p. 310, 1. 7. “Pragmatical Sanction." Soon after the accession of Philip the Fourth a royal decree or Pragmática was published which attempted to carry out some of the recommendations of the Council, and which gave certain privileges to persons who married, and further immunities to those who had six children. The decree was plainly issued some time in the summer of 1622, and is no doubt that to which Bacon refers. - Mr. Ellis's note, Works, I. p. 798. p. 310, 1. 7. "now published." Mr. Sidney Walker conjectured that new is the genuine reading. - Critical Examination of the Text of Shakespeare, vol. II. p. 216. p. 312, 1. 24. " Spain." Bacon afterwards writing of "the great secret of the power of Spain," had this passage in the text in mind: Which power well sought into, will be found rather to consist in a veteran army, such as, upon several occasions and pretences, they have ever had on foot in one part or other of Christendom, now by the space almost of six-score years, than in the strength of their several dominions and provinces. —Considerations touching a War with Spain, 1629. Reprinted in The Harleian Miscellany, V. 92, ed. 1810. p. 312, 1. 16.—In the "History of Henry VII." Works, VI. 89, Bacon writes of the rebellion of Sir John Egremond: When the King was advertised of this new insurrection (being almost a fever that took him every year), etc. ESSAY XXXI. p. 330, 1. 10. — In the "History of King Henry VII." Bacon describes him as "having the composition of a wise King, (stout without and apprehensive within)." ESSAY XXXII. p. 344. — In “Short Notes for Civil Conversation," (Works, VII. 109). paragraphs 4-8 are almost verbatim a repetition of this Essay. p. 344, 1. 5. "certain common places and themes." Plu To be able to speake of one thing and no more, is first and foremost in my conceit no small signe of ignorance. — HOLLAND. tarch's Morals, p. 7, ed. 1657 p. 344, 1. 15. Jest not with the two-edged sword of God's word. Will nothing please thee to wash thy hands in but the font? or to drink healths in but the church chalice ? — FULLER. The Holy State, III. 2, § 2, p. 145, London ed. 1841. p. 344, l. 21. “Parce puer," etc. Sonne, spare the whip, and reyne them hard, they run so swift away. GOLDING. Ovid's Metamorphosis, p. 127, ed. 1657. p. 344, last line. "let him be sure to leave other men their turns to speak." If thou be Master-gunner, spend not all That thou canst speak, at once; but husband it, And give men turns of speech. HERBERT. The Church Porch. p. 345, 1. 4. "galliard." The Galliard (a word meaning brisk, gay, and used in that sense by Chaucer) is described by Sir John Davis as a swift and wandering dance, with lofty turns and capriols in the air. It derived its name from Gallia, the country from whence it came. C. Simpson says : This (according to its name) is of a lofty and frolick movement; the measure of it always a tripla, of three minims to a time. — A Compendium of Practical Musick, 3d ed. 1678, p. 117. For a full description of this dance, the reader is referred to that elegant work, CHAPPELL'S Popular Music of the Olden Time, I. 155, 157. ESSAY XXXIII. p. 353, 1. 15. — The following passage is taken from the scholarly 66 Speech of John Wingate Thornton, Esq. at the Fort Popham Celebration, August 29, 1862,” p. 12: Thomas Fuller, 1608-1661, an attentive observer of American affairs, and the reputed author of "The Holy and Profane State,” 1642, says in the article "Of Plantations," bk. III. ch. 16, p. 184, ed. London, 1841, "If the planters be such as leap thither from the gallows, can any hope for cream out of scum? when men send, as I may say, Christian savages to Heathen savages! It was rather bitterly than falsely spoken concerning one of our Western plantations, consisting most of dissolute people, that it was very like unto England, as being spit out of the very mouth of it.'" The same author, in his life of Popham, "Worthies of England," 1662, ed. 1811, II. 284, says that "in the beginning of the reign of King James, his [Popham's] Justice was exemplary on Theeves and Robbers. The land then swarmed with people who had been Souldiers, who had never gotten (or else quite forgotten) any other vocation . . idle mouthes which a former War did breed; too proud to begge, too lazy to labor. These infected the highwayes with their Felonies." Another biographer of Popham (Lloyd, 1635-1691, chaplain to Barrow, Bishop of St. Asaph), "States Worthies," ed. 1766, II. 45-47, uses the language of Fuller, just quoted, and adds, "Neither did he onely punish malefactors, but provide for them . . . he first set up the discovery of New England to maintain and employ those that could not live honestly in the Old; being of opinion that banishment thither would be as well a more lawful, as a more effectual remedy against those extravagancies; the authors whereof judge it more eligible to hang than to work; to end their days in a moment, than to continue them in pains," and then, citing a passage of history from Lord Bacon's Essay "Of Plantations," in the same connection with Popham and his convict colony, Lloyd concludes therewith ast follows: “Only a great Judgment [Bacon] observed, it is a shameful and an unblessed thing, to take the scum of people, and wicked and condemned men, to be the people with whom to plant; and not onely so, but it spoyleth the plantation, for they will live like rogues, and not fall to work, and do mischief, and spend victuals, and be quickly weary, and then certifie over to the country, to the disgrace of the Commonwealth." 