proceed to his post. of the harbor on the

The steamer Star of the West was signalled at the entrance morning of the 9th. She displayed the United States flag, but was fired into, repeatedly, from Morris' Island battery. Her course was then altered, and she again put out to sea.

A formidable floating battery, constructed and manned at Charleston, was taken out of dock on the evening of the 10th, and anchored in a cove near Sullivan's Island. About seven thousand troops now crowded the earthworks and forts, under command of General G. T. Beauregard. The report that a fleet lay off the bay, waiting for a favorable tide to enter the harbor and relieve the fort, caused the greatest excitement in Charleston.

On the afternoon of April 11th, Colonel Chestnut and Major Lee, aids to General Beauregard, conveyed to Fort Sumter the demand that Major Anderson should evacuate that fort. Major Anderson refused to accede to the demand. On being waited on by a second deputation (April 12, 1 A. M.), desiring him to state what time he would evacuate, and to stipulate not to fire upon the batteries in the mean time, Major Anderson replied that he would evacuate at the noon of the 15th, if not previously otherwise ordered, or not supplied, and that he would not in the meanwhile open his fire unless compelled by some hostile act against his fort or the flag of his government. At 3.30 A. M., the officers who received this answer notified Major Anderson that the batteries under command of General Beauregard, would open on Fort Sumter in one hour, and immediately left. The sentinels on Sumter were then ordered in from the parapets, the posterns closed, and the men directed not to leave the bomb-proofs until summoned by the drum. The garrison had but two days' rations.

At 4.30 Friday morning, fire was opened upon Fort Sumter from Fort Moultrie, and soon after from the batteries on Mount Pleasant and Cummings' Point, then from an unsuspected masked battery of heavy columbiads on Sullivan's Island. It soon became evident that no part of the beleagured fort was without the range of the enemy's guns. A rim of scarlet fire encircled it. Meanwhile the undaunted little band of seventy true men, took breakfast quietly at the regular hour, reserving their fire until 7 A. M., when they opened their lower tier of guns upon Fort Moultrie, the iron battery on Cummings' Point, the two works on Sullivan's Island, and the floating battery, simultaneously. When the first relief went to work, the enthusiasm of the men was so great that the second and third reliefs could not be kept from the guns. The rebel iron battery was of immense strength, and our balls glanced from it like hail-stones. Fort Moultrie, however, stood the cannonading badly, a great many of our shells taking effect in the embrasures. Shells from every point burst against the various walls of Sumter, and the fire upon the parapet became so terrific that Major Anderson refused to allow the men to work the barbette guns. There were no cartridge

bags, and the men were set to making them out of shirts. Fire broke out in the barracks three times, and was extinguished. Meals were served at the guns. At 6 P. M. the fire from Sumter ceased. Fire was kept up by the enemy during the night, at intervals of twenty-five minutes.

At daybreak the following morning the bombardment recommenced. Fort Sumter resumed operations at 7 A. M. An hour afterward the officers' quarters took fire from a shell, and it was necessary to detach nearly all the men from the guns to stop the conflagration. Shells from Moultrie and Morris' Island now fell faster than ever. The effect of the enemy's shot, on the officers' quarters in particular, was terrible. One tower was so completely demolished that not one brick was left standing upon another. The main gates were blown away, and the walls. considerably weakened. Fearful that they might crack, and a shell pierce the magazine, ninety-six barrels of powder were emptied into the sea; finally the magazine had to be closed; the material for cartridges was exhausted, and the garrison was left destitute of any means to continue the contest. The men had caten the last biscuit thirty-six hours before. They were nearly stifled by the dense, livid smoke from the burning buildings, lying prostrate on the ground with wet handkerchiefs over their mouths and eyes. The crashing of the shot, the bursting of the shells, the falling of the masonry, and the mad roaring of the flames, made a pandemonium of the place. Strangely enough, but four men had been injured, thus far, and those only slightly.

