(John's son ?) and Joseph Calkin, book- His father Chauncy Townsend was a sellers to the King, to build the house 118 (which has always been so numbered). It is therefore not without its irony that the house of Budd, imprisoned in 1810 in the name of the Army, should fall into the hands of an Army club a century later. I may note that the firm, on moving to 118, Pall Mall, became Calkin & Budd-names that seem to come straight out of Dickens. These booksellers were followed during the fifties by the St. George Life and Title Assurance Company, which in turn was succeeded in 1863 by the old firm of wine merchants, Christopher & Co. It started in Mile End and was long established in Great Coram Street: it has now moved to 43, Pall Mall. It would not be of sufficient interest to detail all the tenants of No. 118, but, as a wide generalization, I may note the dominance of War, in the shape of old officers like General G. Tito Brice, C.B., and General Sir George Young, K.C.B. (d. 1911); and Peace, in the shape of the India Association, with which Mr. William Irving Hare (b. 1821), who had offices in the house for forty-four years, was connected, and the Waldensian Missions, for which Col. Martin Frobisher held offices here for thirty-four years. Messrs. Henry & Sons, of Martini-Henry fame, also had offices for fifteen years; and Lieut.-Col. William Henry Lockett Hime, R.A., the many-sided historian of the Royal Artillery, previously occupied the same chambers as the present writer, who, though a mere civilian, has spent many years on planning a biographical dictionary of all Gordons who have borne commissions under the title of 'The Gordons under Arms, to be issued by the New Spalding Club, Aberdeen. Messrs. Watson, Lyall & Co., the Scots estates agents, had offices here for many years, and have now moved up the street. The house was formally evacuated on 31 Dec., 1911. 123, Pall Mall, S. W. J. M. BULLOCH. JAMES TOWNSEND, M.P. JAMES TOWNSEND (1737-87), another City alderman and Whig politician, was, like Trecothick (see 11 S. iii. 330), a Wilkite, but no friend of Wilkes. He represented in City life the views of Lord Shelburne, afterwards the Marquess of Lansdowne, with whom he was connected in sentiment from about 1760 (Fitzmaurice, Shelburne,' ii. 287-92; 'Bentham's Works,' x. 101). "considerable merchant in Austin Friars," and a member of the Mercers' Company, having been admitted to the freedom in 1730, after apprenticeship to Richard Chauncy. He was put on the Livery on 14 July, 1738, and was called to the Court of Assistants on 15 March, 1754. From 1747 to 1768 he was member of Parliament for Westbury in Wiltshire; and from December, 1768, to his death he represented the Wigtown Burghs. George Augustus Selwyn had been returned for the latter at the general election, but he preferred to represent the city of Gloucester, and Townsend is said to have been the first Englishman who sat in Parliament for a constituency in Scotland. Unlike his son, he supported the Court. His wife was Bridget, daughter of James Phipps, Governor of Cape Coast Castle. She died on 17 January, 1762; he survived until 28 March, 1770 (Horace Walpole, Memoirs of George III.,' ed. 1894, iii. 112). James Townsend was baptized at St. Christopher le Stocks, London, on 8 February, 1736/7. On 22 March, 1756, when his age was given as eighteen, he matriculated from Hertford College, Oxford, but did not proceed to a degree. He entered upon public life as member for the Cornish borough of West Looe in July, 1767, and represented that constituency until 1774. It was then under the control of the Trelawny family. Townsend lost no time in taking a conspicuous position in the strife over the representation of Middlesex. He was much excited about the riot at the election for that county in December, 1768, and he joined with John Sawbridge, another City politician of marked characteristics and advanced politics, in nominating Wilkes when he was re-elected for Middlesex on 16 February, 1769. In 1769 he was admitted by patrimony to the freedom of the Mercers' Company. On 23 June in that year he was elected Alderman of Bishopsgate Ward, was sworn in office on 4 July, and continued in that position until his death. He and his friend Sawbridge became Sheriffs of London and Middlesex on 24 June. An account by Burke of the meeting at which they were elected is given in Lord Albemarle's Life of Lord Rockingham,' ii. 95101. The two Sheriffs united in resisting for a time the royal warrant for the execution of two rioters at the "most convenient place near Bethnal-green church," instead of the usual place, Tyburn (Gent. Mag., xxxix. 