soever they were of, wore their hair long enough to cover their ears; and the ministers and many others cut it close round their heads, with so many little peaks, as was something ridiculous to behold. From this custom of wearing their hair, that name of Round-head became the scornful term given to the whole Parliament party; whose army indeed marched out so, but as if they had been only sent out till their hair was grown: two or three years after, any stranger that had seen them, would have enquired the reason of that name. It was very ill applied to Mr. Hutchinson, who having naturally a very fine thick-set head of hair, kept it clean and handsome, so that it was a great ornament to him, although the godly of those days, when he embraced their party, would not allow him to be religious, because his hair was not in their cut, nor his words in their phrase, nor such little formalities altogether fitted to their humour, who were, many of them, so weak as to esteem rather for such insignificant circumstances, than for solid wisdom, piety, and courage, which brought real aid and honour to their party. But as Mr. Hutchinson chose not them, but the God they served, and the truth and righteousness they defended, so did not their weakness, censure, ingratitude, and discouraging behaviour, with which he was abundantly exercised all his life, make him forsake them in any thing wherein they adhered to just and honourable principles or practices; but when they apostatized from these, none cast them off with greater indignation, how shining soever the profession were, that gilt, not a temple of living grace, but a tomb, which only led the carcass of religion.

"When he found the powder gone, and saw the soldiers taking up quarters in the town, and heard their threats and revilings, he went to his father's house in the town, where he had not been long, but an uncivil fellow stepped into the house, with a carabine in his hand. Mr. Hutchinson asked what he would have; the man replied he came to take possession of the house;

Mr. Hutchinson told him, he had possession of it, and would know on what right it was demanded from him; the man said he came to quarter the general there; Mr. Hutchinson told him, except his father, mother, and their children were turned out of doors, there was no room; the quarter-master upon this growing insolent, Mr., Hutchinson thrust him out of the house, and shut the doors upon him. Immediately my lord of Lindsey came himself in a great rage, and asked who it was that denied him quarter. Mr. Hutchinson told him, he that came to take it up for him, deserved the usage he had for his uncivil demeanour; and those who had quartered his lordship there, had much abused him, the house being in no ways fit to receive a person of his quality; which, if he pleased to take a view of it, he would soon perceive; whereupon my lord, having seen the rooms, was very angry they made no better provision for him, and would not have lain in the house; but they told him the town was so full, it was impossible to get him room any where else. Hereupon he told Mr. Hutchinson, if they would allow him one room, he would have no more; and when he came upon terms of civility, Mr. Hutchinson was civil to him, and my lord only employed one room, staying there with all civility to those that were in the house. As soon as my lord was gone, Mr. Hutchinson was informed by a friend, that the man he had turned out of doors, was the quarter-master general, who upon his complaint had procured a warrant to seize his person; whereupon Mr. Hutchinson, with his brother, went immediately home to his own house at Owthorpe. About four or five days after, a troop of cavaliers, under the command of Sir Lewis Dives, came to Stanton, near Owthorpe, and searched Mr. Needham's house, who was a noted Puritan in those days, and a colonel in the Parliament's service, and governor of Leicester: they found not him, for he hid himself in the gorse, and so escaped them, his house being lightly plundered, and they went to Hickling, and plundered another Puritan house there, and were coming

for arms and plate, of which, finding none, they too thing else.

"Two days after Mr. Hutchinson was in Leicesters he sent for his wife to come thither to him, where had not been a day, but a letter was brought him Nottingham, to give him notice that there was a wa sent to the sheriff of Leicestershire to seize his per Upon this he determined to go the next day into N amptonshire; but at five in that evening, the soun their trumpets told him a troop was coming into the to he stayed not to see them, but went out at the other en they came in; who by a good providence for his wife, so what afflicted to be left alone in a strange place, prove be commanded by her own brother, Sir Allen Apsley, quartered in the next house to that in which she A fearful picture of the miseries of civil war, when thers and sisters thus meet in opposing parties.

