held the office of Baal-Kamar, or Baal's priest. Immediately above the farm rises a hill, which is known as Baaltown-the rock or hill of Baal. The discovery of this curious survival is very interesting, as it is in harmony with the survival of those ancient names in the yeoman classes of the south-western counties." The surname in question is simply a corruption of Bailhache, a family which has existed in Jersey from time immemorial, members of which, like those of so many of their compatriots, have doubtless settled on the opposite coast. J. B. PAYEN-PAYNE. Bexhill. NEW YEAR'S DAY.-Under the article "Year" in Haydn's Dictionary of Dates,' sixteenth edition, 1878, the following quotation from Stow is given : "The English began their year on December 25 until the time of William the Conqueror. This prince having been crowned on January 1 gave occasion to the English to begin their year at that time, to make it agree with the then most remarkable period of their history." As historians agree and teach that the coronation of the Conqueror took place on Christmas Day (December 25), it would be interesting to know how the conflicting dates are to be reconciled. Queries. TRUTH. We must request correspondents desiring information on family matters of only private interest, to affix their names and addresses to their queries, in order that the answers may be addressed to them direct. 66 THE COCKPIT, WHITEHALL.-The dictionaries state a name given to the room in Westminster in which Her Majesty's Privy Council hold their sittings"; "the Privy Council Office at Whitehall." Was the term applied to a Government building, as being the same building which Henry VIII. built for the sport of cock-fighting, or as being built on its site, or built on the site of a cockpit? How late was it in living use? Was the building ever the meeting-place or office of the Privy Council, and at the same time known colloquially as the Cockpit? Our contemporary evidence reaches from 1650 to 1691-1649/50, 'Commons' Journal,' Feb. 25 (in Carlyle, Cromwell's Letters,' ii. 124), “Resolved that the Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland have the use of the Lodgings called the Cockpit." 1659/60, Pepys's Diary,' Feb. 20, " My Lord of Dorset and another Lord, talking of getting another place at the Cockpit." 1670, Lond. Gaz., No. 432/4, "Dyed at his appartment in the Cockpit, his Grace, George Duke of Albemarle." 1691, in 'Hist. Coll. Am. Col. Ch. I.,' 9, "The Princess Anne has left the cockpit......and gone out to live at Sion house." Brand, in 'Pop. Antiq.,' s.v. "Cock-fighting," speaks of the term in a manner which seems to imply that he was quite familiar with it as a cur rent name for some building in Whitehall, but does not mention the purpose to which it was devoted. 1863, Cox, 'Inst. of Eng. Governm.,' ii. vii. 682, says, "After the Restoration, the Treasury Board sat at a place called the Cockpit." J. A. H. Murray. Oxford. certain schools at Shrovetide. A remark in HazCOCK-PENNY.-A payment made to masters of litt's ed. of Brand's 'Pop. Antiq.,' seems to imply that this payment was made in quite recent times at Clitheroe Free Grammar School, and perhaps also at other schools; our latest evidence of its contemporary existence is 1721 in the 'Liverpool Munic. Rec.' (1886), ii. 74. Information showing its existence at a later period, and also on the date of its abolishment, if known, is wanted. The earliest instance sent in, viz., 1597, 'Pilgrimage to Parnassus,' Part I., v. 594, "A companie of ragged vicars and forlorne schoolemaisters......one ......looking for cockpence in the bottom of a pue," does not quite support the opinion that it was a payment in lieu of bringing a cock to the school. Oxford. J. A. H. MURRAY. 'DIVERSIONS OF PURLEY.'-In Horne Tooke's Diversions of Purley' there are three speakers— B., H., and T. Who were they? H. is no doubt Horne Tooke himself before he assumed the CATHEDRAL.-What is the earliest appearance of the word as a noun? It occurs in Fuller's 'Worthies' (1650-60), but not in Shakespeare, save as an adjective "In the cathedral-church of Westminster" (2 Hen. VI.,' I. ii. 37), which was not a true cathedral. Nor is the word in Minshew's 'Dictionary' (1625) as a substantive. Madison, Wis., U.S. 66 BYRON'S WORKS.