611; xl. 23). These years were spent by Townsend in a tornado of politics. He was one of the deputation from the City that presented the remonstrance to George III. (14 March, 1770). Two letters written by him in May, 1770, and one from Lord Chatham in reply, are printed in the Chatham Correspondence,' iii. 458-61. They bear witness to the authenticity of Beckford's speech to the King. In a speech in the House of Commons on 25 March, 1771, Townsend made a strong attack on the influence of the Princess of Wales upon the Government, and in that year he refused, on the ground of the misrepresentation of the constituency of Middlesex, to pay the land tax. His goods were consequently distrained upon to the amount of 2001. (October, 1771), and an action which he brought in the Court of King's Bench on 9 June, 1772, against the collector of the tax was unsuccessful, Lord Mansfield showing his usual timidity during the case, but obtaining from the jury a verdict against him (Gent. Mag., xli. 517, xlii. 291; 'Letters of Junius,' ed. 1812, iii. 264-8). 66 Townsend disliked the character of Wilkes so much that he was determined not to have any connexion or intercourse with him," but he helped in the payment of Jack's debts (Percy Fitzgerald, Wilkes,' ii. 89, 109, 206-12). A fierce struggle for the Lord Mayorship took place in November, 1772. With the desire of keeping out Wilkes, two aldermen were nominated in support of the government. He and Townsend stood in the popular cause and had a great majority of the votes, Wilkes polling twenty-three more than his coadjutor. The majority of the aldermen were not friendly to the demagogue, and through the intrigues of another Whig alderman, Richard Oliver, the Court of Aldermen named Townsend for the office. Wilkes was furious and on the night of Lord Mayor's Day an angry mob attacked the Guildhall in his interest. In his revenge Wilkes drew up a remonstrance, couched in the most violent terms, against the Middlesex election, and forced the unwilling Townsend to present it to the King, although it was known that the action would meet with general disapproval. Townsend's portrait as Lord Mayor was painted by Sir Joshua Reynolds in March, 1773. His wife as Lady Mayoress also sat to Reynolds (Graves and Cronin, iv. 1480, M.M.). On 22 February, 1773, Townsend succeeded in passing through the Court of Aldermen a motion for short Parliaments, and at the close of his year of office he received the thanks of the City for his conduct in the chair. His friends said that he was zealous and firm as the chief magistrate; some of his opponents accused him of "brutality and haughtiness." Special allusion was made to his services on behalf of the police. The Bill which he suggested for the government of the cities of London and Westminster provided that the magistrates should not be nominated by the Crown, but elected by the inhabitant householders. In October, 1773, Wilkes was again disappointed over the Lord Mayoralty. By Townsend's casting vote another alderman, Frederick Bull, was preferred to him. Next year he was duly elected to the coveted chair by eleven votes to two, the dissentients being Townsend and Óliver (Walpole Journals of Reign of Geo. III., 1771-83,' i. 117-18, 124-6, 163-4, 184-5, 262, 420-22). In return for a long unanimity of action Townsend was in 1774 the chief supporter of Oliver for the representation of the City. 66 to Townsend was an original member of the society for supporting the Bill of Rights. He was on intimate terms with Horne Tooke, and they worked together in politics. Four of the friends of Tooke on his resigning his orders in the Church with a view to going to the Bar agreed to enter into a bond for allowing him, until he could be called, the sum of 100l. a year apiece. Two out of the four were Sawbridge and Townsend (Stephens, John Horne Tooke,' i. 163, 418; ii. 284-5). Tooke dedicated his solitary sermon Townsend, eulogizing him for his exertions for Wilkes, a much injured and oppressed individual," and lauding his "noble motives." On the elevation of John Dunning to the peerage, Lord Shelburne, the patron of the borough of Calne, nominated Townsend (5 April, 1782) as its representative in Parliament, and he continued its member until his death. While in Parliament he lived during the session at Shelburne House, and met within its walls many distinguished persons. His name and that of his brother Joseph Townsend, the Rector of Pewsey, frequently occur in the correspondence of the Abbé Morellet with Shelburne. The Abbé refers to his " grande chaleur," and there is a general agreement that he was violent in temper. He was resolute and determined, very tenacious of his promise, and his speeches in the House of Commonsthe substance of many of them will be found in the debates of Sir Henry Cavendish— were full of animation, and marked by "great natural eloquence." It