He was to have 3000 men harnessed for the war, over and above 700 soldiers, mariners, and gunners, that should be in the king's ship called the Regent.

Of which 18 were to be captains, 1750 soldiers, 1233 mariners and gunners.

The admiral, for the maintaining of himself, and his diets, wages, and rewards, daily, during the voyage, 10 shillings.

The captains 18d. except they be of the number of the king's spears, which shall be contented with their ordinary wages.

Soldiers, mariners, and gunners, 5 shillings per month for wages, and 5s. for vitayles without any thing else demanding for either, saving that they should have certain dead shares.

The admiral should receive three months pay for all in advance and at the same time 4s. for the coote of every captain and soldier and 1s. 8d. for the coote of every mariner and gunner.

The fleet was to be of 18 ships.

The Regent of 1000 tons, for which the admiral was to have 50 dead shares, and four pilots.

Sabyen

120

Nicholas of Hampton 200

Christopher Davy 160

And two crayers for revictualling and refreshing them. Every man to have 6d. a day conduyt money for the journey from his house to the port, accounting twelve miles a day's journey.

The king, forasmuch as he had victualled the said army and navy at his cost, to have one half of all manner of gains and winnings of the war, all prisoners being chieftains or having the king's adversaries power, and one ship royal being of the portage of 200 tons or above, with the ordinance and apparel

22

22

- 22

22

22

of every such prize, and all artillery that may be taken in any ship.-Rymer, xiii. 326-329.

Dudley, p. 226.

When the earl of Warwick, in 1549, was made great admiral of England, Ireland, Wales, Calais, Boulogne and the Marches, Normandy, Gascony, and Aquitaine, with all the "jurisdictiones, auctoritates, libertates, officia, feoda, proficua, vadia, emolumenta, wrecca maris, et maris ejectum, regarda, advantagia, commoditates, et præeminentias," belonging to the office, he was to have the goods and chattels of all traitors, pirates, homicides and felons, offending within his jurisdiction, and the goods debts, and chattels of all who aided and abetted them; as also "quorumcumque fugitivorum convictorum, attinctorum, dampnatorum, utlagatorum."

Necnon et bona waviata, flotezon, jetson, lagon, shares; Thesaurum inventum seu inveniendum, deodanda, ac bona inimicorum pro derelictis habita sive habenda, seu casu fortuito reperta aut reperienda, vel qualitercumque debita seu debenda, and all "casualia" between high and low water mark, and in all creeks, rivers, and ports.

Moreover anchoragia, beaconagia, et lastagia, and all royal fish, viz. sturgiones, balenas, cetas, porpetos, delphinos, regges, graspes, et generaliter cæteros pisces quoscumque magnam sive ingentam crassitudinem sive pinguedinem in se habentes, such by ancient right and customs belonging to the high admiral.

Moreover all fines, recognizances, &c. for things within his jurisdiction; a salary of 200 marks, and full power of hearing and deciding all causes, civil or criminal, within his cognizance, and all disputes between merchants and ship-owners; and of proceeding against regraters and forestallers, and of preserving the rivers, and ports, and fish, punishing those who used unlawful nets or other unlawful means in fishing. - Rymer, xv. 194-200.

Calais, p. 257.

Of what importance this place was deemed, may be seen by the opening of that very curious poem, "The Libel of English

The true process of English policie
Of utherward to keep this region

Of our Englond, (that no man may denie
Nor say of sooth but it is one of the best)

Is this; that who seeth South, North, East and West,
Cherish merchandise, keep the Admiraltie,
That we be masters of the narrow see.

For Sigismund the great emperour,

(Which yet reigneth) when he was in this lond,
With king Henry the fift, prince of honour,
Here much glory, as him thought, he found;
A mighty land which had taken in hand
To warre in France, and make mortality,
And ever well kept round about the sea.

