ANORTHITE. 18 ANHYDROUS SULPHATES. gravity. By absorbing water, which it does | which it is a result. It is soft, and has a very slowly, it becomes changed to Gypsum, greenish-white streak, and an uneven or At Bex extensive beds are altered in this earthy fracture. H 2.5 to 3. G. 3-078 to manner, but by digging to a depth of 60 to. 3.131. 100 feet, the Anhydrite is found unaltered. See also GEKROSSTEIN, MURIACITE, VULPI ANHYDROUS SULPHATE OF SODA AND LIME, Cleaveland. See GLAUBERITE. ANKERITE, Dana, Nicol, Phillips, Haidinger, Greg & Lettsom. A crystallized variety of Dolomite, containing a large proportion of iron. Hexagonal. Yellowish, or reddish-white; becoming brown on exposure. Translucent at the edges. Lustre vitreous, inclining to pearly. Brittle. Fracture uneven. I. 3.5 to 4. S.G. 2.95 to 3.1. Comp. Ca C+ (Fe, Mg, Mn) C. Analysis by Berthier, from Gollrath: Comp. Ni3 Äs+8H=oxide of nickel 37.59, arsenic acid 3841, water 24:00= 100. ANORTHITE, Rose, Dana. Anorthic. Primary form an oblique rhombic prism. curs in white translucent or transparent crystals, with a vitreous lustre inclining to pearly on the planes of cleavage. Streak white. Fracture conchoidal, H. 6 to 7. S.G. 2.66 to 2.78. 51.1 BB becomes black and magnetic; with borax gives the colour of iron; with soda gives indications of manganese. Dissolves with effervescence in nitric acid. Localities. Near Torness, in the Orkneys, massive and in curved crystals, in amygdaJoid; Golrath, Eisenerz, and the Nieder Alp in Styria, with Siderite; Rathhausberg, in the valley of Gastein, in Salzburg, in micaslate. See also ROHWAND. Name. After Prof. Anker, of Grätz. ANNABERGITE, Dana, Haidinger. Oblique. Occurs in capillary crystals of a fine apple-green colour, adhering to, or coating, Arsenical Nickel, of the decomposition of ANTHOPHYLLITE. BB like Felspar, except that with carbonate of soda, in every proportion, it yields a white enamel, never a transparent glass. Is entirely decomposed by muriatic acid. Localities.-Irish. Carlingford Mountain, co. Down, with Hornblende and syenite, in greenstone dykes, traversing limestone. Foreign.-Principally at Vesuvius, among the old lavas of Monte Somma, generally occupying the cavities of chloritic masses, and associated with Ice-spar, Augite, Mica, and Idocrase; Island of Procida; Faroë Islands; Java; the Konchêkowskoi Kamen in the Ural. Anorthite may be distinguished from all the zeolites, as well as from Nepheline and Leucite, by its infusibility before the blowpipe; from Topaz by inferior hardness and specific gravity; and from Chrysolite by lower degrees of specific gravity. Nitric acid has no effect on Chondodrite, while Anorthite is partly dissolved in it; the former, too, is always yellow or brownishyellow, the latter is invariably white. Name From voglas, oblique. ANORTHITIC MELANE ORE, Haidinger. See ALLANITE. ANORTHOTOMOUS FELSPAR, Mohs. See ANORTHITE. ANTHOPHYLLITE, Phillips. A variety of Hornblende (Tremolite) occurring in masses consisting of acicular fibres, which are often disposed in a radiating form. It has a grey or clove-brown colour, with an occasional blue tinge and a glistening, pearly, pseudometallic lustre. Translucent at the edges. H. 5 to 5.5. S.G. 2.94 to 3.16. Comp. Fe Si + Mg3 Si=protoxide of iron 15.5, magnesia 25 9, silica 58.6=100. Analysis by Thomson, from Perth in Canada E.: M. P. G. Horse-shoe Case, 1007. ANTHOSIDERITE, Dana, Hausmann, Nicol. A mineral resembling Cacoxene, occurring in fine fibrous, flower-like aggregates, of an ochreous-yellow, and yellowish-brown colour. Opaque or slightly subtranslucent. Lustre silky. Tough. Gives sparks with steel. H. 65. S.G. 3.6. Comp. Fe 3+ H=silica 604, peroxide of iron 35.6, water 4.0=100.0. BB becomes reddish-brown, then black, and fuses with difficulty to a black, magnetic slag. Soluble in muriatic acid. Locality. Minas Geraes in Brazil, associated with Magnetic