On the Origin of Species: By Means of Natural Selection Or the Preservation of Favored Races in the Struggle for LifeCosimo, Inc., 1 мар. 2007 г. - Всего страниц: 328 On the Origin of Species, published in 1859, is widely accepted as the seminal work in modern biology. Through careful observation, Charles Darwin explains how traits can be selected for within a population. This is easily observed in the artificial selection of farm animals, for instance. Darwin's theory caused an uproar that can still be heard today by refuting the Christian doctrine of created breeds, in which all species that exist now have always existed just as they are. It is the very publication of this work that gave Charles Darwin his place of prominence in the history of the theory of evolution, because while he was not the first to suggest such a mechanism, his book and its exhaustive studies made the information widely available. English scientist, naturalist, and geologist CHARLES DARWIN (1809-1882) revolutionized science, especially biology, with his theory of evolution through natural selection. As a passenger aboard the Beagle, Darwin became intrigued by the existence of different species in different geographical locations, which aided in the development of his theory. In addition to The Origin of Species, he is also remembered for The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex and The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals. |
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Стр. 11
... ranked by some competent judges as mere varieties , and by other competent judges as the descendants of aboriginally distinct species . If any marked distinction . existed between domestic races and species , this source of doubt could ...
... ranked by some competent judges as mere varieties , and by other competent judges as the descendants of aboriginally distinct species . If any marked distinction . existed between domestic races and species , this source of doubt could ...
Стр. 15
... ranked by him as well - defined species . Moreover , I do not believe that any ornithologist would place the English carrier , the short - faced tumbler , the runt , the barb , pouter , and fantail in the same genus ; more especially as ...
... ranked by him as well - defined species . Moreover , I do not believe that any ornithologist would place the English carrier , the short - faced tumbler , the runt , the barb , pouter , and fantail in the same genus ; more especially as ...
Стр. 23
... ranked at their first appearance as distinct varieties , and whether or not two or more species or races have become blended together by crossing , may plainly be recognised in the increased size and beauty which we now see in the ...
... ranked at their first appearance as distinct varieties , and whether or not two or more species or races have become blended together by crossing , may plainly be recognised in the increased size and beauty which we now see in the ...
Стр. 31
... ranked as a variety of another , not because the intermediate links have actually been found , but because analogy leads the observer to suppose either that they do now somewhere exist , or may formerly have existed ; and here a wide ...
... ranked as a variety of another , not because the intermediate links have actually been found , but because analogy leads the observer to suppose either that they do now somewhere exist , or may formerly have existed ; and here a wide ...
Стр. 32
... ranked as distinct species by many entomologists . Even Ireland has a few animals , now generally regarded as varieties , but which have been ranked as species by some zoologists . Several most experienced ornithologists consider our ...
... ranked as distinct species by many entomologists . Even Ireland has a few animals , now generally regarded as varieties , but which have been ranked as species by some zoologists . Several most experienced ornithologists consider our ...
Содержание
1 | |
29 | |
39 | |
51 | |
CHAPTER V | 83 |
CHAPTER VI | 108 |
CHAPTER VII | 131 |
CHAPTER VIII | 155 |
CHAPTER IX | 176 |
CHAPTER X | 196 |
CHAPTER XI | 217 |
CHAPTER XII | 240 |
CHAPTER XIII | 258 |
CHAPTER XIV | 288 |
INDEX 308318 | 308 |
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On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection: Or The ..., Том 2 Charles Darwin Полный просмотр - 1888 |
Часто встречающиеся слова и выражения
accumulated adapted affinities allied species America amount ancient animals appear archipelago become bees believe birds breeds cause cells characters cirripedes climate closely allied colour common parent continuous crossed crustaceans degree difficulty distinct species disuse divergence domestic doubt embryo endemic Europe existing exterminated extinct extremely facts favourable fertility flowers formations forms fossil Gärtner genera genus geological geological period Glacial period greater number groups of species habits Hence hermaphrodites hybrids hybrids produced important individuals inhabitants inherited insects instance instincts intercrossing intermediate larvæ less living male mammals manner Marsupials migration modification modified descendants natural selection naturalists nearly nest occasional oceanic islands offspring organisation paleozoic perfect pigeons plants pollen present principle probably produced progenitor ranked reciprocal crosses remarked resemblance rock-pigeon seeds sexual selection Silurian slight South America sterility structure struggle successive supposed tend theory tion trees variability variation varieties vary whole widely
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Стр. 127 - If it could be proved that any part of the structure of any one species had been formed for the exclusive good of another species, it would annihilate my theory, for such could not have been produced through natural selection.
Стр. 120 - If it could be demonstrated that any complex organ existed, which could not possibly have been formed by numerous, successive, slight modifications, my theory would absolutely break down.
Стр. 2 - When on board HMS Beagle, as naturalist, I was much struck with certain facts in the distribution of the organic beings inhabiting South America, and in the geological relations of the present to the past inhabitants of that continent.
Стр. 83 - The limbs divided into great branches, and these into lesser and lesser branches, were themselves once, when the tree was...
Стр. 48 - Battle within battle must ever be recurring with varying success ; and yet in the longrun the forces are so nicely balanced, that the face of nature remains uniform for long periods of time, though assuredly the merest trine would often give the victory to one organic being over another.
Стр. 45 - The action of climate seems at first sight to be quite independent of the struggle for existence ; but in so far as climate chiefly acts in reducing food, it brings on the most severe struggle between the individuals, whether of the same or of distinct species, which subsist on the same kind of food.
Стр. 50 - ... which it comes into competition for food or residence, or from which it has to escape, or on which it preys. This is obvious in the structure of the teeth and talons of the tiger ; and in that of the legs and claws of the parasite which clings to the hair on the tiger's body. But in the beautifully plumed seed of the dandelion, and in the flattened and fringed legs of the water-beetle, the relation seems at first confined to the elements of air and water.
Стр. 179 - He who can read Sir Charles Lyell's grand work on the Principles of Geology, which the future historian will recognize as having produced a revolution in natural science, and yet does not admit how vast have been the past periods of time, may at once close this volume.