66 ever ap Strachey dedicates his "Historie" to Lord Bacon as proving himself a most notable fautour of the Virginian Plantation, being from the beginning (with others Lords and Earles) of the principals Counsell applyed to propogate and guide yt." The article "Of Plantations" first appears in the edition of the Essays of 1625. Even without the evidence of Lloyd that this passage had a special aim at the Popham Colony, the history fits so well in all its parts, as if made purposely for it, that none, familiar with the original but would admire the fidelity of the picture. ESSAY XXXIV. p. 366, 1. 2. "Impedimenta." There is a remarkable anticipation of Bacon's phrase in a valuable old dictionary, "Baret's Alvearie,” 1580, p. 78: Baggage is borrowed of the French, and signifieth all such stuffe as may hinder us in warre or travelling, being not worth the carriage Impedimenta. — SINGER. p. 366, 1. 11. "dole." “Dole” and “deal," says Trench (“Glossary "), are one and the same word, and mean a part or portion. It has now always the subaudition of a scanty portion, as "to dole" is to deal scantily and reluctantly forth ("pittance" has acquired the same); but Sanderson's use of" dole" is instructive, as showing that "distribution or division" is all which once lay in the word. There are certain common graces of illumination, and those indeed are given by dole, knowledge to one, to another tongues, to another healings; but it is nothing so with the special graces of sanctification. There is no distribution or division here; either all or none. - SANSermons, 1671, II. 247. DERSON. Hence, the distribution of alms at a funeral was called a dole." Deal (quoth he) a dole Which round (with good men's prayers) may guard my soul p. 367, last line. "broke by servants." The obsolete verb to broke, Thus in Fanshawe's translation signifies to deal by an agent. of the Lusiad: But we do want a certain necessary Woman to broke between them, Cupid said. And in "All's Well That Ends Well," III. 5 : HEL. - May be the amorous count solicits her WID. He does indeed; And brokes with all that can in such a suit p. 377, 1. 8. ESSAY XXXV. John Studley (1566) translated this passage at the end of the second act of "Medea," thus: Time shall in fine out breake SENECA. His Tenne Tragedies, Translated into Englysh, p. 378, 1. 4. One day when King Henry the Sixth (whose innocency gave him holiness) was washing his hands at a great feast, and cast his eye upon King Henry, then a young youth, he said; This is the lad that shall possess quietly that that we now strive for. -History of Henry VII. Works, VI. 245. This incident is introduced in "The Third Part of King Henry Come hither, England's hope. If secret powers, &c. p. 379, 1. 23. “Plato's Timous and his Atlanticus," i.e. his Critias, in which the feigned Atlantis is discoursed of. This seems to indicate that Bacon used the Latin translation of Plato by Cornarius, in which the Dialogue is entitled "Critias sive Atlanticus." - SINGER. ESSAY XXXVII. p. 388. "Of Masques and Triumphs." "Triumph" is a name often transferred by the early English writers to any stately shows and pageantries whatever, not restricted, as now, to those which celebrate a victory. See this Essay, passim.— TRENCH. Glos sary. Our daughter, In honor of whose birth these triumphs are, Again in Essay XLV. p. 438: Pericles, Prince of Tyre, II. 2. You cannot have a perfect palace except you have two several sides, the one for feats and triumphs, the other for dwelling. In triumphs of justs and tourneys and balls and masks (which they then called disguises) he was rather a princely and gentle spectator and seemed much delighted. — History of King Henry VII. Works, VI. 244. p. 388, 1. 5. “I understand it that the song be in quire, placed aloft and accompanied with some broken music." In Chappell's charming book," Popular Music of the Olden Time," I. 246, there is the following satisfactory note: "Broken music " means what we now term "a string band." Shakespeare plays with the term twice: firstly in "Troilus and Cressida," III. 1, proving that the musicians then on the stage were |