'I bought it up at the order of 10 the archons.' 11 'In case,11 then, jurymen, he should prove that there is a law which bids the cornfactors to buy up the corn, if 11 the archons should order them, acquit12 him; if otherwise, you ought to convict 12 him; for we have shown 13 you the law which forbids any one in the city to buy up more corn than fifty measures. This accusation, then, jurymen, must needs be held to be proved, since the defendant confesses that he bought up the corn, while the law clearly 15 forbids it, and you have sworn that you will vote according to the laws. Nevertheless, in order that 16 you may be convinced 17 that they are telling falsehoods about 18 the archons, it is essential that I should speak more at length 19 concerning them. For, as the defendants imputed 20 the responsibility 21 to them, we summoned the archons and interrogated them. Two of the nine denied all knowledge of the matter; but Anytus said, that in the last winter but one,23 when corn was dear, as these fellows were outbidding 4 one another, he advised 25 them to desist from rivalry,26 believing that it was expedient for you who purchased from them, that they should buy at the lowest possible price, since they were bound to sell at a profit of 29 one obolus only. I will, therefore, place before 30 you 10 24 Kedevew, partic. gen. abs. ψηφίσασθαι — καταψηφίσασθαι. νομαι. 15 φαί 11* Av, with conjunctive. 12 Αποτ 16 "Iva, with conjunctive, 17 Пeiboμal, 1 aor. pass. conjunctive. a. 'De vel super.' 10 Μακρότερον. 22 Οἱ δύο. 23 Тоû πротéроν xeμavos. See JELF, Gr. Gr. § 577, obs. 1. Difference between accus. and gen. of Time. 24 Ὑπερβάλλειν, gen. abs. partic. pres. 25 Evμßovλeúw, 1 aor. act. opt. (oratio obliqua). 26 Piλoveikeiv, partic. pres. W. Gr. Gr. § 164. 27 Ως ἀξιώτατον. 28 Aeiv yap. The infinitive depends upon 'believing that,' acc. to the usual construction of the oratio obliqua.' JELF, Gr. Gr. § 889. 29' Dearer by? 30 Παρέχομαι. Anytus as a witness that he did not enjoin them to buy up the corn and store 31 it, but that he did counsel them not to bid against 32 one another.' 51 Κατατιθέναι, 2 aor. mid. 32 Αντωνεῖσθαι. XXVI. However,1 I do not believe that they will resort to this argument; but perhaps they will allege, as they did in the senate, that they bought up the corn with kind intentions towards the state, in order that they might sell it to you at the cheapest rate. But I will mention to you a very strong and very clear proof that they are telling falsehoods. For they ought, if they acted thus on your account, to be proved to have sold for several days at the same price,1o until11 the corn [they had] purchased failed 1o them; whereas,13 they sometimes 14 sold it on the same day 15 dearer by a drachm, like men purchasing by 16 the medimnus. I produce witnesses of these facts. Now, it seems to me monstrous that, whenever17 it is necessary to contribute to an extraordinary impost, 18 of which all men are sure 19 to be aware, they are reluctant, and make their poverty a pretext; and yet they declare, that they committed in good-will towards you those transgressions for which death is the penalty, and wherein it was their interest 20 to escape detection. However, you all know that it difference between the gen. and accus. of Time, see JELF, Gr. Gr. § 577, obs. I. 10 W. Gr. Gr. § 131, b. BUTTM. Gr. Gr. p. 382; JELF, § 840. 14 Ενίοτε. junctive. imperf. 16 Karà, 15 Genitive. 11 "Ews, with indicative. See 13 Δέ. 12 Ἐπιλείπειν. accus. 17 "Orav, with con19 Μέλλειν. 20 Συμφέρειν, little becomes these men to advance 21 such arguments; for their interests are contrary to those of others: 22 since they gain most, whenever,17 [in consequence of] some disaster having been announced to the state, they can sell their corn at a high price. And so gladly do they observe your reverses, that 23 they gain intelligence of 24 some before other men, while others they fabricate 25 themselves-that the fleet (for instance) in the Euxine 26 has been annihilated, or that it was seized by the Lacedæmonians [while] sailing out, or that the mercantile ports 27 have been closed, or that the treaties are about to be renounced.28 21 Ποιεῖσθαι. 