Abolitionists, the, 389-395
Abolitionists, the, and Texas, 405
Adams, Charles Francis, minister to
England, 519; and English attitude,
520-521; and the Alabama, 522-523;
and Liberal Republicans, 564-565;
cited, 587
Adams, Henry, cited, 587
Adams, John, and Boston Massacre, 162;
withdraws from politics, 165; and First
Continental Congress, 176-178; and
Declaration of Independence, 184;
and peace negotiations, 212-215; and
election of 1796, 258; President of the
United States, 257-265; trouble with
Hamilton, 263; and election of 1800,
264
Adams, John Quincy, character (at
Ghent), 297-298; and campaign of
1824, 337-340; Florida Purchase,
330-331; and Russia, 333; and Monroe
Doctrine, 333-334; presidential hopes,
336; presidency of, 340-346; and
Georgia Indians, 344; and Whig
Party, 373; and Anti-Slavery peti-
tions, 395; attempt to buy Texas, 396
Adams, Samuel, and Mass. politics, 141;
and Sugar Act, 148; and Sons of Lib-
erty, 152; and Non-importation, 156-
158, 159; political activity, 160, 166; re-
moval of troops, 162; and conservative
reaction, 165; and committees of cor-
respondence, 166-168, and Tea Act,
169, 171-172; and tea ships, 172; and
the "Tea Party," 173; and Coercive
Acts, 175; and First Continental Con-
gress, 176-178; plans for arrest, 179;
influence on Revolution, 180; and
Shays's Rebellion, 231-232; opposes,
Constitution, 241, 242
Adams, William, 299
Adamson Law, the, 760-762
Africa, 15th Century Commerce, 11
Agriculture, in the West, 381; depression
in, 642-647; 807-809
Aguinaldo, 689; fights U. S., 695
Aircraft Production Board, the, 770
Aix-la-Chapelle, conference at, 332
Alabama, admitted to Union, 306;
secession of, 469
Alabama, the, 522-523
Alabama Claims, the, 562-563
Alamo, the defense of, 399
Alaska, purchase of 561
Albany Congress, the, 120-122
Albany Plan, the, 121-122
Aldrich, Nelson A., 747
Aldrich-Vreeland Act, the, 723
Alexander VI, Pope, 13
Algeciras Conference, the, 719
Alger, Russell A., in McKinley Cabinet,
672; and Spanish-American War, 686–
Alien and Sedition Acts, the, 261-262
Allen, Ethan, captures Ticonderoga, 182
Ambrister, R. C., 330
Amendments to the Constitution, first
ten, 245-256
American Expeditionary Force, the, 772
American Federation of Labor, the,
601-603
American Sugar Refining Co., the,
frauds in, 721
American System, the, 302-303
American traits, after 1815, 309-312
Ames, Oakes, 557
Amherst, General Jeffrey, 124, 136
Anderson, Major Robert, at Fort Sumter,
474, 477-478
André, Major John, capture of, 202
Andros, Sir Edmund, 76-78, 80
Anglo-French Wars, colonial, 114-125
Annapolis (in Nova Scotia), 120
Annapolis Convention, the, 234
Anthracite Coal Strike, the, of 1902,
Antietam, Battle of, 491-492
Anti-federalists, the, origin of, 241
Anti-Masons, the, 363
Anti-Masonic Convention, of 1831, 363
"Appeal of the Independent Democrats,"
the, 440
Appomattox, Lee's surrender, 502–503
Arbitrary arrests, during Civil War,
510-511
Arbuthnot, Alexander, 330
Argentine Republic, recognition of, 331
Argonne, Battle of, 776
Argus, the, and Sedition Act, 262
Arizona, admitted to Union, 573
Arkansas, secession of, 469
Armada, Spanish, 24-25
"Armed neutrality," the, 208
Armistice, the, signing of, 778
Armstrong, John, Secretary of War,
293
Army, the, condition of, in 1775, 182
Army, the (Revolutionary) condition of,
187, 192
