Nor has there ever been any other marked return movement. The course of empire has never pursued its way from west to east, save for those who were dissatisfied with the West and returned to some eastern state and also naturally for those who were given in marriage. Ohio sent 16,762 citizens to dwell in the state of Washington. That state reciprocated by sending 253 Washingtonians to live in the Buckeye state. It would, consequently, require the migration eastward of 16,509 Washingtonians to balance the books with Ohio. Ohio has given to Minnesota eighteen times as many people as she has received from the northwestern state. Nor is there a difference in the proportions of exchange of citizens in the southern states. Texas has been a pronounced offender in taking away many citizens and returning but few. From Tennessee she drew 130,000 inhabitants and repaid that state with 4,000. From distant Massachusetts she attracted 1,524 people and gave in return one-fourth as many. She took away 25,000 people from Illinois and repaid for them with 3,000. In Ohio there are 1,075 Texans residing; in Texas 10,588 Ohioans resident. In this interchange of people, some see the real birth of the unity of the Nation; the failure of secession; the force which has helped to overcome the decentralizing tendencies of various race contributions; and the perpetuity of the church, the schools, newspapers and all the higher attributes of our civilization. Well may one, after even such a brief and inadequate consideration of inter-state migration, have a new conception of that clause in our beloved Constitution which reads, "The citizens of each state shall be entitled to all privileges and immunities of citizens in the several states." REMARKS ON ADDRESS OF DR. SPARKS BY DR. T. C. MENDEN HALL Mr. President and Members of the Society: I had a story to tell this afternoon but in view of the late hour I have begged the Chairman to let me off. As he insists on not doing so I will put off my story for a future day and speak very briefly of a thought that has been in my mind while listening to the extremely interesting paper of Dr. Sparks and the very impressive address of General Keifer. Dr. Sparks has emphasized and illustrated the irresistible march of civilization towards the west, a sometimes temporarily halted, but never completely arrested movement, which crossed the continent of Europe, then the Atlantic Ocean, and in our own time has reached our western border, the shores of the Pacific. The thought which came to me grew out of a personal incident which threatened to prevent my hearing these two most interesting addresses because of an expected visit (now postponed for a day) from Dr. R. Fujisawa, retired professor of the Imperial University of Japan, in which institution he was my pupil more than forty years ago. He has just completed a course of lectures at the International Political Institute which has been in session at Williams College, Williamstown, Massachusetts. As many of you know, the Institute is of recent foundation, holding its meetings annually for a few weeks, for the study of important international questions. Distinguished men. are called from foreign countries to give courses of lectures, each upon some phase of the political institutions of his own land which may just now be of special interest. Dr. Fujisawa very kindly sent me typewritten copies of his lectures as given from day to day and the leading note which he has sounded rang in my ears this afternoon as I heard, it repeated in the notable addresses to which we have listened. I recalled the fact that when I first saw him he was a typical youth of high rank in a nation which at that time was. practically unknown among the people of the, so-called, civilized world. He belonged to the "sword-bearing" caste of a people ruled by what we would consider the most autocratic government known to man. But a few years earlier this mighty westerly movement of democratic civilization had crossed the broadest of the oceans and planted its seed in this land, which for centuries had neither given to nor received from the other nations of the earth. In spite of this complete isolation, however, evolutionary forces had been at work and in many respects intellectual advances had been made, parallel and equal to those of Europe and America, so that it was something more than the civilization of the fifteenth century which met that of the nineteenth when the guns of Commodore Perry brought the latter to the gates of the Land of the Rising Sun. A half century has elapsed; the enthusiastic student of forty-five years ago has won international distinction, first as a mathematician and physicist and later as a philosopher and publicist. His country, then almost unknown to the world, including a population barely one-fortieth of that of the whole earth, has come to be ranked as one of the five or six great nations. All history records no other such transformation. It is the puzzle of the ages. And now comes Fujisawa, carrying his message eastward instead of westward and the essence of it is democracy! It seems an inversion of the proper order that we should receive lessons in democracy from a nation which still accepts and reveres its hereditary monarch, while at the same time it assumes to be the most democratic on earth. most But why not? If democracy means that the people shall have "that form of government which they most want", a new standard is established which may well receive our thoughtful consideration, and we may seriously inquire whether, after all, as measured by that standard our government is a democracy. LOGAN ELM, PICKAWAY COUNTY, OHIO Circumference 3 feet from ground 21 ft., 6 in. Length of west limb 62 ft., 6 in. LOGAN AND THE LOGAN LEM * BY DR. HOWARD JONES I have been asked to tell you something about this piece of land upon which we have assembled today and what this meeting commemorates. This is easy and yet difficult; easy because the subject is replete with interesting history; difficult because the time allotted is too short to treat the subject in a very comprehensive or even an understandable manner. It was in 1911 that I made the proposal to Mrs. Wallace to purchase this site and give it to the State of Ohio as a public park to memorialize the name and fame of a great Indian and to protect the giant elm which bears his name as long as it may live. For nearly one hundred years this land was owned by some member of the Boggs family. Major John Boggs obtained a title for it in the year 1798, this being the date he came here with his father, Captain John Boggs from Wheeling, Virginia. John Boggs, Sr., moved to Wheeling from Pennsylvania in 1771 and he was familiar with the events of the Dunmore war. He knew personally many of the men who were here and at Camp Charlotte at the time of the treaty and John Boggs, Jr., received from his father the historical facts which cling to this day about this land and elm. Major John Boggs was the father of James Boggs and he built the brick house, which you can see across the field, in the year 1816 and he died there in 1862. He told his son James of the *An address delivered under the branches of the Logan Elm,. October 2, 1922. |