboratory Use. Large Assortment of Graduated Measures and Funnels always in stock. Special Designs in Glass Blowing carried out on the Premises. 36, BROOK STREET, HOLBORN, LONDON. Glass Works, LAMBETH. THE PATENT BOOK-SHELF FITTINGS, As used in the PUBLIC LIBRARIES of LIVERPOOL, GLASGOW, BIRMINGHAM, &c., enable a nice adjustment of Shelves to be made without trouble. A LARGE STOCK OF INSECTS AND Hookham's Patent PICTURE LINE & FASTENERS BIRDS' EGGS. CABINETS.-Special Show Room. FOR PARTICULARS AND MEASUREMENT A LIST WILL BE SENT ON APPLICATION. Birds, Mammals, &c., Preserved and Mounted by First-class Workmen. 36, STRAND, LONDON, W.C. (Five doors from Charing Cross). Perspective view of Fastener. HENRY'S PATENT SASH LINE FASTENER Front view of Fastener. These Sash Line Fasteners are easily fitted into any square framed window. The object of this invention is to do away with the necessity of taking out sash frames and beadings. Once these Fasteners are adjusted any handy person can replace a broken cord in a few minutes at a very trifling cost. Diagram, with full directions, sent on application. Price 38. a pair. To be had of Underwood & Farrant, 56, Haymarket, 8.W. For wholesale prices apply to the Patentee, COLONEL R. HENRY, 35, Stanhopegardens, London, S.W afford the MOST SECURE AND EASY means of hanging Pictures. Under Garments as worn by the Lady Correspondent of "KNOWLEDGE" on this subject. Apply or Address "The Publisher," Knowledge Office, 74, Great Queen Street, London, W.C. LONGMANS, GREEN, & CO. PATERNOSTER ROW, LONDON, E.C. SCIENTIFIC WORKS BY RICHARD A. PROCTOR, New Editions, Revised and brought up to the present state of Astronomical Science. THE SUN; Ruler, Light, With Plates and Woodcuts. Crown 8vo. 14s. OTHER WORLDS THAN OURS; the Plurality of Worlds Studied under the Light of Recent Scientific Researches. Fifth Edition. With 14 Illustrations; Maps, Charts, Sections, and Coloured Plates. Crown 8vo., 10s. 6d. TREATISE ON THE CYCLOID AND ALL FORMS OF CYCLOIDAL CURVES, and on the Use of Cycloidal Curves in dealing with the Motions of Planets, Comets, &c., and of Matter projected from the Sun. With 161 Diagrams. Large crown 8vo., 10s. 6d. THE ORBS AROUND US; Familiar Essays on the Moon and Planets, Meteors and Comets, the Sun and Coloured Pairs of Suns. Second Edition, with Chart and Diagrams. Crown 8vo., 7s. 6d. LIGHT SCIENCE FOR LEISURE HOURS; Familiar Essays on Scientific Subjects, Natural Phenomena, &c. 3 vols., crown 8vo., 7s. 6d. each. TRANSITS OF VENUS, PAST PAST AND AND COMING, from the First observed A.D. 1639 to the Transit of A.D. 2012. Fourth Edition (1882), including an Account of the Successes achieved Dec., 1874, and a Note on the Results obtained by the British Expeditions; with 20 Plates (12 Coloured) and 38 Woodcuts. Crown 8vo., 88. 6d. STUDIES OF VENUS-TRANSITS; an Investigation of the Circumstances of the Transits of Venus in 1874 and 1882. With 7 Diagrams and 10 Plates. 8vo., 5s. THE MOON; HER MOTIONS, ASPECT, SCENERY, AND PHYSICAL CONDITION. With many Plates and Charts, Wood Engraving, 3 Lunar Photographs, by Rutherford, of New York. Crown 8vo., price 10s. 6d. ESSAYS ON ASTRONOMY; including Papers on Planets and Meteors, the Sun and Sun-surrounding Space, Stars, and Star Cloudlets. With 10 Plates and 24 Woodcuts. 8vo., 12s. NEW STAR ATLAS FOR THE LIBRARY, THE SCHOOL, AND THE OBSERVATORY, in Twelve Circular Maps (with Two Index-Plates). With an Introduction on the Study of the Stars, illustrated by 9 Diagrams. Crown 8vo., 58. LARGER STAR ATLAS FOR OBSERVERS AND STUDENTS, in Twelve Circular Maps, showing 6,000 Stars, 1,500 Double Stars, Nebulae, &c. Fourth and Cheaper Edition, THE UNIVERSE OF STARS: Researches into, PLEASANT WAYS IN SCIENCE, with Numerous Crown 8vo., 6s. ENTIRELY NEW CONSTRUCTION. With the Patent Consolidated Metal Framing, cast in a single solid piece, is capable of bearing an amount of strain far in excess of any that has yet been brought to bear in the most modern developof the instrument. THE BRINSMEAD PIANO. ENTIRELY NEW CONSTRUCTION. With the Patent Perfect Check Repeater Action replaces intricacy by simplicity, affording perfect leverage to the finger of the performer. THE BRINSMEAD PIANO ENTIRELY NEW CONSTRUCTION. The Patent Spring Compensator preserves the instrument. Now, both in the violin and the pianoforte, the immense pressure caused by the tension of the strings has the natural effect of depressing the sounding board, and thus causing depreciation of the tone, but in the Brinsmead Piano any or every note can in a moment be readjusted by means of a leverage bar, which