or obligation for the future payment of money in excess of such appropriations unless such contract or obligation is authorized by law. Nor shall any Department or officer of the Government accept voluntary service for the Government or employ personal service in excess of that authorized by law, except in cases of sudden emergency involving the loss of human life or the destruction of property. All appropriations made for contingent expenses or other general purposes, except appropriations made for the fulfilment of contract obligations expressly authorized by law, or for objects required or authorized by law without reference to the amounts annually appropriated therefor, shall, on or before the beginning of each fiscal year, be so apportioned by monthly or other allotments as to prevent undue expenditures in one portion of the year that may require deficiency or additional appropriations to complete the service of the fiscal year; and all such apportionments shall be adhered to except when waived or modified in specific cases by the written order of the head of the Executive Department or other Government establishment having control of the expenditure, but this provision shall not apply to the contingent appropriations of the Senate or House of Representatives; and all such waivers or modifications, together with the reasons therefor, shall be communicated to Congress in connection with estimates for any additional appropriations required on account thereof. Any person violating any provision of this section shall be summarily removed from office and may also be punished by a fine of not less than one hundred dollars or by imprisonment for not less than one month." (Approved March 3, 1905; Statutes, XXXIII, 1257.)

RESTRICTIONS ON PRINTING, BINDING, AND ILLUSTRATIONS.

And no more than an allotment of one-half of the sum hereby appropriated shall be expended in the first two quarters of the fiscal year, and no more than one-fourth thereof may be expended in either of the last two quarters of the fiscal year, except that, in addition thereto, in either of said last quarters, the unexpended balances of allotments for preceding quarters may be expended: * * * Provided further, That hereafter no part of the appropriations made for printing and binding shall be used for any illustration, engraving, or photograph in any document or report ordered printed by Congress unless the order to print expressly authorizes the same, nor in any document or report of any Executive Department or other Government establishment until the head of the Executive Department or Government establishment shall certify in a letter transmitting such report that the illustration is necessary and relates entirely to the transaction of public business. (Approved March 3, 1905; Statutes, XXXIII, 1213.)

REPORT

OF

S. P. LANGLEY,

SECRETARY OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION,

FOR THE

YEAR ENDING JUNE 30, 1905.

To the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution. GENTLEMEN: I have the honor to present herewith my report, showing the operations of the Institution during the year ending June 30, 1905, including the work placed under its direction by Congress in the United States National Museum, the Bureau of American Ethnology, the International Exchanges, the National Zoological Park, and the Astrophysical Observatory.

Following the precedent of several years, there is given, in the body of this report, a general account of the affairs of the Institution and its bureaus, while the Appendix presents more detailed statements by the persons in direct charge of the different branches of the work. Independently of this, the operations of the National Museum are fully treated in a separate volume of the Smithsonian Report, and the Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology constitutes a volume prepared under the supervision of the Chief of that Bureau. The scientific work of the Astrophysical Observatory is recorded in occasional publications.

THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION.

THE ESTABLISHMENT.

By act of Congress approved August 10, 1846, the Smithsonian Institution was created an Establishment. Its statutory members are the President, the Vice-President, the Chief Justice of the United States, and the heads of the Executive Departments. The prerogative of the Establishment is "the supervision of the affairs of the

Institution and the advice and the instruction of the Board of

As organized on June 30, 1905, the Establishment consisted of the following ex officio members:

THEODORE ROOSEVELT, President of the United States.

CHARLES W. FAIRBANKS, Vice-President of the United States.
MELVILLE W. FULLER, Chief Justice of the United States.
JOHN HAY, Secretary of State.

LESLIE M. SHAW, Secretary of Treasury.
WILLIAM H. TAFT, Secretary of War.
WILLIAM H. MOODY, Attorney-General.

GEORGE B. CORTELYOU, Postmaster-General.

PAUL MORTON, Secretary of Navy.

ETHAN ALLEN HITCHCOCK, Secretary of the Interior.

JAMES WILSON, Secretary of Agriculture.

VICTOR H. METCALF, Secretary of Commerce and Labor.

ORGANIZATION OF THE BOARD OF REGENTS.

The Board of Regents consists of the Vice-President and the Chief Justice of the United States as ex officio members, three members of the Senate, three members of the House of Representatives, and six citizens, "two of whom shall be residents of the city of Washington and the other four shall be inhabitants of some State, but no two of them of the same State."

As organized at the end of the fiscal year, the Board consisted of the following members:

The Hon. M. W. Fuller, Chief Justice of the United States, Chancellor; the Hon. C. W. Fairbanks, Vice-President of the United States; Senator S. M. Cullom, Representative R. R. Hitt, Representative Robert Adams, jr., Representative Hugh A. Dinsmore, Dr. James B. Angell, of Michigan; Dr. Andrew D. White, of New York; the Hon. J. B. Henderson, of Washington City; Prof. A. Graham Bell, of Washington City; the Hon. Richard Olney, of Massachusetts, and the Hon. George Gray, of Delaware.

