Con-geries, congestion, congero, (see GERO, p. 16,) I bear together. Congeries, a mass of small bodies heaped together.

Con-glomerate, adj. glomus, a clue of thread gathered together, as a ball of thread.

Con-gratulate, (gratus, pleasant or agreeable,) is to make agreeable, and is applicable either to ourselves or others. To express joy for the good of another. To compliment upon any happy event. "I congratulate our English tongue, that it has been enriched with words from all our neighbours." Watts.-Felicitate, (felix, happy,) signifies to make happy, is applicable to ourselves only. We felicitate ourselves on having escaped danger; we congratulate others on their good fortune.

Con-gregate, congrego, (see GREX, p. 17,) I assemble together. Con-gress, congredior, (see GRADUS, p. 16,) I step with another. Congress, is used to denote. an appointed meeting for the settlement of affairs between different nations, as, the congress of Vienna; or between the different parts of the same nation, as in North America. Con-gruity, congruere, (grus, a crane,) literally, to come together as cranes do, that is, in a flock; figuratively, congruity denotes that which is suitable to something else.

Con-jecture, conjicio, (see JACIO, p. 18,) I cast together. Conjecture, is used at present only in a figurative sense, to denote the result of thoughts framed in the mind without design or foundation. Any circumstance, however trivial, may give rise to conjecture; some reasons are requisite to produce a supposition; a particular state of feeling or train of thinking may of itself create a surmise. When we look upon such things as equally may or may not be, human reason can then, at the best, but conjecture what will be." South.

Con-join, conjungo, (see JUNGO, p. 18,) I join several things

together. "Let that which is taught next be nearly conjoined with what is known already." Locke. Con-jugal, conjugate, and conjunction have the same origin as CONJOIN.-Conjugation, in grammar, a regular distribution of the several inflections of verbs in their different voices, moods, tenses, and persons, so as to distinguish them from one another.

Conjunction. A particle which expresses a relation or dependence between words and phrases; thus called, because it serves to join or connect the parts or members of a discourse, which is its common use; and also to connect words, so as to show the relations which those words so united have to other parts of the

sentence.

Conjunctions are of various kinds.-1. "Copulative, or conjunctive," are those which express a relation of union or comparison between things; and serve to connect or continue a sentence; as, and, only.-2. Adversative," those which express a restriction, or contrariety; as, but, nevertheless.-3. " Causal," those which show that the cause of something is alleged; as for, because.-4. " Conclusive,' those which denote a consequence drawn; as, so, that, but, then.-5. "Conditional," are those which import a condition; as, if, provided that.-6. “ Continuative," those which express a succession or continuation of the discourse; as, even, in effect.-7. "Disjunctive," those which express a relation of separation or division, or which serve not only to connect or continue the sentence, but also to express opposition of meaning in different degrees; as, neither, yet.-8. "Dubitative," those which express some doubt, or suspension of opinion; as, if.-9. " Exceptive," as, unless, that. These distinctions are considered useless by some writers, more especially by H. Tooke; see “ Diversions of Purley." Vol. I. p. 110.

Con-jure, from conjuro, (juro, I swear,) I swear with another to do something. Conjure, (pronounced

kúnjure,) was formerly used to denote the act of influencing by the imaginary art of magic. At present, conjure, (pronounced konjure,) is confined to denote the act of entreating earnestly and with solemnity; thus,

"I conjure you-let him know,

"Whate'er was done against him, Cato did it."

Addison.

Con-nate, or cognate, (natus, born,) born with another. Con-nect, connecto, (see NECTO, p. 25,) I link together. "A right opinion is that which connects distant truths by the shortest train of intermediate propositions." Johnson." It is odd to consider the connexion between despotisın and barbarity, and how the making one person more than man, makes the rest less."

Connexion. The act of uniting; the state of being joined together. Just relation to something precedent or subsequent. "There must be a future state, where the eternal and inseparable connexion between virtue and happiness shall be manifested." Atterbury.— Contemplation of human nature doth, by a necessary connexion and chain of causes, carry us up to the Deity." Hall.

