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to mouth, even apparently, and

CHAP. XIII. not in dark speeches; and the

1 The numes, 17 instructions, 21. similitude of the Lord shall he and acts of the spies. behold: wherefore then were ye not afraid to speak against my

AND the Lord spake unto Moses, servant Moses?

saying, 9 And the anger of the LORD

2 Send thou men *, that they was kindled against them; and he

may search the land of Canaan, departed.

which I give unto the children of 10 C. And the cloud departed fathers shall ye send a man, every

Israel: of every tribe of their from off the tabernacle; and behold, Miriam became leprous, white

one a ruler among them.

3 And Moses by the commandas snow: and Aaron looked upon

ment of the Lord sent them from Miriam, and behold she was le

the wilderness of Paran: all those prous. 11 And Aaron said unto Moses, Israel.

men were heads of the children of Alas, my lord, I beseech thee, lay

4 And these were their names : not the sin upon us, wherein we

Of the tribe of Reuben, Shammua have done foolishly, and wherein

the son of Zaccur. we have sinned.

5 Of the tribe of Simeon, Sha12 Let her not be as one dead, phat the son of Hori. of whom the flesh is half consumed,

6 Of the tribe of Judah, Caleb when he cometh out of his mother's the son of Jephunneh. womb.

7. Of the tribe of Issachar, Igal 13 And Moses cried unto the the son of Joseph. LORD saying, Heal her now, 0 8 Of the tribe of Ephraim, God, I beseech thee.

Oshea the son of Nun. 14 And the LORD said unto 9 Of the tribe of Benjamin, Moses, If her father had but spit Palti the son of Raphu. in her face, should she not be

10 Of the tribe of Zebulun, ashamed seven days ? let her be Gaddiel the son of Sodi. shut out from the

II Of the tribe of Joseph, namely

camp seven days, and after that let her be of the tribe of Manasseh, Gaddi received in again.

the son of Susi. 15 And Miriam was shut out

12 Of the tribe of Dan, Ammiel

the son of Gemalli. from the camp seven days: and

13 Of the tribe of Asher, Sethur the people journeyed not, till Miriam was brought in ugain.

the son of Michael. 16 And afterward the people re

14 Of the tribe of Naphtali, moved from Hazeroth, and pitched

Nahbi the son of Vophsi. in the wilderness of Paran.

15 Of the tribe of Gad, Geuel the son of Machi.

16 These are the names of the

“ whom he had married,” for, there could be no crime in having married her, so that their slander was for bis putting her away.

• Although here it seems as if God had commanded Moses to send men to spy the land, it means only that God consented to their proposal, as appears in the repetition of this narrative in Deuteronomy, chap. i. ver. 22. and for this reason I shall correct the expression of the English translator, in ver, 3, viz. “ And Moses, with the Lord's permission, sent them, &c. from co by the commandment of the Lord,” into “ with the Lord's permission," to solve a glaring contradiction in the two passages,

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אֲדַבֶּר־בּוֹ וּמַרְאֶה וְלֹא בְחִידֹת וּתְמְנָת יְהוָה יַבִּיט וּמַדּוּעַ לֹא יְרֵאתֶם לְדַבֵּר בְּעַבְדִּי בְמשֶׁה: 9 וַיִּחַר־ אַף

יְהוָה בָּם וַיֵּלֶךְ : 10 וְהֶעָנָן סֶר מֵעַל הָאֹהֶל וְהִנֵּה מִרְיָסְמְצְרַעַת כַּשָּׁלֶג וַיִּפֶן אַהֲרֹן אֶל־מִרְיָם וְהִנֵּה מְבֹרֶעַת: 11 וַיֹּאמֶר אַהֵרְן אֶל-משֶׁה בִּי אֲדֹנִי אַל־נָא תָשֶׁת עָלִינוּ חַטָאת אֲשֶׁר נוֹאַלְנוּ וַאֲשֶׁר חָטָאנוּ: 12 אַל־נָא תְהִי כַּמָּת אֲשֶׁר בְּצֵאתוֹ מֵרֶחֶם אָנֹו וַיֵאָכֵל חֲצִי בְשָׂרוֹ : 13 וַיִּצְעַק משֶׁה אֶל־־יְהוָה לֵאמֹר אֶל נָא רְפָא נָא

לה : מפטיר 14 וַיֹּאמֶר יְהוָה אֶל־־משֶׁה וְאָבִיהָ יָרָק יָרַק בְּפָנֶיהָ

הֲלֹא תִכָּלֵם שִׁבְעַת יָמִים תִּסְגַר שִׁבְעַת יָמִים מִחוּץ לַמַּחֲנֶה וְאַחַר תֵּאָסֵף: 15 וַתִּפָּנֵר מִרְיָם מִחוּץ לַמַּחֲנֶה שִׁבְעַת יָמִים וְהָעָם לֹא נָסַע עַד־הֵאָסֵף מִרְיָם: 16 וְאַחַר