Arnold Benedict, retreat from Canada,
187; at Saratoga, 191; treason of,
201-202
Arthur, Chester A., removed from office,
614; and election of 1880, 617; adminis-
tration of, 619–621
Articles of Confederation, New England,
Articles of Confederation, the, 197-
198; Maryland's influence, 220–221; pro-
posed amendments, 229
Assumption of state debts, 246
Astor, John Jacob, 402
Atlanta, capture of, 500
Attorney-general, provision for, 245
Attucks, Crispus, 162
Aurora, the, 258; and Sedition Act, 262
Austin, Moses, in Texas, 396
Australian Ballot, the, 676
Austria, and Holy Alliance, 331
Babcock, Thomas S., 557
Bacon, Nathaniel, 35
Bacon's Rebellion, 34-35
Baer, George F., 708–711
Baker, Newton J., Secretary of War, 762
Ballinger Episode, the, 729
Baltimore Convention, the, 741-742
Baltimore, Lord, see Calvert
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, the, 382
Bank of the United States, First, defeat
Bank of the United States, Second,
Jackson's attack on, 361-362, 364-365
Bank, United States, opposed by Tyler,
375
Barn-burners, the, 417
Bates, Edward, Attorney-general, .476
Battles, see under separate headings, as
Bunker Hill, Lexington, etc.
Beaumarchais, Caron de, aids the United
States, 203-205
Beauregard, General Pierre G. T., and
Fort Sumter, 476-478; and Battle of
Shiloh, 490
Belknap, W. W., and Grant, 558
Bell-Everett Party, the, 465
Bennett, James Gordon, 388
Bennington, Battle of, 191
Benton, Thomas Hart, upholds Jackson,
365; and Oregon, 403; out of Senate,
436
Berkeley, Gov. William, 34-35
Berkshire County, defies state, 195
Berlin Decree, the, 280
Bermuda, the case of, 524
Biddle, Nicholas, and Jackson, 362
Biglow Papers, the, 416
"Big Stick," the, 717
Black Codes, the, 540-541
Black Friday, 560
Black Warrior, the, 430
Blaine, James G., and election of 1876,
566-567; Secretary of State, 618; and
Election of 1884, 630-633; Latin-
American policy, 652-654; and Panama
Canal, 713
Blair, Francis P., 483
Blair, Montgomery, Postmaster-general,
476
Bland-Allison Act, the, 615-616
Bland, Richard P., 616
Blockade, the, of the Confederacy, 486-
487; British policy, 757-758
Blockade Running, 524
"Bloomsbury Gang," the, 145
"Blue Lodges," in Kansas, 446
Board of Trade, the, 87-88, 95, 120; and
Ohio Valley, 111; plan of union, 122
Bonaparte, Napoleon, and Louisiana,
"Bonus Bill," the, of John C. Calhoun,
313
Bonus, the, 802-803
Boone, Daniel, 208
Booth, John Wilkes, 503
Border States, the, during Civil War, 511
Boscawen, Admiral, 122
Boston Caucus Club, 152, 160, 166
Boston Gazette, the, 152, 159
Boston Massacre, the, 161–162
Boston, Siege of, 179, 183
Boston, town of, and Coercive Acts, 175
Boston Port Bill, the, 173-174
Boston "Tea Party," the, 171–172
Boston, Evacuation of, 183
Boundary Disputes, among states, 228
Boutwell, George S., and gold corner,
559-561
Bowdoin, James, and Shays's Rebellion,
231
Bowles, Samuel, cited, 578
Boxer Rebellion, the, 698-699
Braddock, General Edward, 123
Bradford, Governor William, 44
Brady, T. J., and Star Routes, 619
Breckenridge, John C., and campaign of
1860, 466-467
Breda, Declaration of, 66
Brinkerhoff, Joseph, 415
Bristow, Benjamin, and Whiskey Ring,
557
British Government, restricts American
trade, 279
British Honduras, 428
British Imperial Policy, 126
British Trade, importance of, 227
British Troops, sent to Boston, 157; in
Boston, 161-162