Con-sanguinity, (sanguis, sanguinis, blood,) relationship by blood, relation by descent from one common progenitor. It is distinguished from affinity, or relation by marriage. "Consanguinity, or relation by blood, and affinity, or relation by marriage, are canonical disabilities to contract a marriage.' Blackstone. Con-science, conscious, consciens, (see Scio, p. 33,) knowing within one's self; admitted to the knowledge of any thing. We are apprized of events, or what passes outwardly, through the medium of external circumstances; we are conscious, through the medium of ourselves only, of what passes within. "I know nothing so difficult for a generous mind to get over as calumny

and reproach, and cannot find any method of quieting the soul under them, besides this single one, of our being conscious that we do not deserve them." "Conscience signifies that knowledge which a man has of his own thoughts and actions; and because, if a man judgeth fairly of his actions by comparing them with the laws of God, his mind will approve or condemn him, this knowledge or conscience may be both an accuser and a judge." Swift.- Conscientious. Regulated by conscience.- Consciousness. An internal sense of guilt or innocence. The perception of what posses in a man's own mind. If spirit be without thinking, I have no idea of any thing left; therefore, consciousness must be its essential attribute.' Watts. Con-secrate, consecro, (sacer, sacred,) I make sacred by a special act. The act of setting apart any profane or common thing to a pious purpose. Consecration is the reverse of desecration and profanation, which consist in perverting a thing set apart for a pious use to a profane and popular one. Consecrate, is a species of formal dedication by virtue of a religious observance; hallow is a species of informal consecration: churches are consecrated; particular days are hallowed. Con-sent, consentio, (see SENTIO, p. 34,) I feel in unison with another. "Contracts are formed by the consent of the parties who are interested." A parent consents to the establishment of his children; he permits them to read certain books; he allows them to converse with him familiarly."

Con-sequence, from consequor, (sequor, I follow,) signifies, "That which follows from any cause or principle."

"Shun the bitter consequence, for know,

"The day thou eatest thereof thou shalt die."

66

Paradise Lost.

Consequence is frequently employed as synonymous with importance. The anger of Achilles was of such consequence that it embroiled the kings of Greece." Addison. Consequentially. With just deduction of

consequences. In a regular series.

"Were a man a

king in his dreams, and a beggar awake, and dreamt consequentially, and in continued unbroken schemes, would he be in reality a king or a beggar ?" Addison.

Consequences flow of themselves from the nature of things; results are drawn. Consequences proceed from actions in general; results proceed from particular efforts and attempts."

Con-serve, conservo, (see SERVO, p. 35,) I keep together. Con-sider, 'considero, (from consido, or consideo, to sit down, or sit with others,) signifies to think upon with care. The operation of thought is expressed by the words consider and reflect, but it varies in the circumstances of the action. Consideration is employed for practical purposes; reflection, for matters of speculation or moral improvement. Common objects call for consideration; the workings of the mind itself, or objects purely spiritual, occupy reflection. Con-sign, consigno, (signum, a seal,) I sign or seal for a specific purpose. Consign usually implies the idea of transferring from one's self to another, by a formal agreement; thus, a person consigns his property over to another by a deed of law; a merchant consigns his goods to another, to dispose of them for his advantage.

Con-sist, consisto, (see SISTO, p. 36,) I stand with something else.--Consistent, signifies the fitness to be placed together. Truth is always consistent with itself, and needs nothing to help it out." Tillotson. Con-sole, consolor, and solace, solatium, are evidently from the same source, (see SoLUM, p. 37.) To console, and solace, denote the relieving of pain; but console is used on more important occasions than solace. We console our friends (with words or deeds) when they meet with afflictions; we solace ourselves (with reflections) when we meet with disasters. The greatest consolation which we can enjoy on the death of our friends, is derived from the hope that they have ex