נָסְעוּ הָעָם מֵחֲצֵרוֹת וַיַּחֲנוּ בְּמִדְבַּר פָּארָן :

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יג וַיְדַבֵּר יְהוָה אֶל-משֶׁה לַאמְר : 2 שְׁלַח־לְךָ אֲנָשִׁים וְיָתרוּ אֶת־אֶרֶץ כְּנַעַן אֲשֶׁר־־אֲנִי נֹתֵן לִבְנֵי

יִשְׂרָאֵל אִישׁ אֶחָד אִישׁ אֶחָד לְמַטֶה אֲבֹתָיו תִּשְׁלָחוּ כּל נָשִׂיא בָהֶם: 3 וַיִּשְׁלַח אֹתָם מֹשֶׁה מִמִּדְבַּר פָּארָן עַל־פִּי יְהוָה כִּלָּם אֲנָשִׁים רָאשֵׁי בְנֵי־־יִשְׂרָאֵל הֵמָּה : י וְאֵלֶּה שְׁמוֹתָם לְמַטֶה רְאוּבֵן שִׁמְעַ בֶּן־־זַכּוּר : 5 לְמַטֶה שִׁמְעוֹן שָׁפָט בֶּן־חוֹרִי: 6 לְמַטֶה יְהוּדָה כָּלֵב בֶּן־יִפְנֶה : 7 לְמַטֶה יִשְׂשׁכָר יִגְאֶל בֶּן־יוֹסֵף : 8 לְמַטֶה אֶפְרָיִם הוֹשֵׁעַ בִּן־נוּן : 9 לְמַטֶה בִנְיָמִן פַּלְטִי בֶּן־רָפְוּא: 10 לְמַטֶה זְבוּלן בַּדִיאֵל בֶּן־סוֹדִי : ו לְמַטֶה יְוֹסֵף לְמַטֶה מְנַשֶׁה בַּדִּי בֶּן־סוּסֵי : בו לְמַטֶה דָן עַמִּיאֵל בֶּן־גְמַלִי: 13 לְמַטֶה אָשֵׁר סְתוּר בֶּן־מִיכָאֵל : 14 לְמַטֶה נַפְתָּלִי מַחְבִּי בֶּן־וָפְסִי : 15 לְמַטֶה גָר גְּאוּאֵל בֶּן־מָכִי : 16 אֵלֶה

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the one was Eldad, and the name 34 And he called the name of of the other Medad: and the spirit that place Kibroth-hattaavah : berested upon them (and they were

cause there they buried the people of them that were written, but that lusted. went not out unto the tabernacle) 35 And the people journeyed and they prophesied in the camp. from Kibroth-hattaavah, unto Ha

27 And there ran a young man * zeroth: and abode at Hazeroth. and told Moses, and said, Eldad and

CHAP. XII. Medad do prophesy in the camp. 1 Mirian's and Aaron's sedition

28 And Joshua the son of Nun, rebuked. 10 Miriam's leprosy, the servant of Moses, one of his 14 is healed. young men, answered, and said, And Miriam and Aaron spake My lord Moses, forbid them.

29 And Moses said unto him, against Moses, because of the Enviest thou for my sake? Would Ethiopian woman, whom he had God that all the Lord's people married || : for he had married an were prophets, and that the LORD Ethiopian woman. would put his spirit upon them. 2 And they said, Hath the LORD

30 And Moses gat him into the indeed spoken only by Moses? camp, he and the elders of Israel. hath he not spoken also by us?

31 | And there went forth a And the LORD heard it. wind from the LORD, and brought 3 (Now the man Moses wus very quails from the sea $, and let them meek, above all the men which fall by the camp, as it were a were upon the face of the earth.) day's journey on this side, and as 4 And the Lord spake suddenly it were a day's journey on the unto Moses, and unto Aaron, and other side, round about the camp, unto Miriam, Come out ye three and as it were two cubits high, unto the tabernacle of the congreupon the face of the earth.

gation; and they three came out. 32 Aud the people stood up all 5 And the Lord came down in that day, and all that night, and the pillar of the cloud, and stood all the next day, and they gather- in the door of the tabernacle, and ed the quails : he that gathered called Aaron and Miriam: and least, gathered ten homers I: and they both came forth. they spread them all abroad for 6 And he said, Hear now my themselves round about the camp. words: If there be a prophet

33 And while the flesh was yet among you, I the LORD will make between their teeth, ere it was myself known unto him in a vision : chewed; the wrath of the LORD and will speak unto him in a dream. was kindled against the people, 7 My servant Moses is not so, and the LORD smote the people who is faithful in all mine house. with a very great plague.

