PaleobiogeographySpringer Science & Business Media, 31 мая 2000 г. - Всего страниц: 208 Biogeography relates the evolution of the Earth's biota to major episodes in the Earth's history such as climatic changes and plate tectonic events. Furthermore, biogeographic patterns have played a prominent role in the development of the theory of evolution. Thus biogeography has the potential to make important contributions to the field of geobiology. Paleobiogeography emphasizes how analytical techniques from phylogenetic biogeography can be applied to the study of patterns in the fossil record. In doing this, it considers the strengths and weaknesses of paleobiogeographic data, the effects of plate tectonic processes (specifically continental rifting and collision) and changes in relative sea levels in terms of how they influence the evolution and distribution of organisms. |
Содержание
What Is Paleobiogeography? | 1 |
The Relevance of Hierarchy Theory to Biogeography and Paleobiogeography | 5 |
22 The Genealogical and Economic Hierarchies | 7 |
23 Hierarchies and Evolution | 11 |
241 Biogeographic Patterns in the Genealogical Hierarchy | 14 |
242 Biogeographic Patterns in the Economic Hierarchy | 16 |
25 Climate Change and Biogeographic Patterns | 17 |
26 Geological Change and Biogeographic Patterns over Even Longer Timescales | 21 |
Defining Areas in Paleobiogeography | 93 |
Ontology and Epistemology | 95 |
73 The Individuality of Species | 98 |
74 Translating the Debate about Species to the Debate about the Nature or Ontology of Areas | 99 |
75 The Epistemology of Areas | 102 |
76 Conclusions | 106 |
Biogeography and the Comparative Method | 109 |
82 Phylogenetics and Biogeography | 112 |
27 Mass Extinctions and Biogeography | 26 |
28 Conclusions | 27 |
On the Quality of the Fossil Record and What a Paleobiogeographer Can See | 29 |
32 Taphonomic Studies | 30 |
33 Area and Volume of Sediments | 31 |
34 Phylogenetic Studies | 32 |
35 Confidence Intervals on Stratigraphic Ranges | 33 |
37 Conclusions | 35 |
The History of Biogeography and Paleobiogeography | 37 |
42 Preevolutionary Biogeographic Views | 38 |
43 Evolutionary Biogeography | 48 |
44 The Role of Isolation as a Mechanism of Speciation and Biogeographic Differentiation | 61 |
45 Conclusions | 62 |
Allopatric Speciation and Vicariance | 63 |
52 The Relevance of Allopatric Speciation to Historical Biogeography | 64 |
53 Comparing Sympatric and Allopatric Speciation | 67 |
55 Why Speciation Is Especially Important in Paleobiogeography? | 68 |
56 The Relationship among Allopatric Speciation Punctuated Equilibrium and Dispersal | 69 |
57 Conclusions | 71 |
Vicariance Dispersal and Plate Tectonics | 73 |
62 Dispersion and Dispersal | 74 |
63 Traditional Dispersal | 75 |
Geodispersal | 76 |
65 Historical Framework on the Concept of Geodispersal | 79 |
66 Integrating Vicariance and Geodispersal with Plate Tectonics | 84 |
General Perspective | 87 |
68 Limits of Resolution in the Fossil Record Our Ability to Identify Paleobiogeographic Patterns and Conclusions | 89 |
the Problem of Ancestors | 114 |
84 Quantitative Approaches to Reconstruct the Historical Biogeography of Individual Clades | 117 |
85 Areas as Binary Characters | 123 |
86 DispersalVicariance Analysis | 124 |
87 Conclusions | 125 |
The Search for Congruence Analyzing Biogeographic Patterns in Several Clades | 127 |
92 Potential Sources of Noise in Paleobiogeographlc Studies | 128 |
93 Extinct Taxa and the Difference between Biogeography and Paleobiogeography | 131 |
94 Additional Basic Assumptions of any Biogeographic Study | 134 |
96 Phenetic Approaches to Biogeographic Analysis | 136 |
97 Probabilistic Approaches to Biogeographic Analysis | 138 |
99 Arguments about Using Parsimony Algorithms in Biogeography | 155 |
910 Other Criticisms of Brooks Parsimony Analysis that Are No Longer Valid | 157 |
911 Parsimony Analysis of Endemicity | 159 |
913 Paleobiogeographic Studies Using Phylogenetic Approaches and the Modified Version of Brooks Parsimony Analysis | 160 |
914 Further Issues in Cladistic Biogeography that Need to be Explored | 173 |
915 Conclusions | 175 |
Biogeography and the Biodiversity Crisis | 177 |
Geodispersal and Merging Areas of Endemism | 178 |
the Late Devonian Mass Extinction | 179 |
Destroying Areas of Endemism | 180 |
More Lessons from the Recent Past | 181 |
107 Conclusions | 182 |
Conclusions | 185 |
| 191 | |
| 205 | |
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allopatric speciation analytical ancestral nodes approach area cladogram areas of endemism argued Armorica biodiversity crisis biogeo biogeographic analysis biogeographic patterns biogeographic studies biological biota Brooks and McLennan Brown and Lomolino Chapter characters clades cladistic climatic changes common descent components analysis congruent continents Darwin Devonian discussed diversity Earth history events ecological economic hierarchy ecosystems entities episodes evolutionary biology evolutionary change evolutionary relationships evolved faunas fossil record genealogical hierarchy geodispersal geodispersal tree geographic barriers geographic distribution geographic ranges geological change geological or climatic geological processes Illinois Basin important influence biogeographic patterns invasive species isolation Lieberman and Eldredge Lyell marine mass extinction Mayr Michigan Basin Nelson North America occur ontology paleobiogeographic paleobiogeographic patterns perspective phylogenetic phylogenetic analysis plate tectonics Platnick populations potentially problem range expansion role sea level separated shared sympatric speciation taxa taxon techniques tectonic events timescales traditional dispersal trilobites types vicariance and geodispersal vicariance tree Vrba Wallace
Ссылки на эту книгу
Fossils, Phylogeny, and Form: An Analytical Approach Jonathan M. Adrain,Gregory D. Edgecombe,Bruce S. Lieberman Ограниченный просмотр - 2002 |