-I think it must be nearly three years since announcement was made that Mr. Buxton Forman had been engaged to prepare a revised edition of the works of Byron. I had reason to suppose that a centenary edition" was intended. But the poet's centennial came and went, and the house of Murray made no sign. May I inquire through N. & Q' whether there really is any "revised edition" in hand; and, if so, when it, or the first volume, will probably appear? G. JULIAN HARNEY. Enfield. HERALDIC.—The following arms appear on an old seal, but without any tinctures: Howe (Suffolk), A chevron between three wolves' heads erased, impaling Party per pale, a chevron between three lions rampant counterchanged. According to Papworth this latter coat is Lymbrey or Hawkins, but I can find no marriage of a Howe with a member of either of these families. any correspondent of 'N. & Q.' help me? Can E. G. H. MIRABEAU A PLAGIARIST.-In his 'Anecdote Biography,' p. 263, Mr. Timbs says: "One of the results of his (Mirabeau's) visit to England may have been his unscrupulous and unacknowledged appropriation of whole speeches of Burke." Has this been substantiated? A. FELS. Hamburg. BROCKETT MSS.-Amongst the MSS. of the late W. H. Brockett, of Gateshead, was a volume containing transcripts of certain charters which once existed in Gateshead Vestry. At one of the Brockett sales this volume was bought on commission by Mr. Rutland, bookseller, of Newcastle. Where is it now? J. R. BOYLE. Low Fell, Gateshead-on-Tyne. BLACKLEGG.-I shall be glad of any information respecting this family. Edmundson's 'Body of Heraldry' gives the arms as Sa., two bars or." G. BLACKLEdge. 5, Bishop's Court, Chancery Lane, W.C. GENERAL CLAUDE MARTIN was a French officer in the service of the Nawabs of Oude during the latter half of last century. He built and endowed the Martiniere College at Lucknow, and a similar educational establishment at or near his native town in France, the name of which I fail to recall. I know not the date of his death, but he was buried in the Martiniere at Lucknow. Information regarding him will prove of interest. MOOSAFIR. CASTELL, OF EAST HATLEY, CAMBS.-Where can I find any information concerning this family? The last Castell seems to have been a successful Parliamentary general. How was it that Sir George Downing came into his estates? Either a Camaccount of the last of the Castells. Can any one bridge or Bedford county paper once had an give me the reference? What was their coat of arms? Sir George Downing was called a "pedantic pedagogue." What is the authority? H. W. P. STEVENS. Tadlow, Royston, Cambs. ZUINGLI AND PINDAR.-In an 'Essai sur la Beauté-Morale des Poésies de Pindare,' by Van Limburg Brouwer, I read (on p. 134):— "Nous pouvons dire de Pindare ce que l'on a dit de Platon, qu'il a puisé à une source divine. Voilà, certainement, pourquoi le grand Zwinglius, qui ne ferma pas, comme bien des docteurs chrétiens, le ciel aux païens vertueux estima Pindare au-dessus de tous les poetes grecs, et le compara à David et à l'auteur de Job. Certes, en lisant les ouvrages de ces grand hommes de l'antiquité, surtout du sublime poëte Thebain, nous ne pouvons nous défendre de répéter le mot d'un célèbre père de l'église: Il y eut des chrétiens avant JésusChrist.' Where does Zuingli assert this opinion; and who was the Father of the Church quoted? J. MASKELL EQUINOCTIAL STORM.-The line gale, in sailors' parlance, is the name for the bad weather so common at the equinoxes. The Spaniards are said to call this phenomenon the gale of St. Francis, and to hold the storm to be raised by devils driven into the sea by the cord of the patron saint of Cordeliers. What Spanish writer_treats of this superstition? JAMES D. BUTLER. Madison, Wis., U.S. MRS. HONEY died in 1843. She appeared at Sadler's Wells as Laura Bell. Were those her Christian names? Actors by Daylight' seems to denote that they were. Her unmarried surname was Young. URBAN. ALLUSION BY MACAULAY.