near of kin to Euthamia, but are shrubby plants, with no ligulate corollas. They have entire punctate leaves, also the inflorescence of Chrysoma, and substantially the same involucre, achenes and pappus. I doubt not that they are naturally of this genus, and I here so place them.

3. C. diffusa. Ericameria diffusa, Benth. Bot. Sulph. 23 (1844). Solidago diffusa, Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. v. 159 (1861). Aster Sonoriensis, O. Ktze. 1. c. 317 (1891). This plant is Mexican, inhabiting the territory adjacent to, and on both sides of, the Gulf of California. Its inflorescence is rather too flat-topped for a typical Chrysoma, and its rayflowers more numerous, though few. Were it not shrubby, its place would be with Euthamia. But the two shrubs next following are at almost perfect agreement with the Chrysoma type in habit and inflorescence, though in them the proper ray-flowers are imperfectly or not at all developed.

4. C. arborescens. Linosyris arborescens, Gray, Bot. Mex. Bound. 79 (1859). Bigelovia arborescens, Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. viii. 640 (1873). Aster arborescens, O. Ktze. 1. c. 315 (1891). Ericameria arborescens, Greene, Man. 175 (1894). Middle California, at low altitudes in both the Coast Range and Sierra Nevada. Achenes shorter and more pubescent than in C. pauciflosculosa, but not turbinate.

5. C. Parishii. Bigelovia Parishiï, Greene, Bull. Torr. Club, ix. 62 (1882); Gray, Syn. Fl. 141 (1886). Aster Parishii, O. Ktze. 1. c. 318. Decidedly glutinous as well as punctate, and with ampler foliage than the last, but otherwise most near it.-Confined to low mountains of southeastern California.

Into line with the last two fall several rather diminutive montane shrubs, some with radiate, others with discoid heads, namely:

6. C. nana. Ericameria nana, Nutt., Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. vii. 319 (1840). Aplopappus nanus, D. C. Eaton, Bot. King Exp. 159. Gray, Syn. Fl. 134, excl. var. cervinus. Like

Professors Eaton and Gray, I fail to distinguish from this the E. resinosa of Nuttall. The species is of the western part of the Great Basin, and is seldom collected. According to Nuttall the rays are not always well developed as ligules, and are ochroleucous rather than yellow, this last a point of affinity, as far as it has value, with the West Indian species. 7. C. laricifolia. Aplopappus laricifolius, Gray, Pl. Wright. ii. 80 (1852). Aster laricifolius, O. Ktze. l. c. 318. Plant of the southwestern interior, inhabiting rocky hills and low mountains; ligules both well developed and rather

numerous.

8. C. cuneata. Aplopappus cuneatus, Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. viii. 635 (1873). Aster cuneatus, O. Ktze. 1. c. 317. Middle and southern Sierra Nevada of Callfornia. Heads radiate.

Var. spathulata. Bigelovia spathulata, Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. xi. 74 (1876); B. rupestris, Greene, Bot. Gaz. vi. 183 (1881). More dwarf and compact than the type, and destitute of rays. Lower California, Arizona, etc.

The concluding series of species have a linear heath-like foliage, which gives them a rather peculiar appearance. Number 9 is the type of Nuttall's Ericamera, a genus maintained by Bentham and Hooker and some others; but I can can not separate this from those next preceding it in these pages, nor those from the typical Chrysoma. Numbers 9, 10 and 11 were ranged by A. Gray under his Aplopappus for the reason that they have ligules. The others were placed in his Bigelovia because rays were wanting. That they are most strictly congeneric does not seem likely to be called in question.

C. ericoides. Diplopappus ericoides, Less. Linnæa, vi. 117 (1831). Aplopappus ericoides, Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beech. 146 (1833). Ericameria microphylla, Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. vii. 329 (1840). Aster ericinus, O, Ktze. 1. c. 313. Shrub of seacoast sandhills in middle California; the leaves slightly pubescent.

10. C. pinifolia. Aplopappus pinifolius, Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. viii. 636 (1873). Aster pityphyllus, O. Ktze. 1. c. 316. Taller than the last, and of the interior of southern California.

11. C. Palmeri. Aplopappus palmeri, Gray, 1. c. xi. 74 (1876). Aster Nevinii, O. Ktze. 1. c. Habitat of the preceding.

12. C. teretifolia. Linosyris teretifolia, Dur. & Hilg. Pac. R. Rep. v. 9. t. 7 (1855). Bigelovia teretifolia, Gray, 1. c. viii. 644 (1873). Aster Durandii, O. Ktze. 1. c. 316. Region of the Mohave Desert, in the mountains.