Brooks, Preston, attacks Sumner, 450-
451
Brotherhoods, the, threatened strike,
760-762
Brown, John, in Kansas, 448; in Virginia,
461-464
Brownists, the, see Pilgrims
Bryan, Charles W., 820
Bryan, William Jennings, in 1896, 665-
670; in 1908, 724-725; in 1912, 741-
742; Secretary of State, 745; resigna-
tion of, 758-759
Bryant, William Cullen, 387
Buchanan, James, minister to England,
430; and campaign of 1852, 435; and
election of 1856, 452; and Kansas,
455-458; attitude toward the Con-
federacy, 473–474
Buckner, General Simon B., 489
Buell, General Don Carlos, in Kentucky,
Buena Vista, Battle of, 411
Buffalo, the, destruction of, 574
Buford, the, 807
Bull Run, Battle of, 483
Bunker Hill, Battle of, 179, 183
Bunyan, John, 41
Burchard, Rev. Samuel D., and election
of 1884, 632-633
Burgoyne, General John, 190-192; sur-
render of, 192
Burke, Edmund, 145
Burleson, Albert S., and campaign of
1912, 741; Postmaster-general, 745
Burnside, General Ambrose E., 511;
commands Army of Potomac, 492
Burr, Aaron, and election of 1800, 264-
265; and plans for secession, 276-277;
and Southwest, 277
Business conditions in United States,
Bute, Earl of, and Seven Years' War, 125
Butler, A. P., attacked by Sumner, 449
Butler, Benjamin F., at New Orleans,
491; and emancipation, 513; and
Johnson, 545; and Grant, 556; and
salary grab, 557
Butler, William M., 819
Cabinet, the (English), 87, 90
Cabinet, the (United States), origin of,
245; under Jackson, 349; under Lin-
coln, 476, 512
Cabot, George, and secession, 276-277,
469; and Hartford convention, 296
Cabot, John, 19, 64
Cadore Letter, the, 286
Cairo, Ill., 487
Calhoun, John C., and tariff of 1816,
305; and Second U. S. Bank, 306;
"Bonus Bill," in 1817, 313; presi-
dential hopes, 336; and campaign of
1824, 338; and tariff, 342; and cam-
paign of 1828, 345; and nullification,
356-358; break with Jackson, 359-360;
and Mexico, 414; and Oregon, 415;
and Compromise of 1850, 422, 424
California, Polk's plans, 408; taken by
U. S., 412-413; gold discovered, 421;
frames constitution, 421; enabling
Calvert, Cecil, 36-38
Calvert, George, 35-36
Calvinism, 41
Cameron, Donald, 616
Cameron, Simon, and election of 1860,
466; Secretary of War, 476; and Grant,
556
Canada, trade with, 130, 134; and North-
west, 217; insurrections in, 376; rec-
iprocity with, 433-434
Canning, George, and Latin America,
332-333
Cannon, Joseph G., 730
Cape of Good Hope, 11
Cape Verde Islands (Portuguese), 11
Caribbean, the American interests in,
792-798
Carlisle, John G., 638, 650
Carolina, charters, 62-63; settlement of,
62-63
"Caroline Affair," the, 376
Carpet Bag Governments, collapse of,
Carpet Baggers, the, 547
Carranza, Venustiano, 752-753
Cass, Lewis, in campaign of 1848, 417;
and campaign of 1850, 424, 426; and
campaign of 1852, 435; Unionist
leader, 436; and Sumner, 449
Caucus, the, and Jefferson, 268-269;
objections to, 337
Cedar Creek, Battle of, 498
Censorship, during Civil War, 511
Central Pacific Railroad, the, 577
Cerro Gorde, Battle of, 411
Cervera, Admiral Pascual, 685
Chamberlain, G. E., criticizes War
Department, 772-773
Champlain, Samuel De, 115
Chancellorsville, Battle of, 492
Channing, Edward, on causes of panics,
Chapters of Erie, 587
Charles I, 45-46, 73, 90
Charles II, 35, 55, 73; interest in colo-
nization, 61-67
Charleston (S. C.), and East India Co's