-Macaulay, in his essay on Dryden, written in 1828, says : "Puff himself could tell the actor to turn out his toes, and remind him that Keeper Hatton was a great dancer. We wish that, in our own time, a writer of a very different order from Puff had not too often forgotten human nature in the niceties of upholstery, millinery, and cookery." Who is the writer referred to? A. RULES.-I want to know the difference between the various rules of the monkish orders, such as the "rule of St. Augustine," the "rule of St. Francis," and so on. Will some gentleman assist me? He can write to me direct or answer in N. & Q.' I want the information for my new book, which is already in the press. Time, therefore, is all-important. I do not want all the minutiæ, which would be very long indeed, but only the great principles. I suppose all orders were bound to obedience, charity, poverty, and chastity. If so, what rendered the rule of an order special? I should like permission to add the name of the correspondent as my authority. Replies. ON THE PRACTICE OF THE COUVADE. (7th S. viii. 442.) Although I do not in the least believe that the ancient kings of Torelore-wherever that might have been-personally suckled the heirs to the crown, I may mention an interesting case of male lactation. The late Prof. Partridge, of King's College, London, used a certain number of stock jokes to cheer his class of students of anatomy, among whom, if not of whom, it was my good hap to be. The best of these jokes was always produced while the professor discoursed on the mammary glands of the "human female," as he ungallantly called her. In a tone of rejoicing he was accustomed to cry, “Thank God, gentlemen, we don't suckle!" Notwithstanding this high authority, I shall prove that the best of surgeons is wrong when the observations and experience of Franklin, Humboldt, Richardson, Richeraud, and Majendie are confirmed by a lately current instance. Nobody could be expected voluntarily to suckle any children but his wife's; but there is no knowing if, when the ladies have obtained all their "rights," and the spirit of the late Mr. Mill is pacified in the subjugation of the inferior sex, politically-minded ladies, having incurred maternity, may not, in revenge, hand over the feeding-bottle-nay, its natural prototype-to us poor males. That they may be warned in time, and at least endeavour to contract themselves out of the function, I take this opportunity of stating to the male readers of 'N. & Q.' that a distinguished author, whose mansion in a southern county is the the wife had a baby, but was so dreadfully upset in paradise of his friends, has a gardener, who has a wife; producing it that her husband's sympathies were roused so much that, seeing his spouse incapable of affording nourishment to the infant, he worried himself night and day. In a short time one of those mammæ with which, like most of us, he is furnished in a rudimentary state, becoming turgid, poured forth copious streams of milk, and the father was blessed beyond the sons of men. As the poor man had a fine time of it with his friends, and all parties are now doing well, I refrain from giving the name of the suckling gardener. The Editor of N. & Q.' has personal knowledge of the famous author, as well as of 0. With the desire of promoting the course of inquiry followed by MR. TOMLINSON a few remarks are offered. Cases of suckling by males are, as he states, not unrecorded in modern works. The prehistoric evidence available is, however, wider than is supposed, and is in the form of tradition preserved in language. Sir John Lubbock has dealt with mama and other forms used for the male parent, and which are not exceptions. The matter is, however, obscured by an old superstition among men of learning as to the derivation of words for mother. The real derivation where the word is a labial was pointed out by me in Nature on the basis of an observation of Mr. Alfred R. Wallace, that in many languages words for mouth are labials, for tooth dentals, and for nose nasals, as they happen to be in English, and which afford good reminders of the philological law. Under this derivation