is said that a highway robbery having been committed in the neighbourhood of Tottenham, he and The unwitnessed will of Townsend, then a friend disguised themselves and apprehended the culprit. The man was naturally much surprised to find that his captors were gentlemen of recognized position. One of his peculiarities was that he would travel from one end of the kingdom to the other without a servant and with a small change of linen in a leathern trunk behind the saddle " (Beloe, Sexagenarian,' ii. 20-24). Still acting with Lord Shelburne, he supported Pitt against Fox. He was spokesman for the City (28 February, 1784) on the presentation to Pitt of the resolutions of the Court of Common Council against his rival. But his active days were past. A cold brought on fever, and he died at Bruce Castle, Tottenham (a property which he had acquired through his wife), on 1 July, 1787. He was buried in the Coleraine burying-place adjoining the parish church of Tottenham, a passage being broken through the wall of his garden, and only his servants attending. This is said to have been the ancient custom on the death of the owner of that estate. 66 described as of Conduit Street, Middlesex, Townsend during his lifetime divided the The son, Henry Hare Townsend, sold the For the dates relating to the Mercers' Townsend married at St. George's, Hanover Square, on 3 May, 1763, Henrietta Rosa Peregrina du Plessis, only child of Henry Hare, third and last Lord Coleraine, by Rose du Plessis (d. 30 March, 1790). She was born at Crema in Italy, 12 September, 1745, and baptized at St. Mary's Church, Colchester, on 13 December, 1748, a long entry being inserted in the parish register in explanation of the desertion of Lord Coleraine by his lawful wife, and of his union in 1740 with Mlle. du Plessis. At his death at Bath on 4 August, 1749, the peer left his estates to this child. She, being an alien, could not take them; the will, being legally made, barred his heirs at law; so that the estates escheated to the Crown" (Nichols's Lit. Anecdotes,' v. 349-51; Gent. Mag., 1787, part ii. 640-41, 738). Through the influence of Henry Fox, Lord Holland, and the senior Townsend, a grant of them was made by the Crown to Mr. and Mrs. James Townsend, and confirmed by Act of Parliament (See 11 S. i. 402, 465; ii. 323; iii. 64, 426; (3 George III., 1763, iv. 1764). Horace Walpole met the Townsends at dinner at Lord Shelburne's in October, 1773, when he described the wife as "a bouncing dame with a coal-black wig, and a face coal-red " ('Letters,' ed. Toynbee, viii. 347). She died on 8 November, 1785, leaving issue one daughter and one son, Henry Hare Townsend, who was at the University of Cambridge in 1787. She too was buried privately at Tottenham Old Church. SIGNS OF OLD LONDON. iv. 226.) THE list of signs presented hereunder is Sword and Buckler, St. George's-in-the-Fields. Rose, West Smithfield. Three Crowns, Allhallows, Lombard Street. Sepulchre. Anchor and Serpent, Royal Exchange. Chequers, Charing Cross. Prince's Arms, Goswell Street. Vine, Kent Street, Southwark. Black Boy, West Smithfield. Purchasers of the book will be glad of the and I have no intention of reissuing the memoir when this edition is exhausted, the record of the mistakes may be useful at some future date. (1) The name of Constantine E. Prichard Hare and Bottle, St. Agnes, Aldersgate Street [sic]. is throughout the book printed Pritchard. Dolphin, Ludgate Hill. Mitre, Fish Street. Boar's Head, Southwark. Red Bull, St. John Street, Clerkenwell. Street. Hart's Horn (brewhouse), in the parish of St. Katherine. Red Lion, Whitechapel Street. Bull's Head Tavern, Allhallows, Barking (?). He spelt his name without the t. (2) On p. xci it is stated that Father Ignatius was at Llanthony when Dolben was at Boughrood. This is an error. Father Ignatius was at Claydon, and did not go to Llanthony till after Dolben had left Boughrood. This satisfactorily accounts for there Green Dragon, Fowl Lane, St. Saviour's, South-being no mention of their meeting at that wark. Horn Tavern, Fleet Street. Mermaid, St. Mary-at-Hill. time. ROBERT BRIDGES. A DICKENS TOY-BOOK. My mother used to tell me about a quaint little book which was given to her in her childhood Swan, Long Lane, West Smithfield, parish of by the family doctor. It was bound in St. Sepulchre. Walnut Tree, St. Olave, Southwark. King's Head, Cheapside. Hart's Horn, Silver Street, Edmonton. mew the Great. Star, Candlewick Street. Queen's Head, Fleet Street, parish of St. Dun stan's-in-the-West. Green Dragon, St. Martin's, Ludgate. Crown, West Smithfield. White Swan, St. Nicholas Cole Abbey. Symond's Inn, Chancery Lane. King's Head, Wapping. Bear, Cateaton Street. Ship, St. Botolph without Aldgate. Black Bull, St. Saviour's, Southwark. Three Tuns Tavern, St. Mary-at-Hill. Green Dragon, Tuttle Street, Westminster. Nag's Head, Wapping Wall, Stepney. Pewter Pot, Leadenhall Street. King's Head Tavern, Wapping. King's Head and Bell House [sic], Gracechurch In this instance the proceedings are listed in rough alphabetical order of plaintiffs' names within the period, consequently the signs do not follow chronology, as in most of my other lists. WILLIAM MCMURRAY. DOLBEN'S POEMS.