Thus impossible had it now become for any one to main at peace in his family. Chased from county county, and compelled to hide himself from his enem while his family were left to the mercy of the soldi who might choose to visit his house, it is not surpris that, however well disposed to peace, Mr. Hutchin should accept a command in the Parliament army, w shortly after this it was determined to fortify the to of Nottingham against the king. On this occasion I Hutchinson sent a troop of horse by night, for they w not strong enough to venture by day, to fetch his w and children into Nottingham for security.

Once engaged in a cause he believed to be that of re gion and justice, Colonel Hutchinson was not of a ch racter to pursue it with indifference, though at that tin a dangerous and almost hopeless cause, "Though

knew all this,” adds his lady, “he was so well persuaded in his conscience, of the cause, and of God's calling him to undertake the defence of it, that he cast by all other considerations, and cheerfully resigned up his life, and all other particular interests, to God's dispose, though in all human probability, he was more like to lose than to save them."

So indeed it must at that time have appeared to every reasonable being. It is sufficient to read Mrs. Hutchinson's account of the manner in which the Parliament party conducted themselves at Nottingham, to grow perfectly amazed that an established government and an hereditary monarch, could be subverted and destroyed by such an unstable and ill-disciplined party; ready at every moment to risk their cause to gratify their private animosities, and more anxious to ruin each other than their foes. Had Charles not been the most impolitic of princes, humanly speaking, it could surely never so have ended.

Mrs. Hutchinson, removed to Nottingham Castle with her children, had to suffer all the dangers and miseries of war, with the necessary deprivation of every comfort of domestic life. But in her interesting memoirs of her husband, she scarcely ever names herself, nor once gives expression to the feelings such a situation must naturally excite in the bosom of a female accustomed to prosperity, and never before subjected to danger or deprivation. Except when mentioning her employment in dressing the wounds of soldiers and attending the sick prisoners, she scarcely mentions herself during her residence in the castle.

The Castle of Nottingham, of which Colonel Hutchinson was appointed governor, to hold it for the Parliament against the king, is built upon a steep rock at the end of the town, capable of being strongly fortified, but at that time in a very ruinous condition. The governor repaired it as well he could, and invited all who feared to remain in the town to come into the castle for safety, or to secure their goods-for the town had

but small defence, and most of the inhabitants were for the king, or too dishonest to be trusted by those they pretended to favour. In this fearful situation Colonel Hutchinson and his family were for a long time placed, with three or four hundred other persons, daily expecting the arrival of the king's army, against which they could scarcely hope long to defend themselves, in a place so ill fortified; whence, as the governor warned his soldiers, they might be shortly destined to behold their houses in flames, perhaps be themselves forced to fire on them, their property plundered and destroyed, themselves perhaps starving, and with very little hope of being relieved at last. To all these dangers was added that of sedition and treachery within-the worthless opposing the governor because he controlled their vices, the ambitious, because he was placed above them, and the honest Puritan, because he was more of a gentleman than they thought a godly man ought to be.

Meantime Colonel Hutchinson was obliged to part from his property, and embarrass himself with debts to maintain himself and his soldiers, and those that were with him in the castle-the Parliament forces very seldom getting any pay, but when they could seize upon the money or estates of some neighbouring cavaliers-so the king's party were termed. While thus perilously situated himself, the enemy ravaged his estates, imprisoned his tenants, and defaced his habitation. This was but the common fate of all in those wretched times-but while most remunerated themselves by taking property wherever they could find it, and used their profession of zeal for what they called the house of God and religion, as a pretext to waste and destroy, Colonel Hutchinson, honest in his purposes and really devoted in heart, while he joined their cause abhorred their conduct, and therefore on all sides was compelled to suffer. Mrs. Hutchinson says, "when he undertook this engagement, it was for the defence of his country's and God's cause, and he offered himself and all he had, a willing sacrifice in the