And to the king thus he said: My brother,
(When he perceived two towns, Calys and Dover)
Of all your towns to chuse, of one and other
To keep the sea, and soon to come over
To warre outwards, and your reign to recover,
Keep these two towns sure, and your majestie,
As your tweyne eyne, so keep the narrow sea.

For if this sea be kept, in times of werre
Who can here pass without danger and woe?
Who can escape? who may mischief differre?
What marchandie may for by be agoe?
For needes him must take trewes every foe,
Flanders and Spain, and other trust, to me,
Of else hindred all for this Narrow Sea.

Hakluyt, i. 187.

Spanish Armada.

The reader may be amused at seeing in what manner an Italian Jesuit of the eighteenth century has represented the failure of this expedition. P. Nicolo Partenio Giannettasio makes no mention whatever of the English fleet !

Numerosa Tagi spatioso e flumine classis
Egreditur, Zephyrisque volat felicibus: illam
Divitiæ ingentes populorum, et regna Philippi
Conflarunt duodena super, simul Indus uterque
Argenti vim magnam, vim intulit auri magnam

NOTES.

Infecti, factique: virûm tot millia tanto
Sudarunt operi, atque insumptus plurimus annus.
Obstupuit Nereus innantes gurgite turres
Aspiciens: Cœlum num tantis viribus, inquit,
His petitur? Tellus etenim molimine tanto
Non sat digna: tamen populi, gentesque timete,
Perniciem in vestram magni si regis Iberi
Tot formidandæ vires, totque arma parantur.
Et jam vicini pariter, pariterque remoti
Perculsi reges animis, quas tantus in oras
Vertisset sese turbo. Primique rebelles

Et meritò Batavi, jamque ultima fata timebant :
Nec vacua ipsa metu tum Gallia: plurima belli
Causa aderat, ruptum fœdus, dataque hostibus arma.

At reliquos supra dira Elizabetha timebat;

379

Monstrum horrendum, eadem vir, fœmina, nobile scortum, Et virgo, et conjux : divina, humana sacerdos,

Et regina, suis vertique regique volebat

Sub manibus: Stygiis merito damnata Chymæra.
Et poterat tantis armorum viribus alta
Exturbari sede, simulque tyrannica tolli
Imperia, et fidei revocari ad jura Britanni,
Criminibus magnis populorum, Numina læsa

Ne contrà obstiterint. Neque enim tunc Anglia digna
Visa Deo: lachrymis necdum scelera alta piarat.
Sed gentis pro more, diù cunctante Magistro,
Seriùs oceani ad fines venêre Britanni
Velivolæ turres centum, centumque carinæ,
Et tormentorum numero, rostrisque timendæ :
Nam tempestates autumni tempore primo
Exortæ, rapidique egressi è carcere venti,
Vique fretum super effusi, rabieque furoreque
Ilicet horrendos egêre ad sidera fluctus.
Æther turbinibus, nigrescunt æquora ventis
Discissa, et cani montes volvuntur aquarum.
Quis vero Austriacæ classis queat ore referre
Luctificam visu faciem, miserandaq. fata?
Et tristes gemitus, lacrymasq. tenere fluentes
Torrentis de more? Videns tot gurgite Gaulos
Terribiles nuper, cœlo cervice minantes,
Et tot rostratas, auroque armisque nitentes
Fluctibus insanis jactari, et turbina cœco.
Totq. duces illustria nomina, totque magistros
Militiæ claros juvenesque ad prælia lectos
Imperio è toto, miseranda sorte perire :

Ceu plebem ignavam, nullo certamine, et armis

Depositis, ventis prædam et turgentibus undis.
Ipsi Tritones, insanaque Numina pcnti,

Glaucusque, Phorcusque, et nudus membra Palemon
Indignas flevere neces: flevere profundis
Mostæ Nereides, gemitusque dedêre sub antris.

Naumachica, 1. ii. p. 34.

END OF THE SECOND VOLUME.

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