jaws moving much as if they were chewing the cud. It is not strange that the popular belief among the Jews was, that these animals were really ruminants. Does it mar our confidence in the words of Moses to find him saying that the coney and the hare were unclean, because though they chewed the cud, they did not part the hoof? Would it have been worth while for the great lawgiver to have gone out of his way to correct such an innocent popular misapprehension,when it would have served no great practical end? If the object of the Pentateuch had been professedly scientific, technical language would have been in place; but as it was not, we find in it only the language which would be best understood by the people addressed.

To the literature of the Bible, not less than to the membership of the Christian church, the parable of the "tares and the wheat" has pertinent application. To have transformed the Bible into a dry college text-book, would have destroyed its influence altogether. It is easier for us, in the process of interpretation, to eliminate from the Bible the rhetorical and literary elements natural to it in the times when it was written than for its writers to have made it effective while clothing its eternal ideas in any of the changing scientific dialects of far distant ages.

THE END.

INDEX.

Abbott, Dr. C. C., discovers Palaeolithic implements in New
Jersey, ix., 292–295.

Adam, a corrupt root, 224.

Adaptations in nature compared to the Mississippi, 167; origin
of, in design, 168; to environment, 221, 222.

Agassiz, on unity of the human race, 32; on different centres of
creation for the same species, 43-45; on connecting links, 65;
on homologous structures, 66; on embryology, 69, 146 sq.; on
the difficulty of classification, 122; glacial lake named after, 306.
Allen, Prof. J. A., on extent of variation in birds, 118–120, 136–138.
America, the earliest home of man, 283.

Analogies favoring Darwinism, 72–78.

Analogous variation of species, 70-72; Darwin on, 71.

Analogy, arguments from, 77, 97; between Darwinism and
Calvinism, chapter on, 212-255.

Andover, Mass., kames in, 312-314; kettle-hole in, 341 sq.

Andrews, Dr., on the erosion of the shores of Lake Michigan, 339.
Animals, prehistoric, 269-273, 280.

Argument, not weakened by what we do not know, 182.

Argyll, on Darwinism, 151.

Arts came from the East, 267.

Asia, prehistoric man in, 267.

Astronomy and the Bible, 363 sq.

Atwater, Prof., on reason and the Bible, 246, 247.

Augustine, compared and contrasted with Paul, and Darwin, 212
-214; on the origin of the soul, 228-229.

Babel Moluk, discoveries at, 277, 278.

Barrande on trilobites, 98.

Beauty, not capable of being produced by natural selection, 148 sq.
Beetles, varieties of, on the Madeira Islands, 56.

Belt, Thomas G., on recession of Niagara Falls, 332.
Bible, and science, 27 sq., 351 sq.; revelation of the, and final
causes, 207, 208; attributes of reason towards, 243; proof of its
truth, 245-247; mysteries of, 247; evidence of its genuineness
preserved, 252-253; infallibility of, 351-355; interpretation of,
355 sq., 378; object of Old Testament, 356; De Quincey on,
360-363; and astronomy, 363; and geology, 365; and evolu-
tion, 367-370; and chronology, 371–377.

Brixham, cave at, discoveries in, 274, 275.

Broad view, of design, 192, 193, 233; of fore-ordination and free-
will, 231, 232.

Buffon on barriers to the distribution of species, 47.

California, prehistoric man in, 283–292.

Calvin, quoted, 224 sq.

Calvinism, and Darwinism, analogies between, chapter on, 212–
255; salient features of, 214-217; ground of opposition to,
217-220; is it fatalism? 217-219; New School theory of,
225, 226; deals with profoundest questions of design, 239, 240.
Canary Islands, species upon, 54 sq.

Carr, Prof. L., on Palaeoliths in New Jersey, 292.
Carver visits Falls of St. Anthony, 335.

Catholic Church, Roman, and infallibility, 355.

Cause, is the sum total of conditions, 187, 188; difficulty of distin-
guishing each, 189; of each individual variation not known, 199.
Caves, discoveries in, 272-276.

Chamberlin, on kettle range in Wisconsin, 305; on the slight
erosion since glacial epoch, 338.

Champlain epoch, 317, 318.

Chance, versus design, 166, 167, 173, 174; produces nothing defi-
nitely and orderly, 166.

Change in physical geography, 258.

Christianity, evidencies of, inductive, 25, 245, 246.

Chronology, of prehistoric times, 281-283; of the glacial period,
326-347; of the Septuagint, 373.

Civilization in danger of self-destruction, 223, 224.

Classification, difficulties of, in botany and zoölogy, 38-41, 121–
125; botanical scheme of, 40; natural, 72, 73.

Climatic changes of prehistoric times, 282.

Colonization of species, 103.

Colorado, cañon of the, 91.

Complexity of the conditions of existence, 93.
Concause, 189.

Connecting links, Agassiz, Marsh, and Owen on, 62–65, 106, 109–
113; absent, 98-113.

Connection, organic, of the human race, 224-230.

Conscience, authority of, 209, 210; an impediment to the sinner,
222, 223.

Continuity, of nature, 166; of forms of life, condition necessary
to, 220.

