Outlines of Zoology and Comparative AnatomyFannin, 1874 - Всего страниц: 150 |
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Стр. 32
... lungs , which are divided into lobes ( except in the horse , elephant , and some of the mutilata ) ; the inspired air is warmed to the temperature of the animal , and robbed of oxygen , while the expired air is charged with carbonic ...
... lungs , which are divided into lobes ( except in the horse , elephant , and some of the mutilata ) ; the inspired air is warmed to the temperature of the animal , and robbed of oxygen , while the expired air is charged with carbonic ...
Стр. 45
... lungs . the blood requires fresh oxygen , the animal rises towards the surface of the water , shuts its mouth , and commences to expire the impure air ; the expired column of air is sur- rounded with a cylinder of water drawn up with it ...
... lungs . the blood requires fresh oxygen , the animal rises towards the surface of the water , shuts its mouth , and commences to expire the impure air ; the expired column of air is sur- rounded with a cylinder of water drawn up with it ...
Стр. 50
... lungs communicate with air sacs scattered through the body , and many of the bones are pneumatic . The heart consists of four chambers , and the blood corpuscles are nucleated . OSTEOLOGY . - The skeleton of a bird possesses many points ...
... lungs communicate with air sacs scattered through the body , and many of the bones are pneumatic . The heart consists of four chambers , and the blood corpuscles are nucleated . OSTEOLOGY . - The skeleton of a bird possesses many points ...
Стр. 54
... lungs , two in number , are large , spongy , bright red in colour , and immovably confined to the back part of the chest , so that expiration is effected by means of the sternum being drawn towards the vertebral column by muscular ...
... lungs , two in number , are large , spongy , bright red in colour , and immovably confined to the back part of the chest , so that expiration is effected by means of the sternum being drawn towards the vertebral column by muscular ...
Стр. 55
... lung . The blood and general temperature of the body is much warmer in birds than in Mammals . NERVOUS SYSTEM . — The nervous system consists of both the cerebro - spinal and sympathetic systems , and presents a general resemblance to ...
... lung . The blood and general temperature of the body is much warmer in birds than in Mammals . NERVOUS SYSTEM . — The nervous system consists of both the cerebro - spinal and sympathetic systems , and presents a general resemblance to ...
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abdomen absent alimentary canal Amphibia anal animals anus aperture aquatic auricle birds bladder blood body bones bony bony pike branchiæ branchial calcareous called canines Carnivora caudal cavity cells cervical vertebræ Cetacea chamber clavicle claws cloaca composed comprise contains coracoid covered developed Digitigrade distinct divided dorsal vertebræ eîdos eldos elongated endoskeleton external extremely feathers feet female fins fishes five toes four front ganglia ganglion gills gland hind limbs horny humerus incisors insects integument intestine larvæ legs lower jaw lungs Mammalia Mammals mandibles maxillæ membrane mollusca mouth muscles muscular nervous system nostrils organs pair pectoral peculiar pelvic arch pharynx placed plates possess present Professor Owen Quadrumana rays respiration ribs rudimentary Ruminants sacs scapula shell single Sirenia situated skin skull soft spine sternum stomach sub-kingdom tail teeth termed terminates transverse processes tubes upper jaw usually valve ventral ventricle vertebral column Vertebrata wings
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Стр. 17 - I believe that animals have descended from at most only four or five progenitors, and plants from an equal or lesser number. Analogy would lead me one step further, namely, to the belief that all animals and plants have descended from some one prototype. But analogy may be a deceitful guide. Nevertheless all living things have much in common, in their chemical composition, their germinal vesicles, their cellular structure, and their laws of growth and reproduction. We see this even in so trifling...
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Стр. 18 - Therefore I should infer from analogy that probably all the organic beings which have ever lived on this earth have descended from some one primordial form into which life was first breathed by the Creator.
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Стр. 123 - The sponge represents a kind of subaqueous city, where the people are arranged about the streets and roads in such a manner that each can easily appropriate his food from the water as it passes along.
Стр. 17 - Analogy would lead me one step farther, namely, to the belief that all animals and plants are descended from some one prototype. But analogy may be a deceitful guide. Nevertheless all living things have much in common, in their chemical composition, their cellular structure, their laws of growth, and their liability to injurious influences.
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Стр. 61 - In the hind limb of most birds there is a singular extensor muscle, which arises from the pubis, ends in a tendon which passes to the outer side of the knee-joint, and terminates in the leg by uniting with the flexor digitorum perforatus. The result of this arrangement is, that the toes are flexed whenever the leg is bent upon the thigh, and, consequently, the roosting bird is held fast upon his perch by the weight of his own body.