we would avoid becoming once more the victims of wild delusions. There is but one logical result of Mr. Gladstone's Irish policy; there is but one end to which it can conduct us. For that end the Radical party is trying gradually to prepare the nation, by throwing out suggestions of Separation, and by urging that our first duty is not to 'govern' but to satisfy' Ireland. It is true that Mr. Chamberlain professes himself desirous of preserving the Union; but is there any one, even in Birmingham, so credulous as to attach the slightest value to Mr. Chamberlain's professions? During the last few months, we have frequently heard from Radical sources of the necessity of a ' reconstitution of the whole system of government in Ireland,' and of the duty which presses upon us to yield to the true 'national spirit' of the people-a spirit which is by no means expressed by Mr. Butt's antiquated ideas of 'Home Rule.' Mr. Disraeli, speaking at Glasgow in 1873, said "I should not be at all surprised if the visor of Home Rule should fall off some day, and beheld a very you different countenance.' We are now able to see the countenance without the visor, and the governing party of the day is doing its utmost to accustom us to its aspect. More than one Radical speaker has prepared the way, by endeavouring to convince the country that the independence of Ireland would be a gain to the rest of the United Kingdom. Mr. Parnell publicly stated that one of the highest of the Cabinet Ministers' had admitted that, if Ireland persisted in maintaining an irreconcilable attitude, England would have to yield her the rights of self-government. Mr. Gladstone knows as well as any man what is meant by the 'rights of self-government' as applied to Ireland, and the very reasons which are sufficient, in his own eyes, to justify him in handing over any portion of the property of landlords to the tenants would also lead him, if he followed those reasons out, to grant the last demand of the agitators. The existence of disorder, he has contended, is a conclusive proof of the existence of grievances which no free people ought to endure. Now the greatest of all Irish grievances, the one which has the power to stir to their depths the darkest passions and the most implacable animosities of vast numbers of the Irish people, is the continued subjection of their country to England. It is in the hope of breaking that bond asunder, that Irishmen are so often willing to face the gaol and if need be, the scaffold; to give up home, friends, and even life itself. Though they may be exiles from their native land, this hope never dies

*Speech at Derry, August 30th, 1881.

within them, and hence the strength of the various organizations in the new Ireland which has grown up on the other side of the Atlantic. There are more Irish in New York than in Dublin, and there is not a man or a woman of their number who would not give up the last shilling to free their country from the yoke of England. This is the plain and simple truth; denying it will not alter it, or enable us to cope with it wisely and successfully. If the theory upon which Mr. Gladstone has based his entire Irish policy is henceforth to be our guide, how can he or his party refrain from dealing in the same way with this grievance, which towers high above all the rest? Mr. Gladstone might shrink from proposing a dissolution of the Union now; so he once did from proposing the disestablishment of the Irish Church. In 1865 he declared that the question of the Irish Establishment was remote,' and 'apparently out of all bearing upon the practical politics of the day.' He never expected to be called on to share' in any measure affecting it.* Three years afterwards he came forward, as was said at the time, 'from ambush,' and destroyed the Irish Church. In 1870, he declared that he was opposed to what was called 'perpetuity of tenure,' and to endowing the tenant with a 'joint property in the soil.' We put aside,' he said, 'everything that promised, or seemed to promise, fixity of tenure, and anything in the way of what may be described as the valuation of rents."† In 1880 he contended that these concessions were the very least that could be made to the Irish occupiers. At the same rate of progress in the future, how long will it be before Mr. Gladstone undergoes another change of conviction, and comes before the nation with a calm admission that we are again within' measurable distance' of civil war, and can be saved only by Home Rule? It can never be said that we were not warned in time. We have seen one healing measure' after another sunk in the bottomless pit of Irish discontent; we have seen that each of Mr. Gladstone's concessions, unwisely chosen and untimely made, has served but to set Ireland at our throats with a deadlier hatred than ever. Of one thing, and of one only, may the people of this country rest assured amid the chaos that prevails. around them—if they continue to sanction legislation for Ireland upon the destructive principles pursued by Mr. Gladstone ever since 1868, they will eventually be compelled either to let Ireland

Quoted from a letter of Mr. Gladstone's by Mr. Hardy, in the House of Commons, and in Mr. Gladstone's presence - March 31st, 1868 (Times,' April 1st).

† Speech on the Irish Land Bill of 1870. (19th May, 1870.)

go,

go, or to wage a bloody war to keep her-to that complexion must they come at last.

This is the work which Mr. Gladstone has to look upon now that he is about to meet Parliament once more. Although it is a Parliament which trembles at his nod, it may not be altogether without some touch of anxiety that he perceives the approach of the moment when he must explain the most stupendous failure in legislation which is recorded in the history of any nation. He has been long in public life, and a species of instinct must tell him that the day of reckoning cannot be far off. His followers boast loudly, that the nation is not now in the position in which it was when Mr. Gladstone took charge of its destinies. Nothing can be more true. We had secured ourselves against any further advance of Russia towards India, we were on terms of prudent and advantageous friendship with Germany and Austria, and we had provided against renewed encroachments upon Turkey-not because we loved Turkish rule, but because our own interests demanded that the Sultan's place in Europe should not be ceded to the Czar. Ireland was not then, as she is now, steeped in anarchy; hundreds of homes were then in comfort, which are now filled with darkness and desolation; the blood of Lord Montmorres, and of the long train of victims who followed him, was not then crying from the ground. All this has been the work of less than two short years. What, then, may we not look for, if four years more of office are granted to the author of the policy which has plunged the nation into almost unexampled difficulties, which has brought revolution to our very doors, and which threatens to give us Ireland to conquer again, or to render her free of our rule for ever?