8 With him will I speak mouth

bread and water in the wilderness, and yet murmured for what may be termed superfluous; and were so ungrateful as to mention the bringing of them out of Egypt: this was a crime of su black a die, that they were deservedly punished for it.

* This means one of Moses's servants, which are commonly called lads or young men in Scripture; and the article the is expressed in the Hebrew text, which the English translator often suppresses or adds at his own discretion.

ộ This should be rendered, “ Which snatched quails from the sea, and left them over the camp, &c.” The Hebrew expression is ta'l, derived from 112, to shear, cut off, or clip.

# Each Homer is ten ephans, and an ephah contains ten homers. Vide Ezekiel, chap. xlv. ver. 11, and Exodus, chap. xvi. ver. 36, and this is about nine hundred bushels; but the Hebrew expression may also mean ten heaps, which I deem to be the literal sense. || It seems that there is an ellipsis in this text of the words, “ and put away," after the expression

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שֵׁם הָאֶחָד אֶלְדָּד וְשֵׁם הַשְׁנִי מֵידָד וַתָּנַח עֲלֵהֶם הָרוּחַ וְהַמָּה בַּכְּתָבִים וְלֹא יָצְאוּ הָאֹהֶלָה וַיִּתְנַבְּאוּ בַּמַּחֲנֶה: 27 וַיָּרָץ הַנַּעַר וַיִּגֶד לְמשֶׁה וַיֹּאמַרְאֶלְדָּד וּמֵידָד מִתְנַבְּאִים בַּמַּחֲנֶךְ : 28 וַיַּעַן יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בִּן־נוּן מְשָׁרֵת מֹשֶׁה מִבְּחָרָיו וַיֹּאמַר אֲדֹנִי מֹשֶׁה כְּלָאם: 29 וַיֹּאמֶר לוֹ משֶׁה הַמְקַנֵּא

אַתָּה לִי וּמִי יִתֵּן כָּל־עַם יְהוָה נְבִיאִים כִּי־יִתֵּן יְהוָה שביעי אֶת־רוּחוֹ עֲלֵיהֶם : 30 ויאסף משֶׁה אֶל-הַמַּחֲנֶה הוּא וְזִקְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל : 31

31 וְרָוּחַ נָסַעימֵאַת יְהוָה וַיְנוּ שַׁלְוִים מִן־הַיָּם וַיְמֵשׁ עַל־הַמַּחֲנֶה בְּדֶרֶךְ יוֹם כֹּה וּכְדֶרֶךְ יוֹם כֹּה סְבִיבוֹת הַמַּחֲנֶה וּכְאַמָּתַיִם עַל־־פְּנֵי הָאָרֶץ :

32 וַיָּקָם הָעָם כָּל־הַיוֹם הַהוּא וְכָל־הָלִילָה וְכל יום השליו ק' הַמָּחָרָת וַאֲסְפּוּ אֶת־־הַשְׁלָו הַמַּמְעִיט אָסֵף עֲשָׂרָה

חֲמָרִים וַיִּשְׁטְחוּ לָהֶם שָׁשׂוֹחַ סְבִיבוֹת הַמַּחֲנֶה: 33 הַבָּשָׂר עוֹדֶנּוּ בֵּין שְׁנֵיהֶם טֶרֶם יִכָּרֵת וְאֵף יְהוָה חָרָה בָעָם וַיִּךְ יְהוָה בָּעָם מַכָּה רַבָּה מְאֹד: 34 וַיִּקְרָא אֶת־שֵׁם־הַמָּקוֹם הַהוּא קִבְרוֹת הַתַּאֲוָה כִּי־שָׁם קָבְרוּ אֶת־הָעָם הַמִּתְאַוּס : 35 מִקִבְרְוֹת הַתַּאֲוָה נָסְעוּ הָעֶס חַצְרוֹת וַיְהִיוּ בַּחַצרות :

וַתְּדַבֵּר מִרְיָם וְאַהֲרן בְּמשֶׁה עַל־אֹדֶוֹת הָאִשָּׁה הַכְּשִׁית אֲשֶׁר לָקַח כִּי־אִשֶׁה בְשִׁית לָקָח: 2 וַיֹּאמְרוּ