There are two vacancies on the Board, caused by the death of Senator O. H. Platt and the retirement of Senator Francis M. Cockrell.

MEETINGS OF THE BOARD OF REGENTS.

At a meeting of the Board of Regents held March 12, 1903, the following resolution was adopted:

"Resolved, That in addition to the prescribed meeting held on the fourth Wednesday in January, regular meetings of the Board shall be held on the Tuesday after the first Monday in December and on the 6th day of March, unless that date falls on Sunday, when the following Monday shall be substituted."

In accordance with the above resolution the Board met on December 6, 1904, January 25, 1905, and March 6, 1905.

The following is an abstract of its proceedings, which latter will be found in the annual report of the Board to Congress:

REGULAR MEETING OF DECEMBER 6, 1904.

A statement concerning the disposition of the remains of James Smithson, and the report of the special committee having in charge the final disposition of the remains, was presented to the Board, which adopted the following resolution:

"Resolved, That the special committee having in charge the matter of the final disposition of the remains of James Smithson be authorized to receive the original tomb, and to place it, suitably inscribed, with the remains, in some proper position that they may select in the grounds of the Institution; the expenses involved in the matter to be met from the funds of the Institution."

The Secretary made a statement to the Board concerning the progress on the new building for the National Museum. The excavation for the building was begun on June 15, 1904, and the laying of the foundations in concrete was finished November 9, 1904. tracts for the granite had been entered into.

The con

The Secretary recalled to the Board the various bills introduced for the preservation of antiquities on the national domain. He had learned in the meantime that the Secretary of the Interior had in contemplation a bill which would meet the needs of the Department and be satisfactory to the Institution, which had prepared for the Secretary of the Interior the requisite maps giving the location of antiquities on the public lands. The Secretary of the Interior had also taken preliminary steps for the appointment of guardians for important ruins.

ANNUAL MEETING, JANUARY 25, 1905.

The Secretary announced the reappointment of Dr. J. B. Angell as a Regent for six years, by joint resolution approved by the President January 19, 1905.

The usual resolution relative to income and expenditure was adopted, and the annual reports of the Secretary, the executive committee, and the permanent committee were submitted.

The special committee on the disposition of the remains of James Smithson reported the arrival of the original tomb, and their decision, under the authority given at the previous meeting, to place it and the remains within the Smithsonian building. A statement of the reinterment of the remains will be found on a subsequent page.

The Secretary informed the Board of the proposal of Mr. Charles L. Freer, of Detroit, to bequeath or to make a deed of gift, to take effect upon his death, of a collection of paintings and etchings, largely

those of Whistler and his school, and of American and oriental pottery and other objects of art; and of erecting a building to be used solely for the purpose of exhibiting these objects, on condition that the Regents should provide for the maintenance of the building and collections. The Secretary had laid this matter before the executive committee under date of December 16, which adopted the following report:

"The executive committee, having heard with interest and appreciation the statement by Secretary Langley of the proposition and views of Mr. Charles L. Freer, of Detroit, to intrust to the Smithsonian Institution a collection of works of art, now in his possession, which has already cost $600,000, and to which he proposes to add almost as much more, and to construct for housing it a hall costing $500,000, upon condition that all the expense and responsibility for its care and maintenance shall be provided, are of opinion that it would be well for the Board of Regents to consider such a proposition in sympathy with the broad and cultivated spirit in which it is made; but as it is presented only as a statement of a conversation with Mr. Freer, it is requested by the committee that Secretary Langley communicate with Mr. Freer, and suggest to him that he put in more precise form his views and his wishes, so that the action which the committee may recommend to the Board shall be such as will exactly set forth Mr. Freer's purposes and be given the careful consideration appropriate to such an enduring benefaction.

It is further requested by the committee that Mr. Freer be communicated with in such time that his reply may be received and be considered by the committee before the meeting of the Board, which occurs on January 25, 1905."

After reading several communications from Mr. Freer on the subject, and the correspondence between him and the Secretary, the following resolution was adopted:

"Resolved, That the Chancellor appoint a committee of three Regents, whose duty it shall be to make personal examination of the collection of art objects which Mr. Charles L. Freer has proposed to give or bequeath to the Smithsonian Institution, and make report to the Board of its value and merits; and said committee is further instructed to ascertain from Mr. Freer what alterations, if any, can be made in the conditions of his very generous proposal; and the Secretary of this Institution is hereby added as an additional member of this committee."

The following committee was then appointed: Doctor Angell, Senator Henderson, Doctor Bell, and the Secretary.

REGULAR MEETING OF MARCH 6, 1905.

The Secretary asked the Board's approval of his appointment of Dr. Cyrus Adler as Assistant Secretary of the Institution, and the following resolution was adopted:

"Resolved, That the appointment by the Secretary of Dr. Cyrus Adler as Assistant Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, in