Изображения страниц
PDF
EPUB

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Secondary Authorities

Abbott, J. C. History of Ohio. Detroit, 1878.

Albach, James R. Annals of the West. Pittsburg, 1857.
Atwater, Caleb. History of the State of Ohio. Cincinnati, 1838.
Chaddock, Robert. Ohio Before 1850. New York, 1908.
Chase, Salmon P. Sketch of the History of Ohio. Cincinnati,
1888.

Cutler, Julia Perkins. Life and Times of Ephraim Cutler, Cincinnati, 1890.

Gilkey, Elliot H. Ohio's Hundred Year Book. Columbus, 1901. Gilmore, William Edward. Life of Edward Tiffin. Chillicothe, 1897.

Hickok, Charles Francis. The Negro in Ohio. Cleveland, Ohio,
University Studies. Cleveland, 1896.

Hildreth, S. P. Pioneer History of Ohio. Cincinnati, 1848.
Hinsdale, B. A. The Old Northwest. New York, 1884.

Massie, David Meade. Life of Nathaniel Massie. Cincinnati, 1896.

McDonald, John. Biography of Nathaniel Massie. Chillicothe, 1891.

McMaster, John Bach. History of the People of the United States. Volume 2. New York, 1903.

Randall, Emilius Oviatt and Ryan, Daniel J. History of Ohio, Volume 3. New York, 1912.

Ryan, Daniel J.

The First Constitution of Ohio, in Centennial Celebration. Columbus, 1903.

Ryan, Daniel J.

History of Ohio. Columbus, 1888. Whittlesey, Charles. History of Cleveland. Cleveland, 1867.

Sources

Annals of Congress, 1801-1802. Edited by Joseph Gales. Washington.

Burnet, Judge Jacob. Notes on the Early Settlement of the Northwestern Territory. Cincinnati, 1847.

Chase, Salmon P. Statutes of Ohio. Cincinnati, 1832.

Journal of the Constitutional Convention of the Territory Northwest of the Ohio River. Chillicothe, 1802.

Journals of the House of Representatives of the Territory of the United States Northwest of the Ohio River. Cincinnati, 1799-1801. Chillicothe, 1801-1802.

Patterson, Isaac Franklin. The Constitution of Ohio. Cleveland, 1912.

Rives, J. C. Abridgment of the Debates of Congress.

York, 1857-1800-1803.

New

Smith, William Henry. Life and Public Service of Arthur St. Clair, Together with the St. Clair Papers. Cincinnati, 1882. Van Cleve, Benjamin. Memoirs, Typewritten Copy, Public Library, Dayton, Ohio.

Washington, H. A. Complete Works of Thomas Jefferson. New York, 1857-1859, Volumes 7, 8, 9.

Periodicals

Freeman's Journal. Cincinnati, 1796-1800.

Centinel ofthe North-western Territory. Cincinnati, 1796.
Scioto Gazette. Chillicothe, 1801-1802.

Western Spy and Hamilton Gazette. Cincinnati, 1799-1803.

CELEBRATION OF ST. CLAIR DAY

No history of the Northwest Territory would be complete without conspicuous reference to what is now Preble County, Ohio. Through its primeval forests General Arthur St. Clair, in the autumn of 1791, marched on his ill-fated expedition to disastrous defeat by the Indians near the present site of Fort Recovery, to return later in disorderly retreat. Over the same route General Anthony Wayne advanced with his legions, by careful stages, in October, 1793, to a signal victory at the battle of Fallen Timbers, in what is now Lucas County, August 20, 1794. This battle prepared the way for the Treaty of Greenville, August 3, 1795, and the suspension of Indian incursions until the campaign of General William Henry Harrison in 1811, which culminated in the battle of Tippecanoe.

The defeat of St. Clair left the western border open to the attacks of the Indians and greatly retarded for a time the settlement of the Ohio Country. To afford a measure of protection and stay the advance of the savage foe, Fort St. Clair was erected between Fort Hamilton and Fort Jefferson, on a site about one mile from the public square of Eaton.

The history of this fort, as detailed in an address on St. Clair Day, is presented on following pages and need not be repeated here. The accounts of the battle that was fought almost under the guns of the fort are practically all based on a letter written by Judge Joel Col

lins, of Oxford, who participated in that historic event and the official report of Major John Adair in command of a detachment of militia from Kentucky and afterwards governor of that state.

Between Eaton and the site of Fort St. Clair is the cemetery in which at last rest the remains of Lieutenant John Lowry and Ensign Samuel Boyd who fell in an engagement with the Indians at Forty Foot Pitch, October 17, 1793. On succeeding pages is presented a discussion of the location of Forty Foot Pitch, which seems to have been involved in considerable doubt.

In the very first issue of the Centinel of the Northwestern Territory, the first newspaper published in the Ohio country north of the Ohio River, bearing date of November 9, 1793, appears an account of this engagement which is a paraphrase of the official report of General Wayne. It reads in part as follows:

Many reports having been circulated with respect to the attack made by the savages upon a convoy of provisions, some little time ago, between Fort St. Clair and Fort Jefferson, the following is an authentic account of the affair.

Lieutenant Lowry, of the Second, and Ensign Boyd of the First sub-legions, with a command consisting of about ninety non-commissioned officers and privates, having under their convoy twenty wagons loaded with grain and commissary stores, were attacked between day-light and sunrise, seven miles advanced of Fort St. Clair, on the morning of the 17th ult. These two gallant young gentlemen, with thirteen non-commissioned officers and privates, bravely fell in action. * The Indians killed or carried off about seventy horses.

*

*

The officers who fell in this action belonged to the regular army and their names together with a brief record of their services, are preserved in the archives of the Republic. The sketches are as follows:

John Lowry. From New Jersey; lieutenant in the levies of 1791; ensign 2nd Infantry, April 11, 1792; 2nd sub-legion, September 4, 1792; lieutenant February 20, 1793; killed October 17, 1793, in action with Indians near Fort St. Clair, Ohio.

Samuel Boyd. From Pennsylvania; surgeon's mate; Ist sub-legion, February 23, 1793; ensign 1st sub-legion, March 3, 1793; killed, October 17, 1793, in action with Indians near Fort St. Clair, Ohio.

The remains of these officers and the men who fell in action with them were first buried near Fort St. Clair and afterward reinterred in the cemetery.

Following are the names of the non-commissioned officers who were lost in this action: Warren Murray, Sergeant; Ezekiel Morrill, Sergeant; Silas Burret, Corporal.

The names of the privates were as follows: Nicholas Brooks, Elisha Barrows, Calvin Brown, John Connor, Henry Derris, Enos Hall, Lewis May, John Phillips, Joshua Risley, Thaxter York.

Murray, Derris, May, Phillips and York are designated as "missing".

The foregoing names are in the report made to the War Department and are here printed, it is believed, for the first time. Captain Daniel Tilton of the 2nd sublegion commanded in this action.

The Preble County Historical Society which has been active in recent years in arousing interest in local history planned and carried out most successfully a celebration of St. Clair Day, November 6, 1922, the one hundred and thirtieth anniversary of the battle with the Indians near Fort St. Clair. The program rendered on that occasion follows:

« ПредыдущаяПродолжить »