-May I ask you to allow me to make use of your columns to correct two mistakes in my memoir of Digby Mackworth Dolben, which accompanies the edition of his poems reviewed in the Literary Supplement of The Times of 21 December last? We'll take much care That you don't run away. Next there was Noah Claypole :- I'll run away! I'll go to-night! 'Tis very cold! The moon shines bright! This was evidently Smike's second (and successful) attempt at escape, after Nicholas had rescued him from Squeers's clutches, and repaid that worthy in his own coin. Miss La Creevy sums up all my recollections, except such as are as indefinite as her own miniatures: There now, I've done your portrait, miss; To make it perfect and complete "At night to Newport Pagnell; and there a good pleasant country town, but few people in it. A very fair and like a Cathedral Church; and I saw the leads, and a vault that goes far under ground: the town and so most of this country, well watered. Lay here well, and rose next day by four o'clock; few people in the town and so away. Reckoning for supper, 178. 6d. ; poor, ва. Mischance to the coach, but no time lost. "9th (Tuesday).-We came to Oxford," &c. is possible that De Quincey's prediction is being fulfilled after all. G. M. H. PLAYFAIR. "CINEMATOGRAPH":"CINE MACOLOR." N. & Q.' is protesting against linguistic impurities. Is it too late to protest against two recent introductions to our language? For some time we have been suffering under "cinematograph," often pronounced as though it were written sinni-mattograph. Now we have the deplorable hybrid cinemacolor." Better than these, though not themselves perfect, would be kinėmachrome." They may serve, at least, as magraph," or "kinemascope," and "kinēa starting-point for improvement, and, if adopted, would not give rise to the absurd sounds which now result from the words 66 employed. A protest from N. & Q.' may move etymologists, and may, perhaps, induce PROF. SKEAT himself to say something in behalf of our language. CIVIS. THE KING "OVER THE WATER."-In his book 'Some Recollections' the late Canon Teignmouth Shore, writing about a visit This town must have been Bicester, not which he paid to Osborne in 1878, says :— Newport Pagnell. C. LESLIE SMITH. "In excavating a trench for a main for the Commercial Gas Company, the workmen of Messrs. John Aird & Sons made a remarkable discovery a few days ago. At a point where Cannon Street Road and Cable Street, in St. George's-in-theEast, cross one another, and at a depth of six feet below the surface, they discovered the skeleton of a man with a stake driven through it, and some portions of a chain were lying near the bones. It is believed that the skeleton is that of a man who murdered a Mr. and Mrs. Marr, their infant child, and a young apprentice in their house in Ratcliff Highway in 1811....He hanged himself while under remand in Coldbath-fields Prison. coroner's jury having brought in a verdict of felo-de-se, the murderer was buried in accordance with the custom of the time." A It is true that there is nothing in the quotation from The Citizen to show that the remains have not been left in situ, and it "I had noticed before that at the Household dinners there were never any finger-bowls, and thinking there might be some interesting reason for the absence of what is so general elsewhere, I ventured to ask Sir John Cowell, the Master of the Household, whether this was so. He explained to me that in old days, when there was a certain Jacobite element even in the vicinity of the Court, it had been noticed that on the toast of The King' being given after dinner, some of those present used to pass their glass over the finger-bowl, and was discovered that thus they drank To the King over the water,' and the temptation to do so was removed by the abolition of the finger-bowls." HERBERT B. CLAYTON. 39, Renfrew Road, Lower Kennington Lane. THE BLINDFOLDED MAN: JAPANESE iii. VARIANTS. (See 11 S. 424.)-Only recently I have come across a passage in Hiuen-tsang's Si-yih-ki,' A.D. 646, tom. x., which seems to prove these Japanese stories to have originated in an Indian tradition. After narrating how enormous a quantity of gold King Sadvaha had expended for the completion of the grand rocky monastery on Black Peak in Central India, the Chinese itinerary says :— |