Correlation of forces, 114; principle of, 233, 234; its bearing upon
problem of evil, 234, 235.

Creationist versus traducianist, 226.

Creator, his intention in variation and natural selection, 200, 201;
glory of his way revealed by nature, 203, 204; law in the actions
of the, 251-255.

Croll, James, on cause of glacial period, 326; on erosion since, 338
Cromer forests, 279.

Curry, Dr., on Calvinism, 218 sq.

Cuvier defines species, 36.

Dana, quoted, 99, 100, 101, 102; on the terraces of the Connect-
icut, 310.

Darwin, and Paley, 172-175; and positivists, 191; on relation
of ends, 197-201; compared and contrasted with Paul, and Au-
gustine, 212-214; on origin of species, 249-251; and Newton
compared, 74-76, 97; caution of, 75, 95; method of reasoning
of, 74-78, 88.

Darwinism, argument for, stated, 27-95; summarized, 72, 73,
93-95, 160; objections urged against, 96-164; and design, 165-
211; and time, 89-92; objections to, considered, 96-164; mis-
representations of, 152; does not weaken natural theology,
175; does it exclude design? 177-180; natural selection in,
179; versus chance, 179, 180; and Calvinism, analogies between,
chapter on, 212-255; shelter of, from infidelity, 219, 220; not
a theory of universal progression, 220-224; and theological
opponents, 244; mystery of, 248; proof of its truth, 249-251.
Dawson, on the distribution of species in time, 61; on Lingulae,

129.

Denmark, early man in, 260-262; peat deposits in, 260, 261.
Denudation of rocks, extent of, 104.

De Quincey on Bible and science, 360.

Design, is there, in nature? 165-170; illlustrated by type, 165;
shown by adaptation of final result,165, 166, 168; versus chance,
166, 167; evidence of, increased by complexity of result, 169–
170, 172.
Design in nature, 12 sq. 117, 151; chapter on, 165–211; conser-
vation of, 166; illustrated by loaded dice, 166, 167; burden of
proof devolves on those denying, 169; illustrated by Paley's
watch, 171, 172; an exhaustive interpretation of, difficult, 182-
186; broad view of, 192, 193, 233; how fully can human mind
interpret, 193-205; Calvinism deals with, 239, 240; attitude of
reason towards, 243.

Devastation, man lives by, 256.

Dice, loaded, as an illustration of design in nature, 166, 167.
Distribution of species, in space, 46-49, 73; around centres, 49-
59, 73; in time, 59-61, 79; Owen on, 59; Dawson on, 61;
of lemurs, 53; upon oceanic islands, 52–58.

Domestic animals, varieties of, 78, 79.

Earth, instability of, 258-260; orbit of, varies in eccentricity, 327.
Edwards, Pres., on the good of being, 191; on original sin, 227,

228.

Edwards, Dr., quoted, 191.

Elephant, rate of breeding, 84; prehistoric, 269.

Elk, prehistoric, 270, 271.

Embryology, 68-70, 73; Agassiz on, 69, 146 sq.; Darwin on, 69.
Ends, mutual, relation of, 190, 193–205.

England, traces of prehistoric life in, 271-275; change of sea-level
in, 279, 280.

Englemann on hybrid oaks, 146.

Erie, Lake, former outlet of, 310.

Erosion, rapidity of, 285.

Europe, succession of races in, 266-268; settled from the East, 266.
Evangelical theology, founded on facts, 246, 247.

Evolution, rose-colored views in, 185; and the Bible, 367–371.
Explanation, nature of scientific, 74-76.

Extinction of species, Darwinian theory comprehends, 221.

Final cause is the sum of all the uses, 12-15, 24, 192, 242, 243;
Darwin on, 71. See Teleology.

Final result, adaptation of, shows design, 165.

Fishes, abrupt appearance of, 99.

Fittest not always the best, 82.

Forces, origin of, out of sight, 165.

Fore-ordination, Calvinistic idea of, 216, 217; and free-will, 230-

233.

Forests, succession of, 261, 262.

Free-will and fore-ordination, 230–233.

Galapagos, species upon the, 49.

Geikie, Archibald, on early glacial periods, 330.

Geikie, James, on cause of glacial period, 326.

Genesis, interpretation of first chapters of, 366.

Geological changes, evidence of design, 179; agencies of preser-
vation, 256-258.

Geological time, 90 sq., 115, 120; record of, imperfect, 102 sq.; and
the Bible, 365 sq.

Glacial period, and Palaeolithic man, 278-283; not yet over, 278,
279; phenomena at close of, 309; floods at close of, 310; floods
of, in the Delaware valley, 318-325; date of close of, 326-346;
cause of, 326-331; has there been more than one? 330, 331.
God, wisdom and goodness of, 15 sq.; veracity of, 19 sq.; anthro-
pomorphic conception of, 175; an exhaustive interpretation of
his designs difficult, 182-186; his ways better than unknowable,
183; his mode of operations, 190; his idea of final cause, 192,
193; interpretation of his method, more important than temporary
happiness, 195–209; revelation of, the end of nature, 205–211,