The above does not simply comprehend the claims of the podoroshnaia, but likewise the drivers, the watering, greasing the wheels of the carriages, and all the little et ceteras of travelling; so that if we consider that we had always eight horses, and for about half the way fifteen, with five men acting as postillions and drivers, the above sum, (between forty-two and forty-three pounds,) will appear very small-not, indeed, more than the postillions and turnpikes alone would have cost in England. This information may be useful to travellers on such grounds as those of the Prince of Peace! Not only is the travelling cheap, but unaccompanied by any delays; neither had we any occasion to make use of our letters from Prince Galitzin; for the horses were forthcoming, and there was often a contention among the men for supplying them, which they decided by lots, and if more were required than the man had, to whom the lot fell, he generally drew lots with some other. The drivers, after driving thirty or even thirty-eight versts, were exceedingly well pleased with a coin in value about fourpence sterling.

In consequence of travelling uninterruptedly, and taking nearly the whole of our provisions with us, we expended very little on the road, which would come under the head " living and sundries," I shall, therefore, omit that head, placing under the other head such trifling expenses as we did actually incur.

For the journey from Mozdok to Teflis, we made a different arrangement, and hired horses, or rather agreed with a man to take us thither for 350 monets, or roubles-1400.

This includes every expense except the living of our party, but when contrasted with the past, it will appear enormously expensive. From Astrakhan to Mozdok, a distance of 529 versts, we paid, including expenses on the road, only 436 roubles-whereas our journey