22 Contrary things are expedient to them and to others,' 23 "QOTE, with indicative. This particle is construed with all tenses of the indicative, wherever any result is represented not as intended, but merely as a fact; with the infinitive, vice versa. See BUTTM. Gr. Gr. p. 385. 24 Πυνθάνομαι. 25 Λογοποιεῖν. 27 Εμπόρια. 23 Απορρηθήσεσθαι. 26 Πόντος. XXVII. 1 Certainly, superstition would appears to be cowardice in relation to what is supernatural;4 and the superstitious man to be a person who, after washing his hands and sprinkling himself with holy [water], and putting laurel into his mouth, walks about in this manner all day.9 If a weasel 10 should chance to11 cross the road, he stirreth not until 12 some one shall have passed by,13 or [until] he has thrown three stones across 14 the road. Should he happen11 1 Αμέλει. · Πρὸς 2 Δεισιδαιμονία. 3 Aок@, 1 aor. opt. with av. τὸ δαιμόνιον. 5 TOLOÛTÓS TIS, oios, with infin. of verb. N.B. In this passage the verbs governed by olos in this first sentence, are all in the infin. 6 'Aπovíπteiv, 1 aor. mid. partic. * Τὴν ἡμέραν. * Περιῤῥαίνω, 1 aor. mid. 10 Γαλή. 8 Από. partic. av, with conjunctive. W. Gr. Gr. § 177, b. conjunct. 14 "Yep, with genitive. 12 "Ews 11 'Eáv. 13 Διεξέρχομαι, 2 aor. to see a snake in his house, he instantly builds a temple on the spot.15 As he passes by,16 he pours oil from his flask 17 upon the smooth 18 stones; and after falling 19 on his knees and worshipping them, goes his way.20 If a 21 mouse should gnaw through a sack 22 of barley,23 he goes to' a wise man,'24 and asks what he ought to do; and if11 he should reply to him, that he ought to send it 25 to the currier 26 to stitch it up,27 he does not heed 28 this, but turns away and expiates the omen thoroughly.29 Whenever 30 he sees a vision in his sleep,31 he goes to the interpreters of dreams,32 to the seers, to the interpreters of birds,33 to enquires to what god or goddess he ought to pray. And when he is going to be initiated,35 he repairs every 36 month to the Hierophants 37 with his wife; and if his wife is engaged,38 with the nurse 39 and his children. 39 and his children. On seeing a madman or an epileptic 40 [patient], he shudders11 and spits. 15 Ενταῦθα. 16 Пapínμi, partic. pres. 17 Λήκυθος. 18 Λιπαρός. 19 Пíπтш, 2 aor. act. partic. 20 Απαλλάττεσθαι. 22 Θύλακος. τοδέψης. 23" 23 "Αλφιτα. 21 Διαφαγείν. 24 Εξηγητής. 25 Εκδοῦναι. 26 Σκυ 27 Επιῤῥάπτειν, 1 aor. 32 Ονειροκρίτης. 33 Ορνιθόσκοπος. 28 IIpoσéxew, with dative. 31 Ενύπνιον. conjunct. 34 'Epwrâv, fut. partic. act. 35 Teλeîv, 1 fut. pass. partic. 36 Karà, with accus. W. Gr. Gr. § 191,b. 37 Ορφεοτελεσταί. 41 Φρίσσειν. 38 Μὴ σχολάζειν. 30 Τίτθη. 40 Επίληπτος. XXVIII. It seemed to us, then, that it was impossible to learn all the sciences, and that the arts termed 'mechanical'1 were generally reprobated by states, because they appear to destroy the body, and enervate3 the mind. We said, too, that very clear proof of this would be established, if any 2 Συναποδοκιμάζειν. * Καταγνύω. · Βαναυσικός. 8 6 one, when an enemy was about to invade the country, were to set apart 5 the farmers and the artisans, and to question each separately, whether it was best to protect the country, or, resigning the land, to guard the citywalls. For, in such a case, we imagined that the agriculturists? would vote for the defence of 10 the country, while the artisans would vote not to fight, but to sit still,11 as they have been trained, neither labouring nor exposing themselves to peril. We also declared,12 that agriculture, from which men procure the necessaries of life, was the best employment and study 13 for a gentleman.14 For this occupation seemed very easy to learn and very pleasant to practise, and to render the body symmetrical and robust,15 and in the least degree 16 to entail. upon the mind want of leisure to take its share of interest in17 friends and in public affairs.18 Agriculture appeared to us, too, to encourage men to be brave, since it rears 19 the means of subsistence, and feeds its workmen, outside the fortifications [of cities]; and this mode of life 20 seems to be most honourable in the estimation of 21 states, because it appears to contribute the best and most loyal 22 citizens to the public service.23 Since both these things, both in-door and out-of-door occupations,1 require exertion2 and care, Providence,3 as it 1 Τά τε ἔνδον καὶ τὰ ἔξω. 2"Epya. H 3 Ο θεός. |