tea, 173; capture of, 502
Charters, Carolina, 62-63; Connecticut,
56; Georgia, 70; Massachusetts (first),
45; Massachusetts (second), 86; Penn-
sylvania, 68; Rhode Island, 55; Vir-
ginia, 26-27; Virginia (second), 29;
Virginia (revocation of), 31-32
Chase, Salmon P., and abolitionism, 437;
and Kansas-Nebraska Bill, 440; Secre-
tary of the Treasury, 476; Civil War
Finance, 505-506; and emancipation,
513; and election of 1868, 554-555
Château-Thierry, Battle of, 774
Chattanooga, capture of, 496-497
Cherokees, the, and Georgia, 344, 353
Chesapeake and Leopard, the, 281-282
Chicago Times, the, 511
Chickamauga, Battle of, 496
Chile, recognition of, 331; and U. S.,
653
China, treaty with, 433; Hay's policy,
696-698
Cipher Telegrams, and election of 1876,
Circuit Courts, federal, organization of,
245
Circular Letter, the, 157
Civil Rights Bill, the, 541
Civil Rights Act, the, 550
Civil Service, Jefferson's changes in, 269;
four-year term, 340; under Jackson,
350-352
Civil Service Reform, demanded by
Liberals, 563; in Hayes' administra-
tion, 614-615; in Arthur administra-
tion, 620-621
Civil War, the, influence of Abolitionists,
393-394; causes of, 478-480; general
account of, 478-529; results of, 530
Clarendon Code, 66
Clark, Champ, Speaker, 732; in Balti-
more Convention, 742
Clark, George Rogers, 209-210, 219
Clay, Henry, and War of 1812, 287;
character (at Ghent), 298; at Ghent,
300; and the American System, 303;
and 2nd U. S. Bank, 306; and Latin
America, 328; presidential hopes, 337;
Secretary of State, 339; Compromise
Tariff, 357; in Campaign of 1840,
373-374; and President Harrison, 375;
Whig nominee, 1844, 401; and Cam-
paign of 1848, 418; and Compromise
of 1850, 422-427; death, 436
Clayton Anti-Trust Act, the, 749
Clayton-Bulwer Treaty, the, 428-430,
712
Clemenceau, Georges, 783-784
Clermont, the, 314
Cleveland, Grover, and election 1884,
631-633; first administration, 633-639;
and campaign of 1888, 639; second
election, 647; second term, 648-657;
unpopularity of, 660; and Cuba, 678–
680; and Panama Canal, 713
Clipper Ship, the, 385-386
Coal Strike, the, 1920, 806
Cobb, Howell, elected Speaker, 422;
and Compromise of 1850, 426
Cody, Colonel William F., 575, 577
Coercive Acts, the, 173-174
Cohens vs. the State of Virginia, 316
Coin's Financial School, 659–660
Colombia, recognition of, 331; rejects
Hay-Herran Treaty, 714; attempts to
conciliate, 753–754
Colonial administration, British, 85-89
Colonial Agents, the, 96
Colonial legislatures, controversies in,
155-156
Colonies, attitude toward Parliament,
Colonization, Spanish, 16-18
Colorado, admitted to Union, 573
Columbia, capture of, 502
Columbia River, 402
Columbian Centinel, the, 258
Columbus, Christopher, 11-13
Commerce (Medieval), 6-7
Commerce, in Europe, 6-7; in New York,
65; in "Critical Period," 226-227;
regulation of in federal convention,
237; American, 244-245; American,
1791-1801, 253-254; American, 1801-
1807, 278; West Indian Trade, 352;
1840-1860, 385
Commercial policy, British, 80-85
Committees of Correspondence, in Mass.,
166-167; in Virginia, 167
Committee for Foreign Plantations, 85
Common Sense, influence of, 183-184
Compromise of 1850, the, 417-427
Compromises, the, in Federal Convention,
236-238
Conciliation, failure of attempts, 186
Concord, Battle of, 179
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