Outlines of Zoology and Comparative AnatomyFannin, 1874 - Всего страниц: 150 |
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Стр. 26
... fish . The accompany- ing diagram explains the " ideal vertebra . " * 66 * V .10 IDEAL VERTEBRA . " ( Owen ) . 1. Neural spine , sometimes bifid . 2. Zygapophyses , arti- cular processes of neural arch . 3. Neurapophyses , forming sides ...
... fish . The accompany- ing diagram explains the " ideal vertebra . " * 66 * V .10 IDEAL VERTEBRA . " ( Owen ) . 1. Neural spine , sometimes bifid . 2. Zygapophyses , arti- cular processes of neural arch . 3. Neurapophyses , forming sides ...
Стр. 27
... . ICTHYOPSIDA ( ix0ús , fish ; ὄψις , aspect ) ( Huxley ) . A. Amphibia . B. Pisces . Hæmatocrya ( aîμa , blood ; and kρvós , cold ) Cold - blooded Vertebrata . ( Owen . ) CHAPTER II . MAMMALIA : GENERAL CHARACTERS . MAMMALIA are 99 99.
... . ICTHYOPSIDA ( ix0ús , fish ; ὄψις , aspect ) ( Huxley ) . A. Amphibia . B. Pisces . Hæmatocrya ( aîμa , blood ; and kρvós , cold ) Cold - blooded Vertebrata . ( Owen . ) CHAPTER II . MAMMALIA : GENERAL CHARACTERS . MAMMALIA are 99 99.
Стр. 33
... fishes . There is situated at the inner canthus of the eye of Rumin- ants a gland , called the Harderian gland , for the purpose of assisting to lubricate the eyeball . Nearly all Mammals ( with the exception of man , monkeys , the ...
... fishes . There is situated at the inner canthus of the eye of Rumin- ants a gland , called the Harderian gland , for the purpose of assisting to lubricate the eyeball . Nearly all Mammals ( with the exception of man , monkeys , the ...
Стр. 45
... fish - like in form and mode of life ; they have one or two blow - holes on the top of the head , leading into the nostrils ; their teats are inguinal , testes are abdominal , and they have no vesiculæ seminales . Their respiration is ...
... fish - like in form and mode of life ; they have one or two blow - holes on the top of the head , leading into the nostrils ; their teats are inguinal , testes are abdominal , and they have no vesiculæ seminales . Their respiration is ...
Стр. 56
... , and , on the other , with that of fishes , presents many striking points of difference , and affords an example of an optical instrument of exquisite 66 construction , designed to suit the condition in which 56 Vertebrata . 99 Senses.
... , and , on the other , with that of fishes , presents many striking points of difference , and affords an example of an optical instrument of exquisite 66 construction , designed to suit the condition in which 56 Vertebrata . 99 Senses.
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abdomen absent alimentary canal Amphibia anal animals anus aperture aquatic auricle birds bladder blood body bones bony bony pike branchiæ branchial calcareous called canines Carnivora caudal cavity cells cervical vertebræ Cetacea chamber clavicle claws cloaca composed comprise contains coracoid covered developed Digitigrade distinct divided dorsal vertebræ eîdos eldos elongated endoskeleton external extremely feathers feet female fins fishes five toes four front ganglia ganglion gills gland hind limbs horny humerus incisors insects integument intestine larvæ legs lower jaw lungs Mammalia Mammals mandibles maxillæ membrane mollusca mouth muscles muscular nervous system nostrils organs pair pectoral peculiar pelvic arch pharynx placed plates possess present Professor Owen Quadrumana rays respiration ribs rudimentary Ruminants sacs scapula shell single Sirenia situated skin skull soft spine sternum stomach sub-kingdom tail teeth termed terminates transverse processes tubes upper jaw usually valve ventral ventricle vertebral column Vertebrata wings
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Стр. 17 - I believe that animals have descended from at most only four or five progenitors, and plants from an equal or lesser number. Analogy would lead me one step further, namely, to the belief that all animals and plants have descended from some one prototype. But analogy may be a deceitful guide. Nevertheless all living things have much in common, in their chemical composition, their germinal vesicles, their cellular structure, and their laws of growth and reproduction. We see this even in so trifling...
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Стр. 18 - Therefore I should infer from analogy that probably all the organic beings which have ever lived on this earth have descended from some one primordial form into which life was first breathed by the Creator.
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Стр. 17 - Analogy would lead me one step farther, namely, to the belief that all animals and plants are descended from some one prototype. But analogy may be a deceitful guide. Nevertheless all living things have much in common, in their chemical composition, their cellular structure, their laws of growth, and their liability to injurious influences.
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Стр. 61 - In the hind limb of most birds there is a singular extensor muscle, which arises from the pubis, ends in a tendon which passes to the outer side of the knee-joint, and terminates in the leg by uniting with the flexor digitorum perforatus. The result of this arrangement is, that the toes are flexed whenever the leg is bent upon the thigh, and, consequently, the roosting bird is held fast upon his perch by the weight of his own body.