Toward the close of the day, ex-Senator Wigfall suddenly made his appearance at an embrasure with a white handkerchief on the point of a sword, and begged to see Major Anderson, asserting that he came from General Beauregard. "Well, sir!" said Major Anderson, confronting him.

General Wigfall, in an excited manner, then demanded to know on what terms Major Anderson would evacuate the position. The major informed him. that General Beauregard was already advised of the terms. "Then, sir,” said Wigfall, "the fort is ours." "On those conditions," replied Major Anderson. During this interview the firing from Moultrie and Sullivan's Island had not ceased, though General Wigfall timidly displayed a white flag at an embrasure facing the batteries. Wigfall retired.

A short time afterward a deputation, consisting of Senator Chestnut, Roger A. Pryor, and two others, came from General Beauregard, and had an interview with Major Anderson: it then turned out that the officious Wigfall had "acted on his own hook," without any authority whatever from his commanding general. After a protracted consultation and a second deputation, Major Anderson agreed to evacuate Fort Sumter the next day. This was Saturday evening. That night the garrison took what rest it could. Next morning the Isabel an

chored near the fort to receive the gallant little band. The terms of evacuation

were that the garrison should take all its individual and company property; that they should march out with their side and other arms with all the honors, in their own way, and at their own time; that they should salute their flag and take it with them.

With their tattered flag flying, and the band playing national airs, these seventy heroes marched out of Fort Sumter.. Seventy to seven thousand!

Major Anderson's heroic conduct had drawn all loyal hearts toward him, and it was the wish of the country that he should immediately be invested with some important command. He was made a brigadier-general, and sent to Kentucky to superintend the raising of troops in that state. But the terrible ordeal through which he had just passed, and the results of hardships undergone in Mexico, unfitted him for active duty. Since then, General Anderson has resided in New York City.

A tall, elderly gentleman in undress uniform, leading a little child by the hand, is often seen passing slowly along Broadway. His fine, intellectual face is the index to the genuine goodness and nobility of his heart. Though men of noisier name meet you at each corner, your eyes follow pleasantly after this one -Robert Anderson.

TH

THEODORE WINTHROP.

HEODORE WINTHROP, who fell in the battle of Great Bethel, Virginia, June 10th, 1861, was born in New Haven, Connecticut, September 21st, 1828. He was a lineal descendant of the first John Winthrop, who in 1630 led out from England one of the noblest of the many Puritan colonies, and became himself governor of the commonwealth of Massachusetts. In the next generation we find the second John Winthrop joining the Connecticut colony, soon raised to its chief magistracy, and in 1665 procuring for her from the crown that charter of privileges which became the herald and nurse of her future independence, and which, in 1688, she held against the threats and baits of the throne and its royal representative. Thus Winthrop died to maintain the rights now and ever supported by his ancestors. It was then the colony against the founder. It is now the country against the state. The one was a protest of a mature daughter against a false and cruel mother: the other is a protest of the head and heart and soul against the hand or foot which would be separated from the nourishing body of which it is a living member. Later still the family furnished yet another governor, and have in every succeeding generation shared her protection and dignities.

Major Winthrop's father was Francis Bayard Winthrop, a gentleman of wealth and education, who was graduated from Yale College in 1804, and died at his residence in New Haven in 1841. His mother is a grand-daughter of President Dwight, and a sister of President Wolsey-the latter almost a synonym for scholarship, manners, and a Christianized Roman virtue. Thus Winthrop's very name is pervaded with New England virtues and memories-an aristocratic name, if one can bring himself to utter a term so fraught with meanness, pride, and tyranny, so hateful to a Christian republican; for, in spite of all levelling, social theories, blood is character. The Edwardses, the Dwights, the Wolseys, and the Winthrops, did meet in the antecedent blood of Theodore Winthrop, the soldier, and went to mould and inspire the future hero. We are each the resultant of past forces; and not only the looks and tones, the habits and traits of our fathers, but their spirit, their sentiment, and their "faith unfeigned," leave their invisible, silent deposits in our veins.

As a boy, Major Winthrop is described as fair and pale in feature, but not