ART.

THE

QUARTERLY REVIEW.

ART. I.-I. The New Testament in the Original Greek. The Text revised by Brooke Foss Westcott, D.D., and Fenton John Anthony Hort, D.D. Text, Introduction, Appendix. 2 vols. London, 1881.

11.-1. A Supplement to the Authorized English Version of the New Testament: being a Critical Illustration of its more difficult passages from the Syriac, Latin and earlier English Versions, with an Introduction. By the Rev. Frederick Henry Scrivener, M.A., of Trinity College, Cambridge, Assistant Master of the King's School, Sherborne. (Pp. 331.) London, 1845. Vol. i. [all published].

2. A full and exact Collation of about Twenty Greek Manuscripts of the Holy Gospels (hitherto unexamined), deposited in the British Museum, the Archiepiscopal Library at Lambeth, &c., with a Critical Introduction. By the Rev. Frederick Henry Scrivener, M.A., of Trinity College, Perpetual Curate of Penwerris, Cornwall, and Head Master of Falmouth School. (Pp. lxxiv and 178.) Cambridge, 1853.

3. An exact Transcript of the Codex Augiensis, a Græco-Latin Manuscript of S. Paul's Epistles, deposited in the Library of Trinity College, Cambridge; to which is added a full Collation of Fifty Manuscripts, containing various portions of the Greek New Testament, in the Libraries of Cambridge, Parham, Leicester, Oxford, Lambeth, the British Museum, &c. With a Critical Introduction by the Rev. Frederick Henry Scrivener, M.A., late Scholar of Trinity College, Cambridge, Perpetual Curate of Penwerris, Falmouth. (Pp. lxxx and 563.) Cambridge, 1859.

4. Η ΚΑΙΝΗ ΔΙΑΘΗΚΗ. Novum Testamentum Textûs Stephanici, A.D. 1550. Accedunt variæ Lectiones Editionum Beza, Elzeviri, Lachmanni, Tischendorfii, Tregellesii. Curante F. H. A. Scrivener, A.M., D.C.L., LL.D. [1860.] Editio auctior et emendatior. Cantabrigiæ, 1877.

Vol. 153.-No. 306.

Y

5. A plain

5. A plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament, for the use of Biblical Students. By Frederick Henry Scrivener, M.A., LL.D., of Trinity College, Cambridge, Rector of St. Gerrans, Cornwall. [1861.] 2nd Edition, thoroughly revised, enlarged, and brought down to the present date. 8vo. (Pp. 607.) Cambridge and London, 1874. [The Third Edition is in the Press.

6. A full Collation of the Codex Sinaiticus with the Received Text of the New Testament. To which is prefixed a Critical Introduction by Frederick H. Scrivener, M.A., Rector of St. Gerrans, Cornwall. [1863.] 2nd Edition, revised. (Pp. lxxii and 163.) Cambridge, 1867.

7. Beza Codex Cantabrigiensis: being an exact Copy, in ordinary Type, of the celebrated Uncial Græco-Latin Manuscript of the Four Gospels and Acts of the Apostles, written early in the Sixth Century, and presented to the University of Cambridge by Theodore Beza, A.D. 1581. Edited, with a Critical Introduction, Annotations, and Facsimiles, by Frederick H. Scrivener, M.A., Rector of S. Gerrans, Cornwall. (Pp. lxiv and 453.) Cambridge, 1864.

8. The Cambridge Paragraph Bible of the Authorized English Version with the Text revised by a collation of its early and other Principal Editions, the use of the Italic type made uniform, the Marginal References remodelled, and a Critical Introduction prefixed by the Rev. F. H. [A.] Scrivener, M.A., LL.D., Rector of St. Gerrans, Editor of the Greek Testament, Codex Augiensis, &c., one of the New Testament Company of Revisers of the Authorized Version. Edited for the Syndics of the University Press. Part i. Genesis to Solomon's Song, 1870. Part ii. Apocrypha and New Testament, 1870. Part iii. General Introduction and Isaiah to Malachi, 1873. Cambridge, at the University Press.

9. Six Lectures on the Text of the N. T. and the Ancient MSS. which contain it, chiefly addressed to those who do not read Greek. By F. H. Scrivener, M.A., LL.D., Rector of Gerrans, (Pp. i-x and 1-216.) London, 1875.

10. The New Testament in the Original Greek, according to the Text followed in the Authorized Version, together with the Variations adopted in the Revised Version. Edited for the Syndics of the Cambridge University Press, by F. H. A. Scrivener, M.A., D.C.L., LL.D., Prebendary of Exeter and Vicar of Hendon. Cambridge, 1881.

PROPY

ROPOSING to ourselves (May 17th, 1881) to enquire into the merits of the recent Revision of the Authorized Version of the New Testament Scriptures, we speedily became

aware