the meaning of parent is secondary, and is indifferently applied for either parent. It is likewise related to breast. It is matter for inquiry whether a root (labial or other) for mother is not for woman rather than for mother. Not only is there traditional evidence that the prehistoric word or root was applied to parent without distinction of sex, but there is evidence of milk being so connected. Milk is frequently found associated with breast, and has therefore been assumed by myself and others to be of female relation. In Japanese, which preserves many prehistoric elements, the word for breast, milk, father, is chichi. HYDE CLARKE. commentary, was edited for the Johns Hopkins Blackheath. W. T. LYNN. The most convenient edition of the 'Teaching of the Twelve Apostles' with which I am acquainted is that by the Rev. A. H. E. De Romestin, published by Parker (Oxford). It is a small and inexpensive book, containing the Greek text, with an English translation and notes and an historical introduction. The present Dean of Gloucester, Dr. Spence, when Vicar of St. Pancras, issued an English translation, with notes and excursus, pubEDMUND VENABLES. This was discovered at Constantinople in 1875 by the Archbishop of Serræ, now of Nicomedia. There are many editions of it; a useful one is by the Rev. Henry De Romestin (Parker, 1885). During a summer holiday in North Devon Ilished by Nisbet. was told by an old inhabitant, whose authority is unquestionable, that there lived at that time (five years ago), in a tiny hamlet not far from Clovelly, an old man, descended from Spanish stock, whose breasts were large and full, like those of a woman. The story went, for the truth of which I cannot vouch, that at one period of his life he had to nourish a motherless infant, and thus acquired this singular development. The possibility of such a thing is mentioned in some works on physiology. All the glands in the body are capable of great development on excitation. A. H. B. [A gentleman who died in Charing Cross Hospital from the results of an accident claimed the power to suckle, but was so mercilessly chaffed, he grew restive on the subject.] TEACHING OF THE TWELVE APOSTLES' (7th S. viii. 428).-There are several English editions of this recently-discovered document. There is one, edited by Dean Spence, published by Nisbet at 68.; another, edited by Rev. H. De Romestin, published by Parker at 3s. 6d. ; a third, being a translation printed as a tract, published by Vincent, Oxford, at 3d. There is a full bibliography in the preface to Mr. De Romestin's edition; and all the learning upon the subject is to be found in Dr. G. Salmon's article in the 'Dictionary of Christian Biography.' Longford, Coventry. C. F. S. WARREN, M.A. SIR JOHN HAWKWOOD (7th S. viii. 487).—In 'The Chesters of Chicheley, vol. ii. pp. 300-10, is an interesting account of the Hawkwood family, proving conclusively that Antiocha, the wife of Sir William de Coggeshall, was the daughter of Sir John Hawkwood, the famous condottiere. The authority quoted is a letter dated March 3, 1378-9, preserved in the archives of Venice, wherein Hawkwood begs for a safe-conduct for his son-in-law, Sir William de Coggeshall. Cf. 'Calendar of State Papers,' Venetian Series, F. A. BLAYDES. vol. i. p. 26. Bedford. TENNYSON (7th S. viii. 488).-Mrs. Ritchie's article on Tennyson occupies (with the illustrations that accompany it) twenty-two pages of the Christmas number of Harper's Magazine for 1883. C. C. B. viii. 486).—As his name does not appear in the JOSEPH GEORGE HOLMAN, 1764-1817 (7th S. 