Y prefer the night, and whose antennæ are threadlike and FIG. 72.- Vanessa polychloros, or "Tortoise-shell Butterfly." often feathery, composing the second group. To this belong the dull-colored Sphinges or "hawk moths," FIG. 73.-Moth and Larva of Attacus pavonia-major. which have antennæ thickened in the middle, and which fly at twilight. Generally, when at rest, the butterflies keep their wings raised vertically, while the others hold FIG. 74. Fruit Moth (Carpocapsa pomonella): b, larva; a, chrysalis; c, imago. theirs horizontally. The pupa of the former is unprotected, and is usually suspended by a bit of silk; the pupa of the moths is in The Sphinges exhibit little FIG. 75.- Head of a Caterpillar, from be variety. They have nar row, powerful wings, and neath: a, antennæ; b, horny jaws; c, thread of silk from the conical fusulus, on either side of which are rudimentary palpi. Magnified. The The are sometimes mistaken for humming-birds. "potato worm" is the caterpillar of a sphinx. most conspicuous moths are the large and beautiful Telea, distinguished by a triangular, transparent spot in the center of the wing; the white Bombyx, or "silkworm;" the reddish-brown Clisiocampa, whose larva, "the American tent caterpillar," spreads its web in many an apple and cherry tree; the pale, delicate Geometrids; and the small but destructive Tineids, represented by the clothes moth. 6. Coleoptera, or "beetles." This is the largest of the orders, the species numbering about ninety thousand. FIG. 76. —a, imago, and b, larva, of the Goldsmith Beetle (Cotalpa lanigera); c, pupa of June Bug (Lachnosterna fusca). They are easily recognized by the elytra, or thickened, horny fore wings, which are not used for flight, but serve to cover the hind pair. When in repose, these elytra are always united by a straight edge along the whole length. The hind wings, when not in use, are folded transversely. The mandibles are well developed, and the integument generally is hard. The legs are strong, for the beetles are among the most powerful running insects. The larvæ are wormlike, and the pupa is motionless. The highest tribes are carnivorous. The most prominent forms are the savage but beautiful tiger beetles (Cicindela); the common ground beetles (Harpalus), whose elytra bear parallel ridges; the diving beetles (Dytiscus), with boat-shaped body, and hind legs changed into oars; the carrion beetles (Silpha), FIG. 77. Sexton Beetles (Necrophorus vespillo), with larva and nymph. They are burying a mouse, preparatory to laying their eggs in it. distinguished by their black, flat bodies and club-shaped antennæ; the goliath beetles (Goliathus), the giants of the order; the click beetles (Alaus); the lightning bugs (Pyrophorus); the spotted lady-birds (Coccinella); the showy, long-horned beetles (Cerambycida); and |