on this weavers were at work, and Mr. Hewson was printing muslin. The weavers marched behind this, and bore a flag of silk.

16. Robinson's company of light infantry.

17. The Marine Society, carrying a flag, trumpets, spy-glasses, &c. They preceded the Federal Ship Union. This elegant, small ship was a spectacle of great interest: she was perfect in every respect, and finely decorated with carvings, gildings, &c. Such a ship, completed in less than four days, was a very surprising circumstance. She was thirty-three feet in length, had been the barge of the Alliance frigate, and had been captured by Paul Jones, as the barge of the Serapis. This ship was commanded by Captain John Green, and had a crew of twenty-five men and officers. They flung the lead, and cried the soundings, and trimmed the sails to the wind as they changed their courses. She was drawn by ten horses, and under her bottom painted canvass, representing the sea, hung over and concealed the wheels of the carriage; another vessel followed her as a pilot, and followed by all the pilots.

18. A frame drawn by four horses, eighteen feet long, contained the frame of the Union's barge, and men at work at the same. The boatbuilders followed, with a flag.

19. The sailmakers, bearing a silk flag, on which was painted the inside of a sail-loft.

20. The ship-carpenters their silk flag representing a ship on the stocks.

To shorten this article, 1 briefly state, that the following professions, decorated and bearing emblematic flags, succeeded, to wit: Shipjoiners, ropemakers, merchants and traders-one carrying a ledger; cordwainers had a shop, drawn by four horses, and six men in it at work; coachpainters, cabinet and chairmakers, brickmakers, painters, draymen, clock and watchmakers, bricklayers, tailors, carvers and gilders-these had an elegant car, and men therein at work; coopers, planemakers, whip and canemakers-these had a carriage, and lads at work therein; blacksmiths had a shop, drawn by nine horses, and men therein at work, making plough-irons out of old swords; coachmakers had a shop, drawn by four horses, and men at work therein; potters-a shop and men at work; hatters, wheelwrights, had a stage and men at work; tinplate workers, glovers, tallowchandlers, victuallers with two fat oxen; printers and bookbinders had a stage, and executed printing, and cast out an ode among the people. Ten of these odes to the States, were despatched by carrier pigeons, which issued from the Mercury cap worn by the printer, habited as Mercury. Fourteen different trades then followed; then lawyers, physicians, clergy, and a troop of dragoons, concluded the whole.

I have in my possession, from the papers of the late Tench Fian

I had the pleasure to see this ship lying at anchor, in the Schuylkill, at Gray's ferry, where she was long preserved as an attraction to that celebrated garden and inn, and was at last sunk, in deep water, off the mouth of Mayland's creek, a little above the ferry.

cis, Esq., the bills and expenses of the procession and entertainment from which I select the following items, to wit: Federal car cost £37; triumphal car, £15; six awnings, or tents, cost £3 10s. to £4, severally; seven thousand feet of scantling, for frames-putting up booths, 32; Indian plate ornaments, 9; six musicians, b 15s.; one hundred rockets used on board the Rising Sun, in the Delaware, £12 10s.; sixteen flags, £25; materials for the Federal ship, £55 7s.—workmanship gratis. For the good cheer of the multitude at Bush-hill, to which the procession went, there were provided-four thousand pounds of beef, at 4d. and 5d.; two thousand six hundred pounds of gammon, at 6d. ; thirty barrels of flour, at 31s., and baking the same, at 7s. 6d. ; five hundred pounds of cheese, at 6d.; 13 hogsheads of cider, at 60s., and one hundred barrels of strong beer, at 30s. No spirituous liquors were furnished, and the whole expense was defrayed by private subscription-all this to show the joy of the public at a settled constitution, produced amicably, after the toils and expenses of a long and ruinous war for liberty and selfgovernment.

F. Hopkinson, Esq., has preserved, in his works, a minute detail of all these things, he having been much engaged in the direction of the same. Similar processions were had in New York, Boston, and other cities.

The following song has been attributed to Dr. Franklin. It is said he wrote it for the Procession of Trades in Philadelphia, at the adoption of the constitution, on which occasion a press was drawn along the streets, and copies of it distributed to the multitude.

YE merry Mechanics, come join in my song,
And let the brisk chorus go bounding along;

Though some may be poor, and some rich there may be,
Yet all are contented, and happy, and free.

Ye Tailors! of ancient and noble renown,
Who clothe all the people in country or town,
Remember that Adam, your father and head,
The lord of the world, was a tailor by trade.

Ye Masons! who work in stone, mortar, and brick,
And lay the foundation deep, solid, and thick,
Though hard be your labour, yet lasting your fame;
Both Egypt and China your wonders proclaim.

Ye Smiths! who forge tools for all trades here below,

You have nothing to fear while you smite and you blow;
All things may you conquer, so happy your lot,
If you're careful to strike while your iron is hot.

Ye Shoemakers! noble from ages long past,

Have defended your rights with your all to the last.
And Cobblers, all merry, not only stop holes,
But work night and day for the good of our soles,

VOL. II.-2 T

Ye Cabinetmakers! brave workers in wood,
As you work for the ladies, your work must be good
And Joiners and Carpenters, far off and near,

Stick close to your trades, and you've nothing to fear

Ye Hatters! who oft with hands not very fair,
Fix hats on a block for a blockhead to wear;
Though charity covers a sin now and then,
You cover the heads and the sins of all men.