13. C. paniculata. Bigelovia paniculata, Gray, 1. c. (1873). Aster Asc, O. Ktze. 1. c. 315. Of southern California and eastward.

14. C. Cooperi. Bigelovia Cooperi, Gray, 1. c. 640. Aster Cooperi, O. Ktze. 1. c. 317. Providence Mountains, in the Mohave Desert, California.

15. C. brachylepis. Bigelovia brachylepis, Gray, Bot. Calif. State Survey, i. 614 (1876). Aster brachylepis, O. Ktze. 1. c. Mountains west of the Colorado Desert, California.

A somewhat recently discovered solidagineous herb of Mexico, a plant not far removed in nature from Solidago rigida, but with coroniform rather than capillary pappus, on account of a mere analogy of its pappus, has been published under the wrong genus. This, even though a monotype, should form a genus, and may be called

Stephanodoria tomentella. Xanthocephalum tomentellum, Robinson, Proc. Am. Acad. xxvii. 172 (1892). Typical Xanthocephalum has no pappus at all, but a turgid annulus instead; and the genus should be limited to those species, apparently. But neither the habit, the inflorescence, the involucre nor even the compressed achenes of this plant are at agreement with Xanthocephalum or any of its near allies.

An interesting far western plant which can ill be associated with the species of any recognized genus I name

Petradoria pumila. Chrysoma pumila, Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. vii. 325 (1840). Solidago pumila, Torr. & Gray. Fl. ii. 210 (1842). Aster pumilus, O. Ktze. 1. c. 319. Genus distinguished from Euthamia by its woody caudex and cylindric glabrous distinctly 10-striate achenes; and from Chrysoma by the same characters and by its flat-topped corymbose inflorescence. The species is strictly montane in its habitat, and occupies apparently a narrow belt running almost diagonally across the western part of the North American continent, from Texas to Oregon. It is found only in very stony ground or on bleak ledges. The Greek word for a rock combines with Doria, an early name for the Goldenrod, to designate suitably the genus.

There is a very natural group of species belonging to the mountains of Mexico and Central America, of which DeCandolle's Aplopappus? stoloniferus is the type, which wear so exactly the appearance of Erigeron, especially of the Japanese E. Thunbergi and the Californian E. glaucus, that I not long since published one of them under the name of E. Heleniastrum. But having now been privileged to examine at Kew, a good series of specimens, I find it necessary to abandon that opinion; not because the typical species looks less like true Erigeron, but because all exhibit certain characters of receptacle and achenes which are at variance with those of that genus as hitherto accepted. The achenes are apparently terete, quite pronouncedly silky, and are surmounted by a pappus rather too firm and too copious for Erigeron; and the receptacle is deeply alveolate. On these three or four technical characters, along with the external marks of Erigeron with yellow rays, these plants must needs be separated from that genus and from Aplopappus; and I assign the group the generic name

OSBERTIA.1

1. 0. stolonifera. Aplopappus? stoloniferus, DC. Prodr. v. 349 (1836). Aster stolonifer, O. Ktze. Rev. Gen. 318 (1891). Slender herb, with long monocephalous scape, and equally long and slender leafy prostrate stolons: the whole plant hirsute, the leaves and involucres more particularly so, and almost hispid: radical leaves narrowed to a short and broad winged petiole.

2. 0. Heleniastrum. Erigeron Heleniastrum, Greene, Eryth. i. 150 (1893). Plant stouter, not as tall, less stoloniferous, without hirsute pubescence, the involucre excepted: leaves ampler, thinner, tapering to a long and wingless petiole.

Var. glabrata. Aplopappus stoloniferous. var. glabratus, Coult. Bot. Gaz. xvi. 98. Stout, low, scarcely stoloniferous, almost glabrous; leaves of firmer texture.

Var.? scabrella. Of firm texture, scabrous and hirsutulous, dwarf and without stolons: bracts of the involucre broader, almost subulate, only hirsutulous: stout scapes barely 2 inches high. This is n. 3697 of J. Donnell Smiths' distribution of Guatemalan plants; probably a distinct species.

In a former article I concluded my observations on Eriocarpum by stating that certain species, presumably of that genus, were at that time too little known by me. I may therefore introduce them here.

E. blephariphyllum. Aplopappus blephariphyllus, Gray, Pl. Wright. i. 97 (1852). Having now seen specimens enough of Charles Wright's plant on which this species was founded, I am unable to comprehend what reason could be seen for combining it with Aster gymnocephalus. In aspect the two are most unlike each other; and the present plant has more the foliage, the habit and the inflorescence of Grindelia inuloides. I can not doubt that it is a most distinct species.

1 In commemoration of the high services rendered to Mexican botany by Mr. OSBERT SALVIN.