Iron. Name. From avtos, a flower, and ridges, iron; in allusion to its occurrence in fibrous tufts, which are sometimes aggregated into feathery flowers. Brit. Mus., Case 14. Coke left by the Coal 92.9 per cent. This variety of Coal is not easily ignited but when burning it gives out an intense heat, unaccompanied by smoke, and with little flame. It occurs in Carmarthenshire and Pembrokeshire in S. Wales; Bide ford in Devon; Binney Craig, Linlithgowshire; Kilkenny, in Ireland; largely in Pennsylvania, U.S., &c. Brit. Mus., Case M. P. G. Upper Gallery, Wall-case 41, No. 164. See also COAL ANTHRACONITE. Limestone, which emits * Report on the Coal suited to the Steam Navy, by Sir H. T. De la Beche and Dr. Lyon Playfair. a fetid odour when scraped or struck with a | hammer, owing, probably, to its containing sulphuretted hydrogen. It occurs columnar, granular, and compact, of various shades of grey, brown and black. The harder varieties, which take a good polish, are used for chimney-pieces, and in ornamental architecture. It is found in Sweden, Carinthia, &c.; also, in the mountain limestone on the banks of the Avon, near Clifton; and near Castleton and Matlock in Derbyshire. Most of the Purbeck and Portland Limestones of Dorsetshire Wiltshire belong to this class, and may be recognised when used for mending the roads, by the strong fetid odour they give out when crushed by the passage of heavy vehicles. See also SWINESTONE. Brit. Mus., Case 46. and M.P.G. Upper Gallery, Wall-case, 43. ANTHRACOXENE. A mineral resin of a brownish-black colour from the coal-beds of Brandeisl, in Bohemia. In thin splinters it is hyacinth-red. H. 25. S.G. 1-181. It melts easily with intumescence and burns to a slag, giving off much smoke and an odour which is not disagreeable. It is partly soluble in ether, but not at all so in alcohol, except after exposure, when it absorbs oxygen, and then alcohol takes up a little of it. ANTIEDRIT, Breithaupt. See EDINGTONITE. ANTIGORITE, Schweizer. Rhombic. Occurs in foliated masses of a brownish-green colour by reflected light, and leek-green by transmitted light. Transparent in thin laminæ. Lustre weak, Streak white. Feel smooth but not greasy. H. 2.5. S.G. 2.6. Comp. Hydrated silicate of magnesia, Mg4 Si2 + H, or more correctly (Mg5 Fe) Sï3 ANTIMONIAL NICKEL. according to Stockar-Escher, alumina replaces the silica. ANTIMOINE BLANC, Brochant. See VALENTINITE. ANTIMOINE GRIS, Brochant. Grey Antimony. See STIBNITE. ANTIMOINE HYDRO-SULFURÉ, Haüy. See KERMESITE. ANTIMOINE MURIATIQUE, La Metherie. See VALENTINITE. ANTIMOINE NATIF, Haüy. See NATIVE ANTIMONY. ANTIMOINE OXIDÉ, Haüy. See VALENTINITE. ANTIMOINE OXIDÉ SULFURÉ, Haüy. See KERMESITE. ANTIMOINE OXIDÉ TERREUX, Hay. See STIBICONISE. ANTIMOINE ROUGE, Brochant. See KER MESITE. ANTIMOINE SULFURÉ, Haiy. See STIBNITE. ANTIMOINE SULFURÉ CAPILLAIRE, Haüy. A fibrous variety of Stibnite, occasionally presenting a plumose, woolly, or felt-like appearance. ANTIMOINE SULFURÉ NICKELIFÈRE, Haüy. See ULLMANNITE. ANTIMOINE SULFURÉ PLOMBIFÈRE. See ZINKENITE. ANTIMOINE SULFURE PLUMBO-CUPRIFÈRE, Haüy. See BOURNONITE. ANTIMON-ARSEN, Naumann. See ARSENICAL ANTIMONY. ANTIMONATE OF LEAD. See BLEINIERITE. ANTIMONBLENDE, v. Leonhard. See KER MESITE. ANTIMONBLÜTHE, v. Leonhard. See VA LENTINITE. ANTIMONIAL NICKEL. ANTIMONIAL NICKEL See BREITHAUP TITE. ANTIMONIAL OCHRE, Phillips. Occurs in earthy masses, and as a pulverulent crust; also in pseudomorphs after Stibnite. Colour yellow, yellowish grey, or brownish opaque. Dull. Streak grey or yellowish-white and glistening. Soft and friable. Fracture uneven or earthy. S.G. 37 to 3.8. Comp. Probably antimonious acid or Sb with water. BB does not fuse, but forms a slight stain on the charcoal: with soda is reduced. Localities. Associated with Stibnite and other ores of antimony at Bruck in Rhenish Prussia, Nassau, Wolfsberg in the Harz, Kremnitz in Hungary, Saxony, Gallicia