'Catalogue of Oxford Graduates' (1851), it may EDWARD H. MARSHALL, M.A. be, I think, fairly assumed that Holman did not Hastings Corporation Reference Library. take a degree. The Dictionary of Living The MS. of this work was discovered at the Authors' (1816) states that Holman, "after convent of the Greek Church at Jerusalem by receiving a classical education in Soho Square, Bryennios, Metropolitan of Nicomedia, under......removed to Queen's College, Oxford. But whose care the text was printed and published in 1784 his love of the drama prevailed over the in 1883. A new edition, with facsimile text and desire of academical honours, and he appeared at Covent Garden Theatre in the character of Romeo." The following curious note, amongst the abstract of foreign occurrences in the Gent. Mag. for 1817 (vol. lxxxvii. pt. i. p. 618), may possibly have escaped URBAN's eye : "A theatrical fracas took place lately at Charleston in America. Mr. Holman, the manager, dismissed a Mr. Caldwell before he had had his benefit; and in consequence the audience completely gutted the theatre. The chandeliers, ornaments, benches, and every assailable article but the scenes were utterly destroyed." G. F. R. B. FLEMISH BRASS (7th S. viii. 469).-Now in the possession of the Surrey Archæological Society. MR. BOUTELL was mistaken in calling it Flemish; it is undoubtedly of English manufacture. A full description, together with a photo-lithograph, will appear in the next volume of the Society's Collections. MILL STEPHENSON, Hon. Sec. 8, Danes Inn, Strand, W.C. JAMES HILL, VOCALIST (7th S. viii. 467).— Possibly the following extract from the obituary list in the European Magazine for August, 1817, may refer to the Hill after whom URBAN in inquiring: "Lately, at Mount Bay, Jamaica, Mr. Hill, the once celebrated singer at Covent Garden and other metropolitan theatres" (p. 179). G. F. R. B. BRENNUS (7th S. viii. 305).—MR. C. A. WARD says: "Now pen, I think, and bren would be kindred, and so it might serve for the mountain or the leader. That the two words are the same may be gathered from the fact that brenin is Welsh for king." Prof. Rhys-no mean authority on Celtic, I weenthinks otherwise. In his Celtic Britain,' 1882, p. 279, he says, speaking about the Brigantes :"From the stem brigant- was formed an adjective brigant-in-, which was reduced in Cornish to brentyn or bryntyn: it meant noble, free, privileged, the contrary of keth, enslaved, while in Welsh it became breenhin, now brenhin, a king, which has nothing to do with Brennus, though old-fashioned philologists fancy it has." As to the origin of pen, he writes ('Lectures on Welsh Philology,' 1877, pp. 254-5):— "At first sight Gaulish would seem to show a similar trace of the v retained as o or u in the well-authenticated Poeninus and Puoeninus of the numerous votive tablets nailed in old times to the walls of the Alpine temple of the deity Penn or Jupiter Poeninus (Revue Celtique,' iii. 3), whence we might be tempted to conclude the Celtic stem implied by the forms Poeninus, Penninus, and Пεvvo-ovivdog, the Early Welsh Qvenvendani, and our modern pen, 'a head or top,' O. Ir. cenn, to have bee qvenn-, but the form Puoeninus compels one to assum the Gaulish to have been, at least dialectically, a dissyl. lable pu-énn-, from a common Celtic qvu-énn-, representing a præ-Celtic qrup-énn- or qvupanja-s, of the same origin as Lat. caput (for cvaput, like canis for cvanis), Gothic haub-ith, Mod. H.G. haup-t, O.Eng. heáfod, heáf-d, Mod, Eng. hea-d." With regard to the origin of the term Pendragon your correspondent may refer to Prof. Rhys's 'Celtic Britain,' pp. 132-3. F. C. BIRKBECK TERRY. The Paddocks, Palgrave, Diss. "IF I HAD A DONKEY WOT WOULDN'T GO" (7th S. viii. 468). From the mangled remains of a song-book which saw the light some five-andthirty years ago I have transcribed the full text for MR. ARCHER MARTIN. In some instances a song is headed with the names of its writer and composer, and their absence in the present case suggests that they were unknown to the compiler. The title-page is gone from my copy, but I have a kind of hazy idea that there figured upon it the name of the immortal Sam Collins. If I had a donkey wot wouldn't go, If all had been like me in fact, There'd ha' been no occasion for Martin's Act, If I had a donkey wot wouldn't go, And come up Neddy. What makes me mention this, this morn If I had a donkey, &c. Bill turn'd and said to me, then perhaps If I had a donkey, &c. As Bill and I did break the peace, I told his Worship all the spree. I wished he would the animal see; If I had a donkey, &c. Bill's donkey was ordered into court If I had a donkey, &c. Bill said "Your Vorship-its wery hard, |