raises or depresses the strings as in the case of the bridge of the violin. THE BRINSMEAD PIANO. ENTIRELY NEW CONSTRUCTION. The Patent Sostenente Sounding Board covers the entire area of the back of the instrument, and its method of attachment is such as to secure the greatest amount of elasticity; in addition, it is adjusted to a delicate curve in accordance with true acoustic principles, the effect of which on the reverberating agency is of vital importance. BRINSMEAD PIANO. THE ENTIRELY NEW CONSTRUCTION. The Patent String Adjustment supersedes the wooden wrest plank and its clumsy old pegs, and the consequent grave defect of quickly getting out of tune; ease, perfection, and durability of tuning being thus attained. THE BRINSMEAD PIANO. ENTIRELY NEW CONSTRUCTION. The Times says:-"The Cross of the Legion of Honour has been conferred on Mr. John Brinsmead." ENTIRELY NEW CONSTRUCTION The Daily News says:-" The appointment of THE BRINSMEAD PIANO. ENTIRELY NEW CONSTRUCTION. The Echo says:-"The nearest approach to perfection with which we are acquainted. Unless the whole plan is radically changed, it would seem impossible to make any further advances." THE BRINSMEAD PIANO. 1 ENTIRELY NEW CONSTRUCTION. The Illustrated London News says:-"The principle of the Brinsmead firm is to give the best Piano of its kind, the best of materials, the best of care, the best of taste, and the best of finish; and this is why the manufactory in Kentish Town sends down to Wigmore Street so many pianos perfect in scale, sustained in tone, elastic in bulk, with equal and responsive touch, and, in fact, as near as possible to that ideal that all musicians must require a thing of beauty' that is 'a joy for ever. THE " BRINSMEAD PIANO. ENTIRELY NEW CONSTRUCTION. Sims Reeves says:-"It is everything that could be desired." JOHN BRNOFORTE MANUFACTURERS, BRINSMEAD & SONS, 18, 20, & 22, WIGMORE STREET, LONDON, W. ALL OVER THE WORLD. GALVANISM. RHEUMATISM. THE DIRECTORS OF THE Hygienic and Sanitary ENGINEERING CO., Invite the readers of this advertisement who wish for SAFE AND HEALTHY HOMES to visit their SHOWROOMS at 23 and 24, CHARING CROSS, LONDON, S.W. (nearly opposite the Admiralty), where they have fitted, in working order, a COMPLETE but SIMPLE system of SANITARY APPLIANCES so that any one can see for them. selves at a glance the means at everybody's disposal to have a perfectly SWEET HOME. DAN. THOS. BOSTEL, 1s. 3d. MUSIC! MUSIC!! MUSIC!!! 1s. 3d. All who wish to play the Piano, Organ, or Harmonium at Sight, send this advertisement and 15 stamps to W. WALKER, 81, Grosvenor-road, Bristol, for his MAGIC PIANOFORTE INSTRUCTOR (registered). £10 for any reader of KNOWLEDGE who fails to play by it immediately. The Sydney Observer, Newnham and Blakeney Herald say any one can play by this clever invention without the assistance of a teacher, even though they have no previous knowledge of music or of the instrument itself. The Oldham Chronicle says: "This is an excellent contrivance, by which those who have never seen a piano can learn to play a tune in a few minutes. The Foresters' Free Press says the arrangements are so simple, a child can instantly learn to play most difficult music. "Corporation-street, Birmingham, "September 7, 1885. "Gentlemen,-I purchased a Galvanic Belt from you in April, 1883, which I found of very great service in a chronic case of rheumatism. Please send me a Belt for another patient, and oblige yours faithfully, THOMAS WILSON, F.R.C.P. "Messrs. J. L. Pulvermacher & Co. 194, Regent-st., W." GALVA ALVANISM v. INDIGESTION and "8, Albany-villas, Duncan-road, Ramsgate, "Dear Sir,-My wife has worn your Galvanie Belt for about ten weeks, and I am pleased to say it has taken away the pain in the back and also the indigestion. "Mrs. Lyon intends calling on you the first time she is in London.-I am, yours respectfully, "W. LYON. "Mr. Pulvermacher, 194, Regent-street, W." ALVANISM v. 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ALVANISM v. SCIATICA. "Northwold, near Brandon, Norfolk, August 13, 1885. "Dear Sir,-I received your Galvanic Belt for sciatica in May last, and the electric power was so strong that it affected my whole nervous system in a wonderful manner. In one week I felt a different man altogether, and I cannot speak too highly in praise of your treatment.-Yours faithfully, "ARTHUR THORPE. "Mr. Pulvermacher, 194, Regent-street, W." ALVANISM v. WRITER'S CRAMP. "Victoria Cottage, Northenden-road, GALVA "Sale, Manchester, August 14, 1885. ADVICE PERSONALLY, or by letter, OR FURTHER TESTIMONIALS, both L. PULVERMACHER & CO.'S |