Ye, Coachmakers, must not by tax be controll'd,
But ship off your coaches, and fetch us home gold;
The roll of your coach made Copernicus reel,
And fancy the world to turn round like a wheel.

And Carders, and Spinners, and Weavers attend,
And take the advice of Poor Richard, your friend;
Stick close to your looms, your wheels, and your card,
And you never need fear of the times being hard.

Ye Printers! who give us our learning and news,
And impartially print for Turks, Christians, and Jews,
Let your favourite toasts ever bound in the streets,
The freedom of speech and a volume in sheets.

Ye Coopers! who rattle with drivers and adze,
A lecture each day upon hoops and on heads,
The famous old ballad of Love in a Tub,
You may sing to the tune of your rub a dub.

Ye Shipbuilders! Riggers! and Makers of sails!
Already the new constitution prevails!

And soon you shall see o'er the proud swelling tide,
The ships of Columbia triumphantly ride.

Each Tradesman turn out with his tools in his hand,
To cherish the arts and keep peace through the land:
Each 'Prentice and Journeyman join in my song,
And let the brisk chorus go bounding along.

SEASONS AND CLIMATE.

"I sing the varying seasons and their change."

It is intended to include in the present chapter only such notable changes of the temperature in the extremes of heat and cold, as was matter of surprise or remark at the time of the occurrence, and therefore most likely to arrest our attention in the present day—as a wonder of the past!

As early as the year 1683, William Penn, in his letter to Lord North, of 24th 5th month, says "The weather often changeth without notice, and is constant almost in its inconstancy!" Thus giving us, at a very slender acquaintance, the name of a coquettish clime!

An old-fashioned snow storm, such as we had lately on the 20th and 21st of February, 1829, is the best thing in our country to bring to recollection olden time, when our fathers browbeat larger snowdrifts than have encumbered our fields and roads since honesty and leather aprons were in vogue! It is cheering to see the towering bank, in a sunny morning, gemmed, like the crown of a monarch, with jewels that receive their splendour from the sun's rays, and reflect them back to ornament the cold white hillock which the clouds have bestowed upon us, to awaken recollections dear, and sensations as cutting as the winter. It tells you of log fires which cheered them in the wilderness, and warmed the pottage which gave them the very hue of health. In short, as said the Literary Cadet, "a snow-storm in its severest form is a mirror, to reflect back olden time, in all its colouring, to the present!" Nor is it less grateful as a winter scene, to behold the occasional magnificent effulgence of an ice-rain, embossing in crystal glory, as if by magic hands, the whole surface of the surrounding works of nature and art.

"For every shrub and every blade of grass,
And every pointed thorn, seems wrought in glass;
In pearls and rubies rich the hawthorns show,
While through the ice the crimson berries glow.

The spreading oak, the beech and towering pine,
Glazed over, in the freezing ether shine-
The frighted birds the rattling branches shun,
That wave and glitter in the glowing sun.”

It is probable that the winter of 1682, being the first which Penn saw here, must have been peculiarly mild, for he says he scarcely saw any ice at all, and in the next year, the winter of 1683, which he calls the severest before known, froze up for a few days our great river Delaware! He must certainly have been too favour

ably impressed by wrong information, for often the river has continued ice-bound for three months at a time. It was, however, grateful intelligence to the colonists then, and must have been a most welcome incident, ill-sheltered as they were, to have such favourable winters.

In his letter of August, 1683, to the Free Society of Traders, he thus speaks of the climate, to wit: "I have lived over the hottest and coldest seasons of the year that the oldest inhabitants remember. From the 24th of October to the beginning of December he found it like an English mild spring. From December to the beginning of March they had sharp frosts with a clear sky as in summer, and the air dry, cold and piercing. This cold is caused by the great lakes that are fed by the fountains of Canada. The air, already sweet and clear, rarely overcast, will refine as the woods are cleared off." Thus the reason of our former colder winters was then well understood. He has another shrewd remark:-" It is rare to want a north-wester; and whatever mists, fogs or vapours foul the heavens by easterly or southerly winds, in two hours time are blown away, the one is followed by the other-a remedy that seems to have a peculiar providence in it. The winter before this (last) was mild. From March to June they enjoyed a sweet spring, with gentle showers and a fine sky. From June to August, which endeth the summer, they had extraordinary heats."

Thomas Makin's Latin description of Pennsylvania, thus describes our climate as he knew it down to the year 1729, to wit:

"Nay, oft so quick the change,-so great its pow'r-
As summer's heat and winter in an hour!"

"Sometimes the ice so strong and firm, we know
That loaded wagons on the river go!

But yet so temp'rate are some winters here,
That in the streams no bars of ice appear!"

Professor Kalm, the Swedish traveller, who visited us in 1748-9, has left several facts descriptive of our climate, which he derived from the aged Swedes and by his own observation, to wit:

It snowed much more formerly in winter than in the time of 1748. The weather then was more constant and uniform, and when the cold set in it continued to the end of February or till March, old style; after which it commonly began to grow warm. But in 1748, and thereabouts, it would be warm even the very next day after a severe cold-and sometimes the weather would change several times a day! Most of the old people told Mr. Kalm that spring came much later than formerly, and that it was much colder in the latter end of February and the whole month of May, than when they were young. Formerly the fields were as green and the air as warm about the end of February, as it was then in March or the beginning of April, old style. Their proverb then was "We have always grass at Easter."