in Spain, France &c. Brit. Mus., Case 38. ANTIMONIAL SILVER, Jameson, Phillips. See DISCRASITE. ANTIMONIAL SILVER BLENDE, Naumann. See PYRARGYRITE. ANTIMONIAL SULPHIDE OF IRON. See BERTHIERITE. ANTIMONIATED NATIVE SILVER, Kirwan. See DISCRASITE. BB melts quietly to a white enamel. APATELITE. Meillet. A mineral re ANTIMONIAL SULPHURET OF SILVER.sembling Copiapite, occurring in small fri See PYRARGYRITE & FREISLEBENITE. ANTIMONIATE OF LEAD. See BLEINIE able nodules of a clear yellow colour, disseminated in an argillaceous bed connected with the Plastic Clay, at Meudon and Auteuil, in France. 22 APATITE. perfectly free from fluorine and contained APHRIZITE. variable quantities of chloride of calcium. In Spain, at Logrosan in Estremadura, the massive varieties are used for building-stone. Losacio, province of Zamora, near Portugal. especially in those containing tin veins and Apatite usually occurs in crystalline rocks, iron ore: it is also found in granular limestone, and sometimes in serpentine. and the lateral edges are sometimes re- Comp. 3 Ca3Ï + Ca (Cl, F) = phosphoric acid 42-26, lime 50.0, fluorine 3.77, calcium 3.97; or phosphate of lime 92.26 and fluoride of calcium 774, with part of the fluoride sometimes replaced by chloride. Analysis by G. Rose, from Cabo de Gata, Spain: S.G. 3.235. Phosphate of lime 92.066 0.885 7.049 100.000 BB fusible with difficulty on thin edges: with borax forms a clear globule, and in salt of phosphorus dissolves in great quantity, affording a transparent glass, which when nearly saturated becomes opaque on cooling, and presents crystalline faces. Some varieties are phosphorescent when placed on ignited charcoal, and before the blowpipe. Localities.-English. Cornwall, of a greyish blue at Stenna Gwynn near St. Austell; St. Michael's Mount; Huel Kind, near St. Agnes; Fowey Consols and Huel Franco (Francolite), near Tavistock. Cumberland at the foot of Brandygill, Carrock Fells, of the form of figs. 22 and 23. Devonshire at Bovey Tracey, in crystals sometimes two inches long, associated with black Tourmaline.-Scotch. Dee side in Aberdeenshire. Irish. Near Kilroot, co. Antrim, in granite; near Hilltown, Dublin; and at Killiney Hill, in limestone.-Foreign. Ehrenfriedersdorf and Schneeberg in Saxony; Schlackenwald in Bohemia, Pfitsch-Thal in Tyrol, St. Gotthard in Switzerland, Krageröe and Snarum in Norway, and (according to Nordenskiöld) in Bucharia in Asia, in crystals of a blue colour, (Lazur-apatite) associated with Lapis Lazuli. An hexagonal prism of a pale amethyst colour, in the Brit. Mus. (Case 57 B.). said to be from the neighbourhood of St. Petersburg, was purchased by Mr. Greville for 781. states that all the specimens of Apatite Professor Voelcker which he obtained from Krageröe, were The name, derived from árásaw (to dener, in consequence of the fallacious resemblance it bears to other minerals. varieties, see ASPARAGUS STONE, MOROXITE and PHOSPHORITE. Brit. Mus., Case 57 B. For 317: Wall Case, 25. meteorites, which have been named by APHANÈSE, Beudant. A name for Clinoclase; from çαvs, unmanifest; in allusion to the extremely minute crystals in which it occurs. APHÉRÈSE, Beudant. See LIBETHENITE. its being only a variety of an already From qaigos, subtraction; in allusion to recognised species. bonate of lime, differing from Schiefer-spar APHRITE, Phillips, is a nearly pure carin being less coherent. It has a very pale yellowish, nearly silver-white colour, sometimes approaching to greyish-white. Occurs massive and disseminated, sometimes solid, composed of fine scaly particles, with a more often in a loose or friable state, and shining lustre intermediate between semimetallic and pearly. It is opaque and very soft. It is usually found in veins or cavities in limestone rocks. It occurs in Hessia, and in the neighbourhood of Gera, in the forest of Thuringia. Brit. Mus., Case 46. Dufrénoy. |