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CHAPTER V.
FROM THE SUSPENSION OF THE SELF-DENYING
ORDINANCE" IN CROMWELL'S FAVOUR, TO
HIS JUNCTION WITH AND AFTER SECES-
SION FROM THE KING'S PARTY.
Cromwell appointed to the chief command of the Horse under
Sir Thomas Fairfax-Battle of Naseby-Moral Characte-
ristics of the opposed Armies-Discovery of the King's In-
sincerity Continued Successes of Cromwell-His remark-
able Escape at the Siege of Bristol-Farther Successes--
Character of Fairfax, and the Parliament's liberality to him
and Cromwell-Gloomy prospects of the King at the opening
of the Year 1646-He surrenders himself to the Scotch
Army-Divisions between the Parliament and the Scots-
The latter deliver up the King to the Parliament-Situa-
tion of the Country-Desiderata of the Times-Cromwell's
supposed Views-Consideration of some Charges brought
against him-Seizure of the King by the Army-Cromwell's
(and the Independents') Treaty with Charles-Altered tone,
and increased violences, of the Army-Cromwell's danger
from his continued efforts in the King's favour-Perseve-
rance in the same efforts, and intrepid conduct at Ware-
Anecdote The King's flight from Hampton Court-He
arrives in the Isle of Wight-Reluctant change in Crom-
well's Policy.-Page 159 to 214.
CHAPTER VI.
FROM CROMWELL'S JUNCTION WITH THE REPUB-
LICANS, TO HIS FINAL CONCURRENCE
WITH THE KING'S TRIAL.
Cromwell's Irresolution to proceed against the Life of Charles
-Procures Meetings of the Religious and Political Leaders
-His singular Conduct at the Latter-His Character of
Charles, given in the House-Insurrections of the Royal
Party-Cromwell sent into Wales-New Invasion of the
Scots-The Presbyterians' Intolerance in their Treaty with
Charles-The King's Final Division from that Sect-Crom-
well Marches to meet the Scots-Huntington's Conspiracy
against him-The Victory at Preston-Cromwell Pursues
his route to Edinburgh-Honors paid him in that City-
The Soldiers again seize the King, and insist upon his
Trial-Enter London, and Displace many of the Members
-Cromwell's Return from Scotland-Consideration of his
asserted Ignorance of the late Proceedings in London—
Meetings with Whitelock and others-His Final Concur-
rence with the purposed Trial of the King-Reflections or
his Conduct.-Page 215 to 243.
CHAPTER VII.
FROM THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMMONS FOR
THE TRIAL, TO THE KING'S DEATH.
Cromwell
in favour of the Trial with the Scotch Com-
argues
missioners-Preparatory Proceedings of the Commons-
'The Lords refuse their Concurrence-The Commons vote
the Nullity of the Upper House, and take the Responsibility
of the Measure upon themselves-The King conducted to
London-Cromwell's Agitation at sight of Him-The
TRIAL, First Day-Second Day-Third Day-Fourth and
Fifth Days Signature of the Warrant-Extraordinary
Behaviour of Cromwell on that Occasion-Many things
related of him at this Period proved to be False or Improba-
ble-Reflections on the Trial and Execution of Charles-
Cromwell's Conduct relative to them-Historical Error cor-
rected-Lord Clarendon's Panegyric upon Charles.-Page
244 to 269.
CHAPTER VIII.
FROM THE ABOLITION OF ROYALTY TO CROM-
WELL'S APPOINTMENT TO BE CAPTAIN-
GENERAL OF THE ARMY.
The Commons abolish Royalty and the House of Lords-
Appoint a Council of State, Cromwell to be of the Num-
ber-Reflections-Cromwell constituted Lord-Governor of
Ireland-Arrives at Dublin-Storms Drogheda-Massacre
of the Garrison-Reflections upon that Event, and upon
Irish History-Cromwell's Triumphant Career-Re-called
by the Parliament to Oppose an Expected Invasion of the
Scots-His Interview with Fairfax-Appointed Captain-
General upon the Resignation of the Latter-Conference
with Ludlow-Design against his Life, and his Magnani-
mity upon the Occasion-Observation upon Mrs. Hutchin-
son's Relation of the Circumstances.-Page 270 to 294.
CHAPTER IX.