הֶרַק אַךְ־בְּמשֶׁה דִּבֶּר יְהוָה חֲלֹא גַם־בָּנוּ דִבֵּר וַיִּשְׁמַע עניק יְהוָה : 3 וְהָאִישׁ מֹשֶׁה עָנָו מְאֹד מִכֹּל הָאָדָם אֲשֶׁר על־־פְּנֵי הָאֲדָמָה :

4 וַיֹּאמֶר יְהוָה פִּתְאֹם אֶל-מֹשֶׁה וְאֶל־אַהֲרן וְאֶל־מִרְיָם צְאוּ שְׁלָשְׁתְּכֶם אֶל־אֹהֶל מוֹעֵר וַיִּצְאוּ שְׁלָשְׁתָּם: 5 וַיֵּרֶד יְהוָה בְּעַמּוּד עָנָן וַיַּעֲמֹד פֶּתַח הָאֹהֶל וַיִּקְרָא אַהֲרֹן וּמִרְיָם וַיִּצְאוּ שְׁנֵיהֶם: 6 וַיֹּאמֶר שִׁמְעוּ-נָא דְבָרֵי אִם־יִהְיֶה נְבִיאֲכֶם יְהוָה בַּמַרְאָה אֵלָיו אֶתְוַדָּע בַּחֲלוֹם אֲדַבֶּר־בוֹ: 7לֹא־ כן עַבְדִּי משֶׁה בְּכָל־בֵּיתִי נֶאמָן הוּא : 8 פה אֶל־פֶּה

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to give unto all this people? for 20 But even a whole month, they weep unto me, saying, Give until it come out at your nostrils, us flesh, that we may eat.

and it be loathsome unto you: 14 I am not able to bear all because that ye have despised the this people alone, because it is Lord which is among you, and too heavy for me.

have wept before him, saying, 15 And if thou deal thus with Why came ye forth out of Egypt 1? me, kill me, I pray thee, out of

21 And Moses said, The people hand, if I have found favour in amongst whom I am, are six hun- . thy sight; and let me not see my dred thousand footmen; and thou wretchedness.

hast said, I will give them flesh, 16 | And the LORD said unto that they may eat a whole month.

. Moses, Gather, unto me seventy

22 Shall the flocks and the herds men of the elders of Israel, whom be slain for them, to suffice them? thou knowest to be the elders of the or shall all the fish of the sea be people, and officers over them; gathered together for them, to and bring them unto the tabernacle suffice them? of the congregation, that they may

23 And the LORD said unto stand there with thee.

Moses, Is the Lord's hånd waxed 17 And I will come down and short? thou shalt see 'now whether talk with thee there : and I will my word shall come to pass unto take of the spirit which is upon thee, or not. thee, and will put it upon them; 24 And Moses went out, and and they shall bear the burden of told the people the words of the the people with thee, that thou Lord, and gathered the seventy bear it not thyself alone.

men of the elders of the people, 18 And say thou unto the people, and set them round about the Sanctify yourselves against to- tabernacle, morrow, and ye shall eat flesh g 25 And the LORD came down (for you have wept in the ears of in a cloud, and spake unto him, the LORD, saying, Who shall give and took of the spirit that was us flesh to eat? for it was well upon him, and gave it unto the with us in Egypt) therefore the seventy elders : and it came to Lord will give you flesh, and ye pass that when the spirit rested shall eat.

upon them, they prophesied, and 19 Ye shall not eat one day, nor

did not cease. two days, nor five days, neither 26 But there remained two of ten days, nor twenty days: the men in the camp, the name of

Here God answers Moses' objection of not being able to bear the government of the people by bimself. And officers over them : this doth not mean commun or ordinary officers, but such men as were respected for their abilities and age.

$ Here he answers the complaint of the people. #Moses observed to them, that they were guilty of ingratitude, than which there cannot be a blacker crime, and therefore says he, ye will be punished. Whereas, if ye had desired flesh without murmuring and making mention of the going forth of Egypt, ye would not have been punished so severely ; as may be observed of some others, for which they were not punished. This is according to the explanation of Rashbam. And, according to this, it may be observed, that they murmured concerning their going forth out of Egypt, when pursued by Pharaoh, Exodus, chap. xiv. ver. 12. “For it had been better for us to serve the Egyptians, than that we should die in the wilderness." The same in the wilderness of Sin, as also in Rephidim, for water, &c. In all which, God granted their

request, and gave them manna, and water, &c. But did not punish them for murmuring. The reason of this was, that they were not then yet so well acquainted with the power of God, bis being able to provide them food from heaven, &c. and also that the fear of death was before them; first, by the pursuit of their enemies, or by hunger, or thirst, as may be observed in the different places, and therefore the crime of ingratitude was not imputed to them; but now, after they were so fully convinced of the power of God, in delivering them from their enemies, and furnishing them with

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