FROM CROMWELL'S SECOND EXPEDITION TO
SCOTLAND, TO HIS DISSOLUTION OF
THE LONG PARLIAMENT.
Cromwell marches for Scotland-His Moderation and Genero-
sity on crossing the Frontier-Harassing Policy of the Scots
-Imminent Danger of the English Army-Victory at Dun-
bar-Correspondence with the Governor of Edinburgh Cas-
tle-Surrender of that Fortress-Cromwell attacked by an
Ague-Charles II. joins the Scotch Army-Cromwell cuts
off his Supplies-Charles marches for England-Cromwell
overtakes him near Worcester-Gains a complete Victory-
Destruction of the Scots-The Parliament's Compliments to
Cromwell-His Triumphant Entry into London-Modera-
tion under his new Honours-Procures an Act of Oblivion
-Confers with the Chief Members of the House, and Prin-
cipal Officers, relative to a "Settlement of the Nation"-
Private Conference with Whitelock upon the same Subject
--Unpopularity of the Parliament-Cromwell DISSOLVES
that Body-Notice of the Event in a Newspaper of the
Day-Consideration of Cromwell's Conduct-And of the
Merits of the Long Parliament.-Page 295 to 351.
CHAPTER X.
FROM CROMWELL'S SUMMONS OF THe little
PARLIAMENT, TO THE COMMENCEMENT
OF HIS PROTECTORATE.
Measures of Cromwell upon the Dissolution-He Summons a
Parliament by his Personal Authority-His Investiture of
this Little Parliament-Reflections-Resignation of its
Powers by the Parliament-Real Merits of that Assembly-
Lord Clarendon's Observations Disproved-The, Officers
choose Cromwell LORD PROTECTOR-New Constitution of
the Government-Repose of the Nation-Compliments and
Friendly Advances from Foreign States-Peace with France
and Hostilities with Spain-Reflections upon the Protector's
Choice of Enemies-Anecdote of Admiral Blake and his
Seamen in Spain-Treaties with Holland, Denmark, and
Portugal-High Tone of Cromwell with those Nations and
the Rest of the Continent-Singular Conclusion of the Por-
tuguese Treaty.-Page 352 to 382.
CHAPTER XI.
FROM THE MEETING OF THE FIRST PARLIAMENT
OF
THE PROTECTORATE, то THE EVENTS
IMMEDIATELY PRECEDING THE SUM-
MONS OF THE SECOND.
Meeting of Parliament-Novel Distribution of the Writs-
The Protector's Opening Speech-Observations on his Re-
cent Government-The National Greatness-His Econo-
mical Administration-Universally Tolerant Principles-
Impartial Execution of the Laws-Patronage of Learned
Men-Political Liberality-Private Virtues-Lord Broghill's
Attempt to procure an Union between Charles II. and one
of Cromwell's Daughters-Its ill-success-Extraordinary
Proceedings of the Parliament-The Protector's Reproof,
and Interruption of their Functions-They Sign a Recog-
nition of his Authority-Dissolution of the Parliament—
Speech on that Occasion-The Cavalier Plot-Regulation
of the Chancery Court-Capture of Jamaica-Cromwell's
Speech to the Swedish Ambassador, and Unusual Honours
conferred upon Him-He Endeavours to Win Over the
Royalists-To procure Freedom of Trade for the Jews, &c.
&c.-THE CHANGE in the Protector's Mode of Government,
and its Causes-Hatred of nearly all Parties-Plots and
Conspiracies-Projects to Assassinate Him-His Harshness
toward the Cavaliers and Episcopal Clergy-Interferes with
the Administration of Justice-Packs Juries-Nullifies the
Privilege of Habeas Corpus-Appoints Political Major--
generals-Solution of Cromwell's Latter Severity.-Page
383 to 431.
CHAPTER XII.
FROM THE MEETING OF THE SECOND PARLIA-
MENT OF THE PROTECTORATE, TO
CROMWELL's death.
Composition of the Second Parliament-The Protector's Re-
fusal to Approve a Number of the Members-Their Conse-
quent Exclusion-Remonstrance of the Excluded-Pro-
ceedings of Parliament-Appointment of High Courts of
Justice Origin and History of such Extraordinary Courts
-The Parliament's Petition and Advice' to the Protector
to Assume the Title of KING-Conferences on the Subject-
Delays and Difficulties-Military Petition against Monar-